CARLOS M. BRAINERD, one of Outagamie's old and honored citizens, now living retired in the city of Appleton, is a member of a family that has been noted in military circles for three generations, his grandfather having been a Revolutionary soldier, his father a soldier in the War of 1812, and he himself a veteran of the great Civil War, through which he served with faithfulness and bravery, admirably sustaining the record of this old and respected family. Mr. Brainerd was born January 17, 1838, in Lewis county, New York, and is a son of Asher and Clarissa (Palmer) Brainerd, the former a native of Connecticut and the latter of New York. The Brainerd family came from England in 1669 and settled in New England, from whence members enlisted in the Revolutionary War. Asher Brainerd, who was a brother of the Rev. Thomas Brainerd of Philadelphia, went as a young man from Connecticut to New York, was there married, and spent the remainder of his life in the Empire State. Later his widow came to Wisconsin, where her death occurred. They were the parents of fifteen children, of whom twelve grew to maturity. Carlos M. Brainerd received his early education in the public schools of New York, later attending Glens Falls Academy, and he was engaged in farming at the time of the outbreak of the Civil War. In May, 1862, he enlisted in the 118th New York Volunteers, with which organization he served until the close of the war, and at the time of his discharge had attained the rank of sergeant. He served his country faithfully, and endured imprisonment for four months during his service. In the fall of 1865 he came to Outagamie county, Wisconsin, locating in Black Creek township at a time when there were but five voters here, and taking up wild land. This he cleared and devoted to farming and stockraising, and at the time of his retirement was the owner of 160 acres of finely improved land. In 1890 he sold his farm and moved to Appleton, where he has since resided. Mr. Brainerd has taken an active part in the development of this part of the state, and his fellow-townsmen have expressed their appreciation of his worth as a citizen by electing him to every office in the township, in all of which he has served faithfully and capably. From 1874 he served continuously for seven years as chairman of the township board, and during his incumbency of that office many beneficent innovations were introduced that meant for the welfare of the township in both industrial and agricultural ways. He is independent in his political views, with republican tendencies. He is a popular comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic.

Mr. Brainerd was married (first) to Frances A. Seelye, of New York, who died in 1888, and he then married his first wife's sister, Mrs. Cynthia Stray, whose death occurred May 25, 1907. He has three children: Mrs. Sassman and Mrs. Granely, twins, and Elwin, a resident of St. Paul, Minnesota.

CORNELIUS VAN OUDENHOVEN, who in addition to being the owner and operator of a fine forty-acre farm in Grand Chute township, is extensively engaged in the manufacture of cheese, was born in what is now Vandenbroek (then Kaukauna) township, Outagamie county, Wisconsin, March 4, 1863, a son of Theodore and Mary (Van Hammond) Van Oudenhoven. Theodore Van Oudenhoven was born in Holland in 1815, and came to the United States in 1849, and his wife was born in the same country May 30, 1834, and emigrated to this country in 1851. The father located first at Detroit, Michigan, but after a short time removed to the copper fields, where he remained about one year, after which he came to Outagamie county and purchased a farm in Kaukauna township, on which he continued to operate until his death, December 20, 1890. His widow survived him until March 3, 1907. Cornelius Van Oudenhoven was the sixth child of his parents' family of fourteen, and his education was secured in school district No. 8, Kaukauna township. He was married June 6, 1894, to Anna Janssen, who was born in that township, June 4, 1873, daughter of John and Mary (Nussbaum) Janssen, the former born in Holland, September 22, 1844, and the latter in Germany, May 25, 1843. Mr. Janssen came to America in 1844, with his parents, the family settling in what was then Kaukauna township, and he grew to maturity on a farm in that locality. Later he himself became a landowner in Kaukauna township, and engaged in farming there until 1898, when he settled on a little tract of seven acres, which was his home until 1910. He then removed to Little Chute, and is now living retired in that village. Mr. Van Oudenhoven worked on the home farm with his father until he had reached his twenty-sixth year, when he went to the state of Oregon, working there as a farm hand for two years and then returning to the home farm for a like period. At this time he was married and rented a part of the old homestead, later buying his present property of forty acres, a part of which was his father's at one time. He operates this in a scientific way and makes a specialty of dairy farming. In 1906 Mr. Van Oudenhoven built a cheese factory with a capacity of 10,000 pounds of milk, and he received generally six or seven thousand pounds daily, manufacturing a high grade of American cheese which he markets in Appleton on the dairy board. His factory is equipped with the most modern appliances and his special brands are "Twins"' "Langham" and "Young America," making what the market seems to need. Mr. Van Oudenhoven is an expert in his line, and his product meets with a ready sale.

Mr. and Mrs. Van Oudenhoven have had nine children, born as follows: Mary. born May 26, 1895; Theodore, July 9, 1896; Katharine, April 21, 1898; Anthony, March 26, 1899; Minnie, November 9, 1901; Anna, August 23, 1903; Rosella, April 17, 1905; George, September 9, 1906; Christina, December 25, 1909. Mr. and Mrs. Van Oudenhoven are members of the Little Chute Roman Catholic Church. He is a democrat in politics, and has served two years as assessor.

FRANK F. TRETTIEN, who during the past twenty-five years has been identified with the farming interests of Ellington township, Outagamie county, is a native of this township, and was born on the farm which he now operates, July 19, 1861, a son of Christian Fred and Caroline (Schutter) Trettien. Christian Fred Trettien was born in Germany, and came to the United States when a young man, settling first in the State of New York, where he purchased land and lived for five years. While there he was married to Caroline Schutter, also a native of Germany, and they had one son, Charles, born in New York. In 1854 Mr. Trettien sold his Eastern property and brought his family to Wisconsin, settling in Outagamie county, where he bought the land now owned by his son Frank F., at that time a tract of heavy timber on which no improvements had been made. The rest of his life was spent on this property, and here his death occurred March 24, 1891, his widow surviving him until May 31, 1903. They had nine children, all of whom are living except one, William, who died in infancy. Frank F. Trettien attended the district schools of Ellington township and when twenty-two years of age went to South Dakota and took 160 acres of land to homestead, returning to this county three years later to rent his father's farm, which he bought five years later. Here he has since carried on mixed farming and dairying, and he raises some live stock for his own use. On April 22, 1891, Mr. Trettien was married to Miss Emma Herrmann, who was born in Greenville township, Outagamie county, April 6, 1868, the third day after the arrival from Germany of her parents, Carl and Fredericka Herrmann. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Trettien, namely: Walter, born April 28, 1892; and Harry, born November 27, 1899, both at home. Mr. and Mrs. Trettien are members of the German Lutheran Church of Ellington township.

JOHN MEIDAM, a well-known resident. of Grand Chute township, has been engaged in carpenter work here for nearly forty years, and now carries on this business as a contractor, having built up a large and lucrative trade. Born December 16, 1850, in Appleton. Mr. Meidam is a son of William and Louisa (Van Henklom) Meidam, natives of Amsterdam, Holland, the father born January 10, 1819, and the mother in June, 1831. They came to America in 1847, and went direct to Milwaukee, where for one year Mr. Meidam worked in a brick yard, and then located in Appleton, where he built a small house. Here he resided for about two years, during which time he was employed by Reeder Smith, and at the end of this time bought a thirty-two-acre farm in Grand Chute township, on the Center Road, this being his residence during the remainder of his life. He died in 1899, his wife having passed away five years before. John Meidam was the eldest of his parents' nine children, and he received his education in the schools of Grand Chute township. Until he was twenty-one years of age he assisted his father in the work of the home farm, and then for one year worked as a farm hand, at the end of that time learning the carpenter trade, at which he has worked ever since. He has a large contracting business, and resides in a comfortable residence, situated on a two-acre lot located on Rural Route No. 4, in Grand Chute township. Mr. Meidam is a democrat in politics, and for ten years has served as clerk of the school board. He is an attendant of St. Paul's Lutheran Church at Appleton.

On March 8, 1878, Mr. Meidam was married to Hannah Miller, born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, May 1, 1857, daughter of George and Magdalena (Eiher) Miller, natives of Germany and early settlers of Milwaukee, where Mr. Miller was a shoemaker. Later he was engaged in farming in Milwaukee and Outagamie counties, and he died in Grand Chute township in 1900, his wife having passed away three years before.

THOMAS SPRY, who is now living retired at Seymour, Wisconsin, is a Canadian by birth, and is of English parentage, his father having been born in Lincolnshire and his mother in County Norfolk, England. The parents came to America as young people, and were married in Canada, where Mr. Spry carried on agricultural pursuits until his death in 1879 or 1880, in his seventy-second year, while Mrs. Spry survived until June, 1896, she being seventy-five years old at the time of her demise. They had the following children: Tamson, Sarah, Thomas, Victoria, William J., Laura and Emily.

Thomas Spry was born at County Hastings, Ontario, Dominion of Canada, October 10, 1843, and after securing a good common school education in the schools of his native place started out on his own account at the age of twenty-two years. After leaving Canada, he located in the State of Michigan, but after a short period removed to Seymour, Wisconsin, and in 1870 settled on a tract of ninety-six acres of wild land in section 9, in Osborn township. He erected a log cabin, with a roof of split logs, in which he resided until 1876, and during that year went to California, but shortly thereafter returned to Osborn township and again took up farming. During the year 1886, Mr. Spry went to Canada, where he was married to Ann Eastman, a native of England, and a daughter of Alfred Eastman, who came from England and engaged in agricultural pursuits in Canada. Mrs. Spry, who died in 1896, at the age of sixty-two years, had these brothers and sisters: Sarah, Thomas, Edgar, Alfred, Helen, Eliza, Sophia and Laura.

After his marriage Mr. Spry returned to Wisconsin and sold his farm on section 9, purchasing another property on section 3, and on this land he resided until his retirement from active pursuits in 1891, since which time he has resided in the city of Seymour. He is a republican in his political views, but is apt to vote rather for the man than the party. Fraternally, he is connected with the Seymour Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. His religious connection is with the Methodist Church.

APPLETON MACHINE COMPANY. The rapid growth of some of Wisconsin's business enterprises, which have had humble beginnings and have become large industries giving employment to a number of skilled men, has been due to the progressive ideas, enterprise and inherent ability of their incorporators, men who were bound to succeed in whatever line they cast their energies. No better example of this can be found than the Appleton Machine Company, the proprietors of which, H. G. and F. E. Saecker, are well-known business men of Appleton. In 1867, John G. Morgan came from New York to Appleton, and the firm of Ketchum & Morgan was established, Mr. Ketchum's interest being later sold to Henry F. Bassett, of Massachusetts, at which time the firm took the name of Morgan & Bassett. This style continued until 1887, when W. F., F. E. and H. G. Saecker and L. Olmstead purchased the interests of Mr. Bassett, the Appleton Machine Company being established, principally for the purpose of repairing and jobbing, with seven men on the company's pay roll. Business grew to such an extent, however, that it was necessary to increase the capacity of the concern, and the manufacture of papermaking machinery was begun, and the output of the factory is now $125,000 per annum, mostly in contract and special work, necessitating the employment of sixty men. The goods from this concern are shipped all over the United States, and it has gained an enviable reputation not only for the excellence of the work done but for the promptness with which it is delivered and the strict manner in which contracts are lived up to.

The Saecker brothers are sons of Gotfried and Hannah Saecker, natives of Germany, who came to the United States in 1868. Besides the brothers mentioned the children were: Albert, who is the proprietor of a shop at Marcus, Wisconsin; Julius, who died in 1894; August, who died April 22, 1911; Mrs. Byer, who resides in Appleton; William F., an undertaker and furniture dealer of Appleton. F. E. Saecker was born in Germany, September 1, 1854, and when he had reached the age of seventeen years had thoroughly learned the blacksmith trade in his father's shop. Until coming to Appleton in 1874 he was engaged at his trade in various carriagemaking shops in Wisconsin, and during the following eight years he was employed by the Appleton Manufacturing Company. In 1882, with his brothers and Lamar Olmstead, he organized the Appleton Machine Company, and in 1887 the Bassett & Morgan factory was purchased, Mr. Morgan, however, remaining as a member of the firm. Mr. Olmstead's interest was purchased in 1894. On December 19, 1878, Mr. Saecker married Minnie Breitrick, daughter of Carl Breitrick, and three children were born to this union, only one of whom, Edna Estella, survives. Mr. and Mrs. Saecker are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and the Temple of Honor, and in politics he is a staunch Republican. Mr. Saecker holds the position of president of the machine company.

H. G. Saecker was born November 16, 1858, in Germany, and at the age of sixteen years left home to work in a farming machine factory for three years, after which he spent two years in the same line at Oak Grove, Dodge county, and three years at blacksmithing in Markesan, Green Lake, county. He then returned to Appleton, where with his brothers and Mr. Olmstead, he established the Appleton Machine Company. He is secretary and treasurer of the concern. In 1891 he was married to Miss Margaret Engler, daughter of Christian Engler, an old settler, and one child was born to this union: Enid Margaret. Mr. and Mrs. Saecker are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

GEORGE MILLER, one of the old and honored residents of Grand Chute township, Outagamie county, who is now living practically retired from activities, after a long and useful life spent in agricultural pursuits, was born in Syracuse, New York, April 1, 1840, and is a son of George and Magdalena (Ehier) Miller, natives of Alsace-Lorraine, Germany. The father of Mr. Miller came to the United States when nineteen years of age, and first located in New York City, where he followed the trade of shoemaker for about twelve years, after which he came to Milwaukee, and later removed to a farm in Granville township. In the fall of 1863 he settled on the farm now owned by his son George, in Grand Chute township, on which he was engaged in farming until his death. He had a family of eight children, as follows: Fred W., a retired citizen of Grand Chute township; George; Sarah, the wife of James Maralott, residing near Oconto, a farmer; Magdalena, the wife of John Hint, a retired farmer of Buffalo county; Eliza, who resides with her sister; Hannah, wife of John Meidham, a carpenter contractor of Grand Chute township; Henry, who is deceased; and Emily, the wife of George Mosier, a resident of Hart, Michigan.

George Miller attended the German schools in Milwaukee and the district schools of Grand Chute township and worked with his father until his enlistment in 1862, in Company K, Thirty-fourth Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, with which he served with such gallantry and faithfulness that after two months he had advanced to the rank of corporal. He was mustered out of the service at Camp Douglas, and returned to his home in Milwaukee, from whence he accompanied the family to Grand Chute township, and worked for his father until his marriage. At this time his father presented him with forty acres of unimproved land, on which he at once settled, and here was engaged in cultivating the soil until 1909, during which year he bought the old homestead. He reserved two acres for gardening for home use, and also owns twenty acres adjoining his place and forty acres in Center township. He has watched the country grow from a practically unimproved waste to a prosperous industrial and educational center, and has done his full share in bringing the present favorable condition about. Mr. Miller is a member of St. Paul's Lutheran Church, and is a Democrat in politics.

On February 17, 1870, Mr. Miller was married to Miss Helen Meidham, who was born in Appleton, May 9, 1852, daughter of William and Louisa (Van Henklom) Meidham, natives of Amsterdam, Holland, and early settlers of Milwaukee, who later removed to Center township and there spent the rest of their lives. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have three children: Louisa, born May 23, 1871, married Fletcher Tyrrell, a mechanic of Menasha; Paulina, born September 19, 1873, wife of Edward Steinacher, a farmer on the old homestead; and George W., born February 8, 1881, an employe of the city of Appleton, married Emma Steinacher, who is now deceased.

JOHN MCKEEVER, a justice of the peace of Ellington township for the past twenty years, is one of the leading agriculturists of this section and has also been extensively engaged in breeding blooded live stock. He is a son of John McKeever, a native of County Louth, Ireland, who came to the United States in 1850, working the first five years as a farm hand in New York State and then coming west to Green Bay, Wisconsin, from whence he walked through the woods to Ellington township, there buying the farm that became the homestead, and which is now the home of his son Michael. He was married in May, 1857, in Fond du Lac, to Mary Boyle, a native of Limerick, Ireland, who walked from Fond du Lac to her new home with her husband the day after their marriage. She died in 1907. John McKeever was born February 11, 1858, in the log cabin on the old homestead, and secured what education was obtainable in the log schoolhouse of his district. At the age of twenty years he started out to make his own way in the world, going to the pineries, where he remained about five months of the first winter. In the summer Mr. McKeever returned to Ellington township and worked for the farmers by the month and during the winter again went to the woods. The next summer he returned to his father's farm, on which he spent the next five or six years, his winters being occupied as before, but in 1884 he settled down to an agricultural life, his father having presented him with the fine tract which he is now operating. Here he has made many improvements, including a new residence and a large barn, aind he has brought the land into a high state of cultivation. Aside from his farming operations, Mr. McKeever is the owner and trainer of race horses, having Wilkes Blood and Count Buckner, the latter having a mark of 2:06 3/4. He also has a fine herd of Jersey cattle, among which is Gay Lad, one of the finest bulls in the state. He is recognized as an expert judge of live stock, is known as a good, practical farmer, and his ability as an official is testified to by the fact that he has served as justice of the peace of Ellington township for many years. He and his wife are members of St. Patrick's Catholic Church at Stephensville.

Mr. McKeever was married October 30, 1904, to Miss Anne Murphy, who was born December 22, 1871, in Oconto, Oconto county, Wisconsin, daughter of John and Catherine (Regan) Murphy, natives of Canada and farming people of Oconto county, where they still reside. Mr. and Mrs. Murphy had five daughters: Mary Ellen, Anna Bella, Rosa, Jennie and Katherine. To Mr. and Mrs. McKeever seven children have been born: John, James, Ellen, Anne, Lauretta, Margaretta and Sarah.

WILLIAM GOSSE. The farming interests of Outagamie county, Wisconsin, are in the hands of men of experience, progressive methods and practical ideas, with whom it is a matter of pride to keep their section in the front rank of agricultural counties. During the past several decades conditions here have changed to a great extent, and the use of farming machinery as operated by steam power, has greatly facilitated the raising of large crops as compared with the crude implements of the sturdy pioneers who first broke the country to the plow. Practical ideas, good management and the use of up-to-date machinery have made many men successful as agriculturists during the past few years, and one of these is William Gosse, who is the owner of the fine Gosse homestead in Ellington township. Mr. Gosse was born on the farm he is now conducting, December 4, 1879, and is a son of Frank and Johanna Gosse, the former of whom was born in Berlin, Germany, and came to the United States when a young man. He first settled in Greenville township, Outagamie county, but later sold his property there and came to Ellington township, where he followed farming until his death. His widow, who survives him, makes her home with her son on the homestead, which the latter acquired through purchase in the spring of 1911. The family has always been connected with the German Lutheran Church, and Mrs. Gosse is prominent in church and charitable work. The farm is finely developed, well equipped with buildings, has a fine stream of flowing water and yields large crops.

ALBERT A. WETTENGEL, secretary of the Schlafer Hardware Company of Appleton, Wisconsin, is one of the progressive and enterprising business men of this city. He was born in Appleton, December 27, 1872, a son of Frederick William and Henrietta (Sengstock) Wettengel. Frederick W. Wettengel was born August 15, 1836, and died in April, 1882. He was educated in his native city in Bavaria, Germany, serving his apprenticeship as a cabinetmaker. He came to America in 1859, going directly to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. At the first call for volunteer troops at the start of the Civil War, Mr. Wettengel enlisted as a three-months' man, and after his service had been completed came to Appleton. He was married April 24, 1861, to Sophia Getschow, a native of Milwaukee, by whom he had three children, as follows: Lena, who married Charles Hehne, of Appleton; Elizabeth, who married F. W. Findenkeller, of Kaukauna; and Julia, who married August F. Kroenke, of Appleton. Mr. Wettengel's second marriage was to Henrietta Sengstock, in 1869, she having come to this country from Germany in 1868, preceding her parents, John F. and Anna (Moroch) Sengstock. To the second marriage there were born the following children: Carl, a machinist, died in Milwaukee in January, 1896; Albert A., of Appleton; Anna, at home; Fred F.; and George R., who is with his brother Fred in the insurance business in Appleton, was married to Eugenia A. Knuppel. After the death of her first husband Mrs. Wettengel was married March 18, 1883, to George Kirchner, who died in 1896, three children having been born: Flora and Edith, at home; and Louis G., a traveling salesman of Appleton.

Albert A. Wettengel received a public and high school education, graduating from the Ryan High school in 1889. He taught for two terms in the country school, and on April 23, 1891, accepted the position of bookkeeper with the hardware firm of Schlafer, Barrett & Tesh. Upon the organization of the Schlafer Hardware Company, January 12, 1905, he was made secretary, which position he has since held. Mr. Wettengel is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Sons of Veterans, is a Republican in politics, and a member and trustee of the Congregational Church.

HENRY KREUTZBERG, who is successfully operating a general and dairy farm in Ellington township, has been a lifelong resident of this district, and was born on his father's farm, a son of Conrad and Anna (Baker) Kreutzberg. Conrad Kreutzberg was born in Germany and came to the United States when he was eighteen or nineteen years of age, locating in Greenville township and working for the farmers there by the month for two years. He then came to Ellington township and purchased land, but after three or four years he sold that property and purchased the one now owned by Henry Kreutzberg. At that time there had been made but few improvements on this place, but Conrad Kreutzberg remodeled the house and erected large new barns, also bringing his land to a high state of cultivation. In 1861 he married Barbara Fischer, and. she died in 1876, having been the mother of three children. In 1878 Mr. Kreutzberg married Anna Baker, daughter of Peter Baker, and they had two children, and now reside in Appleton, retired. Henry Kreutzberg's brother, Theodore, died at the age of fourteen years. Henry Kreutzberg received his education in the district schools of Greenville township and the Catholic schools, and was reared to the life of an agriculturist, always remaining on his father's farm, which he purchased in 1905, after having rented it for two years. He carries on farming along general lines, and has made a decided success of his ventures. In 1900 Mr. Kreutzberg was married to Katherine Bauer, who was born in 1878, daughter of Andrew and Katherine Bauer, natives of Grand Chute township, Outagamie county, and to this union there have been born six children: Mary, Asalla, Conrad, Monica, Theodore and Clarence. The family is connected with the Catholic Church at Greenville. In politics Mr. Kreutzberg is identified with the Democratic party, but claims the right to vote independently and to use his own judgment in casting his vote.

FRED PETERSEN, a well-known business man of Appleton, and senior member of the large meat manufacturing firm of Petersen & Rehbein, one of the leading firms of its kind in the city, was born in the town of Clayton, Winnebago county, Wisconsin, March 25, 1860, a son of Fred and Mary (Zeh) Petersen, the former being a native of Glueckenstedt, Germany, and the latter of the Prussian Province of Saxony. Fred Petersen, the elder, came to the United States in 1854, and located in Milwaukee. He was a carpenter and cabinetmaker and in this country was chiefly engaged in contracting and building. Some of the buildings erected by Mr. Petersen are still standing as monuments to his skill and thoroughness as a workman, and one that was built in 1857, is now, after a period of more than half a century, in an excellent state of preservation and in daily use. Mr. Petersen died January 6, 1908, leaving a widow and eight children, all living, the children's names being as follows: Fred; Henry, a resident of Minneapolis, Minnesota; Anna, living at home; William, a civil engineer of Chicago, Illinois; Mary, residing at Long Beach, California; Minnie and Pauline, both engaged in teaching at Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Alvina, the wife of Fred Zabler, of Coachella, California. Fred Petersen, the immediate subject of this sketch, was educated in the common schools and at Lawrence Col lege. Before attaining his majority he bought and sold stock in this section, and when twenty-one years old he took over the business formerly conducted by his father. He now owns a stock farm of 120 acres near Appleton, where he raises thoroughbred Holstein cattle. He has served as alderman and as a member of the General Assembly two terms, is a member of the Elks, the Modern Woodmen and the E. F. U. He has always stood for that type of citizenship which places the city's interest before his own, and any movement which has for its object the betterment of educational, social or commercial conditions, finds in him an earnest and enthusiastic supporter. In 1883, Mr. Petersen married Josephine, daughter of Henry and Frederica Mathieu, who died in 1889, leaving one son, Fred. In 1891, Mr. Petersen married his first wife's sister, Edith, and they are the parents of one daughter, Esther, who is living at home. Mr. and Mrs. Petersen are members of the First Congregational Church.

AUGUST GRESENZ, whose birth occurred January 3, 1857, in Hinterpomer, Germany, is a son of Martin and Caroline (Kranzusch) Gresenz, natives of the Fatherland. Martin Gresenz came to the United States in 1869 with his family and settled in Black Creek township, Outagamie county, Wisconsin, on a farm of sixty acres, of which ten were cleared, and soon replaced the log cabin and barn with a good frame house and substantial barn. He started to cultivate his property, and later added two tracts of eighty acres each to it, and at the time of his death, in 1910, at the age of eighty-eight years, he was one of the substantial agriculturists of his township. His wife died in 1894, when sixty-six years of age. Mr. Gresenz had two brothers, John, residing in Germany, and William, who died in Chicago, and one sister, Mary, who married August Schafelk. Mrs. Gresenz's two brothers, August and Francis, died in Germanv, while her sister, Lucy, married Fred Winzlof and died in Black Creek. To the parents of August Gresenz there were born the following children: Bertha, Minnie, Charles, August, Gustave, William, Anna and Lena, all of whom are now living.

The early education of August Gresenz was secured in Germany, and he attended school in Wisconsin only a short time. He remained on the home property until reaching the age of twenty-five years, when he engaged in farming in Black Creek township, where he purchased a tract of eighty acres, but after three years on this land sold out and became an employe of the circulation department of the German newspaper conducted by W. H. Myer & Company of Appleton. During the following twenty-five years he traveled extensively in this connection, and at the end of this time located in Seymour, where he has since been engaged in the monument business.

In 1881 Mr. Gresenz was married to Mrs. Mary Zigezenben, a native of Washington county, Wisconsin, and the daughter of an old settler of Black Creek township, and to this union there have been born the following children: Anna, who married Henry Holz, of Racine, Wisconsin; Lena, who died at the age of fifteen years; Minnie, who died when two years old; and Elsie, who lives at home with her parents.

FREDERICK WILLIAM MILLER. One of Grand Chute township's old and honored residents, who has watched the country grow and develop during nearly half of a century, was for a long period engaged in agricultural pursuits, and now lives retired,---Frederick William Miller. Mr. Miller was born June 13, 1838, in Wayne county, New York, and is a son of George and Magdalena (Aeers) Miller, both born near Strausberg. George Miller came to America before he had attained his majority and for about twelve years was engaged in shoemaking in Wayne county, New York, where he was married, and then came west to Milwaukee, later settling on a farm in Granville township. In the fall of 1863 he settled on the farm now owned by his son George in Grand Chute township, where he carried on agricultural pursuits up to the time of his death. His eight children were as follows: Frederick William; George, a farmer of Grand Chute township; Sarah, who married James Maralott, a farmer near Oconto, Wisconsin; Magdalena, who married John Hint, a retired farmer of Buffalo county, Wisconsin; Eliza, who resides with her sister; Hannah, who married John Meidham, of Grand Chute township, a contracting carpenter; Henry, deceased; and Emily, the wife of George Mosier, a resident of Hart, Michigan. George Miller attended the district schools of Granville township, and resided at home until he was twenty-one years of age, when he began to work for others, principally at barrel stave making, often making as many as 1,000 in a day. He continued this for about five years, and then spent two years in a mill at Warsaw. In the fall of 1864 he came to Appleton and bought forty acres of land, on which he was engaged in farming until 1893, in which year he sold out and came to his present fifty-nine acre farm in Grand Chute township, which is now being operated by his sons, Mr. Miller's activities being limited to light gardening work. He is a Democrat in politics, and has served as chairman of the township nine years, township treasurer five years and in other township offices in the gift of the people. He holds membership in the Lutheran Church.

On January 1, 1859, Mr. Miller was married to Magdalena, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Healt) Moser. She was born September 5, 1841, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, whence her parents came in 1838 from Bavaria. Mr. Moser was engaged in farming in Milwaukee county up to the time of his death in 1846, and his widow married again and continued to live on the homestead until her death in 1901. Mrs. Miller died May 23, 1910, having been the mother of fourteen children, of whom ten grew to maturity, as follows: Magdalena, who is deceased; John, a farmer of Grand Chute township; Ellen, the wife of Charles Nichols, a real estate dealer of Appleton; Lovina, the wife of Fred Lindauer, a papermaker of Little Rapids, Wisconsin; William, a farmer of Grand Chute township; Clara, the wife of Robert McCoy, a farmer of Grand Chute township; Ida, who married Gust DeTier, of Miamisburg, Ohio, a mechanic; Zadie, the wife of Frank Casha, a papermaker of Appleton; Rosana, the wife of Will Wilharm, a farmer of Grand Chute township; and Edward, who lives with his father. Mr. Miller has thirty-one grandchildren and five great-grandchildren.

DENNIS P. HALLORAN, a leading agriculturist of Ellington township, who is the owner of fine farming property, was born on his present farm, July 10, 1868, and is a son of Michael and Julia (Newcomb) Halloran. Michael Halloran was a native of the Emerald Isle, and as a young man left the County Cork for the United States, locating in Ellington township in 1865. He purchased the land now owned by his son, Dennis, which he cleared from its wild state and here he continued to follow agricultural pursuits until his death, in 1891. His wife, who was a native of County Louth, Ireland, came to this country when she was fourteen years of age, and until her marriage was a resident of New York City. She also passed away in 1891. Dennis P. Halloran was one of a family of six children, and received his education in the district schools of Ellington township, being reared to the life of a farmer. He has always worked on the home farm, which he inherited at the death of his father. He has made a number of improvements on the place, remodeling the residence and erecting new buildings, and he now has one of the valuable tracts of his section. In 1896, Mr. Halloran was married to Elizabeth Laird, who was born in Ellington township, October 23, 1869, a daughter of Edward and Fanny (Hull) Laird. Two children have been born to this union: Julia, born September 14, 1901; and Gertrude, born June 20, 1902. Mr. and Mrs. Halloran are consistent members of the Catholic Church at Stephensville. Mr. Halloran is progressive in his views, and has always been an active supporter of movements that have for their object the betterment of his township or county.

FRANK S. MURPHY, cashier of the Riverside Fiber and Paper Company, one of the leading firms of paper manufacturers of Northern Wisconsin, is a popular resident of Appleton, where he has spent his entire life. Mr. Murphy was born September 2, 1885, in Appleton, and his education was secured in the public and high schools. He began his business career with the firm with which he is now connected, joining their forces in January, 1905, as an office clerk, and being gradually advanced until he reached his present position. He is one of the firm's most trusted employes, and has gained his present position through the force of his own industry and merit. Mr. Murphy is a popular member of the Masons and the Elks. In 1910, he was united in marriage with Miss Mabel Dean, of Appleton.

JOHN C. BOLDT, who is now the owner of a well-cultivated farm of sixty-two acres, located in Grand Chute township, is one of Outagamie county's self-made men, having started in life in humble circumstances and won success through hard, persevering labor. He was born at Menasha, Wisconsin, January 6, 1864, and is a son of Christian and Christina (Weaver) Boldt, the former born in Mecklenberg, Germany, in March, 1801, and the latter in Frankfort, Germany, February 18, 1827. John C. Boldt was married first in Germany, and on coming to this country located in Milwaukee for one year, after which he came to Greenville township, Outagamie county, to live with the daughter born to his first marriage, Sophia, who had married Henry Everett, and is now a widow of Clayton township. Later he was married to Christina Weaver, who bore him one child, John C. After his second marriage, Mr. Boldt located in Grand Chute township, where he continued to reside up to the time of his death; about 1890, with the exception of a short time spent in Menasha. His widow passed away in 1904. John C. Boldt attended district school No. 4 in Grand Chute township until he had reached the age of thirteen years, at which time he was compelled to give up his studies in order to go to work to help support his parents. For three years he worked among the farmers of the neighborhood, and at the end of this time had saved fifty dollars, which he paid down as first payment on a farm of ten acres, which is a part of his present property. He started to cultivate this farm when he could spare time from working for others, and during seventeen winters was employed at cutting cordwood, and soon added thirty-six acres to his original purchase. In the meantime he had married, and when his children had grown large enough to take care of the duties on the home farm he began working at the mason's trade during the summer months, and this he has continued to the present time. Mr. Boldt's farm now contains sixty-two acres of land, all finely cultivated, well fenced and equipped with modern, substantial buildings, and he successfully carries on a general line of farming and stock raising. Mr. Boldt's success in life has been entirely due to his own efforts, and he now stands as a notable example of what may be accomplished by a man who has natural ability and a determination to succeed.

On June 11, 1886, Mr. Boldt was married to Sophia Schumaker, who was born in Mecklenberg, Germany, November 19, 1867, daughter of John and Louisa (Shrauder) Schumaker, natives of that place, where the father was born May 5, 1833, and the mother in April, 1836. They came to America about 1882 and located in Grand Chute township where Mr. Schumaker carried on farming until his retirement, and he now lives in Appleton. Mrs. Schumaker died in 1907, having been the mother of six children, as follows: Louisa, who married Charles Hearling, of Center township; Charles, a resident of Center township; John, living in Ellington township; Dora, who is deceased; Sophia, who married Mr. Boldt; and Lena, who married Joseph Horner, a butcher of Appleton. Mr. and Mrs. Boldt have had eight children, namely: Edward, Ida, Rudolph, Daniel, Florence and Pearl, and two who died in infancy. The family is connected with the Evangelical Church at Appleton. In political matters Mr. Boldt is an independent Republican, and he has never aspired to public office.

DANIEL L. SCHULZE, who ranks among the prosperous agriculturists of Greenville township, Outagamie county, was born January 8, 1853, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, a son of Daniel and Henrietta Schulze, old settlers and large land holders of Greenville township. Daniel Schulze was born in Brandenburg, Germany, December 25, 1805, and his wife in Saxony, May 13, 1816, and they came to America in 1846, locating in Milwaukee for about seven years, and then coming to Outagamie county and settling on a farm in Greenville township, a wild tract on section 3, where the only building was a rude log shack in which the family lived. Mr. Schulze was of a very industrious nature, however, and after spending some time at wood chopping, for which he received two shillings per day, he settled down to clear up his land, and soon had a comfortable home for himself and family. He added to his land holdings from time to time, and at one period was the owner of 460 acres of some of the best land in Greenville township, and here he died October 16, 1880. His first wife had died, leaving him two children, and by his second wife, a widow, Mrs. Henrietta Schmidt, he had four children, namely: August, who is deceased; Daniel L.; Robert, a farmer of Greenville township; and Frank, who is a retired resident of Appleton. Daniel L. Schulze attended school in Greenville township, and at the age of twenty-three years bought a farm from his father in Ellington township, where he resided about eighteen years. He then sold out and purchased the farm which he now owns, an excellent tract of 120 acres, on which he carries on general farming and also raises some stock for his own use. He is known as a hard-working, thrifty and practical agriculturist, and as a public-spirited and representative citizen. He is a Republican in his political affiliations, but has never aspired to office. On. February 18, 1878, Mr. Schulze was married to Louisa Becker, who was born in Greenville township, Outagamie county, April 28, 1856, daughter of Frederick and Mary (Nieman) Becker, natives of Germany. Frederick Becker was born in Mecklenberg, March 27, 1816, and in 1854 came to the United States, locating at once in Outagamie county, where he operated a farm until his death, February 17, 1893, his wife having passed away in 1858. They were the parents of nine children, of whom four are still living: Frederick, a retired farmer of Appleton; Henry, who is engaged in farming in Greenville township; Louis, who is retired and lives in Appleton; and Mrs. Schulze. Mr. and Mrs. Schulze have had eleven children, as follows: Frederick, born December 28, 1876, residing near Antigo, a farmer; Emil, born September 25, 1878, a carpenter, residing at home; Elsa, born May 25, 1880, wife of Charles Eggert, a farmer of Grand Chute township; Julia, born July 12, 1883, and Alvin, born May 24, 1886, single and residing at home; Bernhart, born March 23, 1888, who died August 3, 1895; and John, born April 16, 1890; Louisa, born May 20, 1891; Caroline, born August 9, 1893; Edward, born August 21, 1896, and Daniel, born October 6, 1898, all single and residing at home.

THOMAS KELLY, a progressive agriculturist and public-spirited citizen of Ellington township, deserves more than passing mention for the part he has taken in the advancement of his community, not only as a developer of land, but as the originator of movements that have proved of inestimable value to his township. He is a son of Richard Kelly, a native of County Louth, Ireland, who came to this country as a young man, shortly after his marriage, and settled in Orange county, New York, where he worked for ten or twelve years. He came to Outagamie county, Wisconsin, in 1856, and bought land in Ellington township when this section was covered with heavy timber, building a log cabin in which the family lived for several years. The remainder of his life was spent on this farm, and his death occurred here in 1903. He was married in Ireland to Ann Newcomb, who died in 1891, and they had a family of ten children. Thomas Kelly was born February 17, 1850, in Orange county, New York, and he received his education in the schools of his neighborhood, although, to use his own words, he was "often detained at home to chop wood, and has been chopping ever since." He continued to remain with his parents until the spring of 1879, at which time he moved to his present home, which had been purchased by his father some time before. In the fall of that year Mr. Kelly was married to Mary A. Gartlin, born in Orange county, New York, daughter of Patrick and Katherine (Farl) Gartlin, natives of Ireland, and to this union there were born five children: Frank, who died at the age of twenty-three years; and Thomas L., George, Mary and Catherine. Mr. and Mrs. Kelly are members of the Catholic church at Stephensville. Mr. Kelly was clerk of the township for eighteen years and supervisor four years, and was then elected township chairman, and while acting in this capacity he advocated the building of stone bridges in Ellington township, backing up his idea with such force as to practically compel the township officials to have this work done. In recognition of his excellent services in this capacity, he was nominated for the Legislature on the Democratic ticket of 1910, but owing to political conditions in this section at that time he met with defeat. His farming duties have demanded the greater part of his attention, but he has also found time to act as agent for the Farmers' Home Mutual Insurance Company, an organization made up of farmers of Ellington and the surrounding townships.

WILLIAM PETERS, who is now engaged in cultivating a fine farm in Greenville township, also devotes a part of his time to the mason's trade, at which he worked steadily in this section for a number of years. He was born January 20, 1863, in Niagara county, New York, a son of Fred and Fredericka (Schroeder) Peters, natives of Mecklenburg, where the former was born May 7, 1830, and the latter June 3, 1837. Fred Peters spent three years in the German army, and after his marriage came to the United States in 1860, locating near Buffalo, New York. In his native country, Mr. Peters had been a shepherd, and his small savings had been completely used up in making the trip to the new country, his cash possessions on landing here amounting to fifty cents. However, he was willing to work at anything that offered itself, and soon had accumulated enough to bring the family to Milwaukee, in which city they settled in 1865, on the day of the assassination of President Lincoln. They went thence after a short period to Appleton, where Mr. Peters purchased a farm of forty acres in Center township, and the remainder of his life was spent in farming, his holdings at the time of his death, in 1897, being 140 acres of excellent farming land. Mrs. Peters survived her husband until 1909, when she passed away. William Peters was the eldest of a family of nine children, and he attended school in Center township, residing at home until seventeen years of age, at which time he went to Kaukauna and learned the trade of mason, following that occupation in the winter until he was twenty-three years old, and working on farms in the summer months. He then began working steadily at his trade, and for eight years was working on government construction work, on the locks at Kaukauna, the county asylum, the Combined Locks paper mill, Patten's paper mill at Kaukauna, and two years' straight work on a job at Manitowoc. After fourteen years' residence in Kaukauna, he came to his farm in Greenville township, where he has been engaged to the present time, although he occasionally does work at his trade. His eighty acres are well cultivated, and he uses modern machinery in his operations, being engaged in general and dairy farming and also in raising good stock. Mr. Peters is a member of the Lutheran Church, and in his political belief is an independent republican. On December 27, 1885, Mr. Peters was married to Henrietta Longlatz, who was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, August 20, 1863, daughter of George and Erbetena (Pry) Longlatz, the former born in Saxony, Germany, June 27, 1830, and died October 27, 1909, and the latter born in Pomerania, Germany, and still resides in Center township. George Longlatz, who was a, farmer throughout his active career, came to the United States at a very early day, and after a short residence in New Jersey came West to Milwaukee, six years later locating in Outagamie county and purchasing a farm of eighty acres in Center township, where he became a prominent farmer and well-known citizen, serving in various township offices. Mrs. Peters was the second of her parents' four children. Mr. and Mrs. Peters have had thirteen children: George, who is engaged in farming in South Dakota; Elizabeth, Arnold, Walter, Irvin and Florence, residing at home; and seven children who died young.

WILLIAM SCHROEDER, a successful and industrious farmer of Ellington township, owning one of the fine properties on Greenville Rural Route No. 16, a tract of 183 1-3 acres, was born October 18, 1871, in Germany, a son of John F. and Minnie (Voss) Schroeder. John F. Schroeder was born in Germany in 1840, and was there married to Minnie Voss, who was born in the Fatherland in 1851. They came to the United States in 1874, settling in Center township, where Mr. Schroeder bought a farm and they resided for eighteen years, then moving to the farm now occupied by their son, William. They continued on the latter until Mr. Schroeder's retirement from active pursuits, since which time they have been living in the city of Appleton. The Center township land was developed from the wilderness, there having been no improvements on the property when the family first located there, but with the assistance of his sons Mr. Schroeder made it into an excellent, fertile farm. The five children of John F. and Minnie Schroeder were as follows: Tilda, who married George Longlatz and died in 1895, leaving a son, Arnold; Emma, who died at the age of twenty-one years; and William, Freda and August. William Schroeder was three years of age when the family came to the United States, and he received his education in the district schools of Center township, being reared on his father's farm, which he helped to clear. At the age of thirty years Mr. Schroeder started out on his own account, first renting his present farm, and later operating land across the road in Greenville township, which he had bought previously. After two years he purchased his father's farm, and he now devotes 183 1-3 acres to general farming and dairy work, also raising well-bred cattle. On October 21, 1896, Mr. Schroeder was married to Mary Moss, daughter of John and Minnie Moss, of Osborn township, who originally came from the Fatherland. Five children have been born to this union: Harry, Victor, Loretta, Carl and Viola. Mr. and Mrs. Schroeder are members of the German Lutheran Church of Ellington. He is a member of the Path Finders. In all movements that are calculated to be of benefit to his community Mr. Schroeder has taken a prominent part, and as a farmer and citizen is held in high esteem by his fellow townsmen.

JOHN GILLESPIE, a well-known citizen of Grand Chute township who is engaged in cattle raising, is a native of Ireland, having been born in County Antrim, February 22, 1868, a son of Alexander and Jane (Warwick) Gillespie, farming people of the Emerald Isle who never came to the United States. Both are now deceased. Mr. Gillespie was the next to the youngest of his parents' eight children, and he attended school in Ireland until he was about twelve years of age, although one year before this he had engaged in working for his board. He had just passed his thirteenth birthday when he came to America with his brothers and sisters, and he went to school for two years in Ellington, to Dr. Kenovan. After he had completed his educational training he went to work for James Laird, an uncle, as a farm hand, continuing with him six months and then becoming a milk wagon driver, which he continued to follow for about seven years for various dairymen of the vicinity of Appleton. He next secured the position of bus driver for the Sherman House, working for Mr. Wright until he was married, at which time he located on his present farm, which he had purchased two years before. He has forty-two acres of land, operated in a general way, although during the last few years he has given up his dairy and Holstein cattle business, on account of being incapacitated by rheumatism, and is now engaged in feeding cattle for the market. He is giving all of his time and attention to the farm, and has never found time to actively engage in politics, although he has served as school clerk, to which office he was elected as an independent candidate. In national matters he votes with the republican party. Mr. Gillespie is not a member of any religious denomination, although he was reared in the Presbyterian faith.

On April 25, 1894, Mr. Gillespie was united in marriage with Miss Lulu Ethel Taylor, who was born in Grand Chute township, January 13, 1870, daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Bowe) Taylor, natives of England, where they were married about 1856. They came to America three months after marriage, and located at Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, where Mr. Taylor engaged in farming, although he was a mason by trade and had followed that occupation in England. One year later the family came to Appleton, and located on a property which is still known as the old Taylor homestead, and here they spent the remainder of their lives. They were the parents of nine children, and Mrs. Gillespie was the next to the youngest. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Gillespie, namely: Mary Christasel, born September 10, 1895; Leland Andrew, born December 2, 1899; Stanley Alexander, born July 17, 1903; and Helen Ethel, born June 13, 1906.

JOHN STUCKART, one of the substantial citizens of Seymour, Wisconsin, who is proprietor of the Seymour Bottling Works, is a native of Germany, born in Prussia, January 24, 1863, a son of Nicholas and Maggie (Wachter) Stuckart, natives of the Fatherland. Nicholas Stuckart followed the trade of mason throughout his life, and his death occurred in Germany in 1903, when he had reached the age of sixty-eight years. His widow, who still survives, is now seventy-three years of age. Nicholas and Maggie Stuckart had the following children: Anna, John, Regina, Nicholas, Laura, and Christoph.

John Stuckart, who was the only one of the family to come to the United States, secured his early education in Germany, and in 1880, when but seventeen years of age he left the old country to come to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Remaining but a few days, he went out into the country to follow the trade of mason, which he had learned with his father, and he made this his chief occupation during the next three years. At this time he was married, and he settled on a farm, on which he resided until 1886, in which year he came to Seymour township and purchased eighty acres of wild land, on which he erected a log house and later, after he had cultivated the property, built a substantial frame dwelling. Selling this property at a good profit, Mr. Stuckart then purchased a tract of 120 acres, of which 100 were cleared, and resided on this property until, 1905, in which year he removed to the city of Seymour, where, in 1908, he purchased the bottling works of G. G. Munger, which have since been known as the Seymour Bottling Works. Mr. Stuckart has demonstrated that a man by perseverance and hard work may succeed in making a place for hiniself among the substantial men of his section, and he is now recognized as one of the representative citizens of Seymour. His politics are those of the Democratic party, and he has served as a member of the board of supervisors.

In 1884, Mr. Stuckart was united in marriage with Agnes Kern, who was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, a daughter of Andrew Kern, an old settler of Seymour township who is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Stuckart have had seven children, namely: Frank, Mary, Theresa, Nicholas, Walberga, Anna and John.

GEORGE H. PACKARD, a well known business citizen of Appleton, Wisconsin, was born in Plover, Portage county, Wisconsin, September 14, 1878, and is a son of Charles T. and Mary J. (Prouty) Packard, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of New York. Charles T. Packard came to Wisconsin about 1856, and here engaged in the lumber business, which occupied his attention during the remainder of his life. He married Mary J. Prouty, who survives him and resides with her son. They had three children: Frank, Edward and George H. The latter received his early education at Plover, Wisconsin, later attending the State Normal school at Stevens Point, Wisconsin, after leaving which institution he became bookkeeper for D. B. Bailey, in whose employ he continued for two and one-half years. In 1899 he commenced to work for a certain party, in the capacity of shipping clerk, and after five months as bookkeeper was sent on the road. During eight years he had charge of the stock buying, and in 1905 was made manager of the concern, being elected to the office of vice-president during 1910. In 1902 Mr. Packard was married to Anna C. Trettien, of Appleton, daughter of Charles Trettien, and they have had three children. Mr. and Mrs. Packard are consistent members of the Congregational Church. He is a progressive Republican in politics, and is now serving as clerk of the Second District school board. His fraternal connections are with the Masonic fraternity, in which he has reached the Knight Templar degree, the Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. He is well and favorably known in Appleton, and is regarded as one of the substantial business men and representative public-spirited citizens of this city.

NELSON W. WINTERS, one of the old and honored residents of Seymour, Wisconsin, who is now living retired after a long and useful life of business activity, is a veteran of the great Civil War. Mr. Winters was born October 29, 1830, in Canada, and is a son of Henry and Eliza (Perkins) Winters, natives of Vermont, where they were married. Henry Winters went to Canada to devote his attention to lumber interests, but after some years there returned to the United States and located in Ohio, where he engaged in farming for a time and later moved to Washington county, Wisconsin, settling two and one-half miles from Hartford, where his death occurred in his sixty-sixth year, his wife having passed away at the age of fifty-three. Their children were as follows: Susan, Mary Ann, Nelson W., Henry, Clara, Joel, Calvin, Harrison, Corwin and Perry. When the Civil War broke out, this family gave the Union army five good soldiers, the father being a member of a Wisconsin regiment, Joel belonging to the Twelfth Wisconsin Volunteers, Harrison being a member of a Missouri regiment, and Perry and Nelson participating as privates in Wisconsin organizations, Perry dying in the famous Libby Prison.

Nelson W. Winters secured his education in the schools of Ohio and Wisconsin and at the age of nineteen years started out to make his own way in the world. He engaged in farming for one year and then learned the trade of tinner, which he followed for a number of years. At the time of the outbreak of the Civil War he was married and had two children, but this did not deter him from enlisting in his country's service, and he became a member of a regiment of Wisconsin Volunteers, with which he served until he secured his honorable discharge. At this time he returned to Viroqua, Vernon county, Wisconsin, where he had been in business before the war, and resumed his business activities, following the trades of metal worker and tinsmith until his retirement, when he located in Seymour, and here he has since made his home.

Mr. Winters was married (first) to Sarah Lewis, by whom he had two children: Eugene and Cora, who both now reside in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and his second marriage was to Mrs. Maggie Winters, the widow of his brother Joel, who had one child, Perry. On February 7, 1906, Mr. Winters was married a third time, his wife being Mrs. Anna Castona, the widow of Henry Castona, a native of Janesville, Wisconsin, who died at the age of forty-nine years. Mrs. Winters was a daughter of Hans and Catherine Peters, natives of Germany, where Mr. Peters died at the age of thirty-nine years. Mrs. Peters then married John Rothman, and they came to the United States with the children of Mrs. Rothman's first marriage, namely: George, John, Hans and Anna. There was also an infant who died in Germany. Mr. and Mrs. Rothman had three children: Phoebe, who is deceased; Mary, of Menasha, Winnebago county, Wisconsin; and Catherine, who married a Mr. Tage of Cicreo township, Outagamie county. Mrs. Rothman died in 1898 at the age of seventy- five years, and her husband passed away in Outagamie county.

EDWARD L. HASSINGER, the proprietor of a large poultry farm in Greenville township, is a native Wisconsinian, having been born in Newburg, Washington county, July 22, 1863, a son of Adam and Frances (Starch) Hassinger. Adam Hassinger was born in Hessen, Germany, February 8, 1833, and died February 6, 1911, while his wife was born in Austria, July 25, 1837, and still survives. Mr. Hassinger came to the United States when about twenty-two years of age, and came immediately to Milwaukee, where he followed the trade of butcher until coming to Greenville township in 1898, with the exception of one and one-half years spent at Newburg. He spent the remainder of his life in agricultural pursuits on the farm now operated by his son Edward L. Edward L. Hassinger was the oldest of the nine children born to his parents and he attended school in Milwaukee, after leaving which he learned the trade of butcher with his father, and was engaged in that business in Milwaukee until 1893. In that year he rented his father-in-law's farm, on which he remained five years, at the end of that time coming to the farm which he now conducts, a tract of sixty acres, which he devotes largely to poultry raising, making a specialty of Rhode Island Reds and Wyandotte, and marketing his product in Appleton. Mr. Hassinger was married December 26, 1888, to Elizabeth Krueger, who was born in Milwaukee county, Granville township, July 20, 1867, daughter of Albert and Ernestina (---------- ) Krueger, natives of Germany and early settlers of Milwaukee county, having located here when the Indians were still plentiful in this part of the country. Mr. Krueger is deceased, but his widow still survives him. Six children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hassinger, namely: Lillian, born February 25, 1889, wife of Augusta Winter, a fireman of Minneapolis; Edward, born July 25, 1890; Rose, born October 7, 1891; Laura, born September 15, 1893; Harry, born November 8, 1896; and Roland, born July 26, 1897, all living at home. Mr. Hassinger is independent in his political views.

HERMAN CARL KERWAEK, engaged in farming eighty acres of fine land in Grand Chute township, is one of the representative citizens of this section, and was born in Sadlen, near Stolp, Pomerania, Germany, April 28, 1862, a son of Martin and Anna (Kerwaek) Kerwaek, natives of the Fatherland. The father, who was always engaged in farming, died in the old country in 1868, while his widow is still surviving. They had seven children, as follows: William, residing in Seymour township, Outagamie county; Wilhelmina, Augusta, August, Hannie and Albert, who are living in Germany; and Herman Carl. Herman C. Kerwaek attended the public schools of his native place, and at the age of sixteen years started to learn the carpenter trade at Kolp. He worked in the city during the winter months and at home in the summers until he was nineteen years, at which time he came to America and made his way directly to Seymour, where his brother, William, resided. During the summers he worked on his brother's threshing outfit, and in the winter months he chopped wood for the charcoal kilns and hauled logs, but eventually secured work at his trade in Appleton, where he worked for one year. He then was engaged in railroad and factory work until his marriage, at which time he located in Center township, on his wife's old home which he, had purchased, but a short time thereafter moved back to Appleton and engaged in work for his brother-in-law, John Speaker, for about one year. He then spent a year in the employ of the Northwestern Railroad, at the end of which time he bought the farm which he now owns, a tract of eighty acres in Grand Chute township, on which he carries on general farming and raises cattle, horses and hogs. He has made many improvements to his property, and now has one of the neat-appearing and highly productive farms of this section. Mr. Kerwaek is a member of the Lutheran Church and in political matters is a republican.

Mr. Kerwaek was married July 24, 1887, to Louisa Gonka, who was born in Center township, March 30, 1838, daughter of Henry and Louisa (Purat) Gonka, the former born in Mecklenburg and the latter in Hanover, Germany. They were married in Germany and came to the United States at an early date, locating near Hartford, Waukesha county, Wisconsin, where they resided some years. After leaving that section they came to Center township, Outagamie county, locating on a farm, and there they resided until recently, when they removed to Appleton. Later they returned to the old homestead, where Mr. Gonka died in 1881, his widow surviving until February 11, 1907, when she passed away. Mrs. Gonka had been married previously to her union with Mr. Gonka, and by her first marriage had two children: Fred Jense, a retired citizen of Appleton; and William, a veteran of the Civil War, who is now retired and living on a comfortable pension at Waupaca, Wisconsin. Mr. and Mrs. Gonka had five children: Mary, who is deceased; Hannie, who is the wife of John Speaker; Carrie, who married August Speaker, a real estate agent of Abrams; Bertha, the wife of Fred Peslein, a retired railroad man; and Mrs. Kerwaek. Mr. and Mrs. Kerwaek have had three children: Albert, born March 15, 1888, residing at home; Ella, born September 29, 1889, wife of Leonard Siebold, connected with the Graff Manufacturing Company of Appleton; and Martha, born February 21, 1891, who lives at home.

FREDERICK SCHULTZ, who has been engaged in agricultural pursuits in Grand Chute township for nearly a quarter of a century, is now the owner of a finely improved farm of forty acres. He is a native of Germany, being born at Bromberg, December 13, 1849, a son of Frederick and Anna (Malone) Schultz, natives of the Fatherland. Frederick Schultz the father was a limeburner by trade, and spent his life in Germany, where he died at the age of forty-five years, and his widow came to the United States in 1873, but after one year returned to the old country, where her death occurred when she was sixty years old. They were the parents of four children: Mena, who is deceased; Amelia, a widow, residing in the old country; Othelia, who died in Milwaukee, and Frederick. Mr. Schultz received his education in the schools of Germany, and was fourteen years of age when he started to work. His first employment was as a shepherd, and he followed that occupation until he was twenty-two years old, at which time he entered the German army, but after six months received his discharge on account of an injury which he had received during a cyclone some years before. Mr. Schultz came to America in 1873, landing at New York City, from whence he came direct to Milwaukee, there learning the tinner's trade, an occupation which he followed seven years. He then went to Lincoln, Minnesota, near the line of the Dakotas, where he remained about six months, and at this time came to Appleton, being in exceedingly straightened circumstances when he arrived here. He at once began to work at his trade, which he followed for six years, and at the end of this time had accumulated enough money to enable him to make a payment on his present farm, where he has been operating ever since. By persevering labor he has developed one of the good farms of his township, and he is esteemed as a self-made man and good citizen by all who know him. He has thoroughly equipped his farm with good buildings and power machinery, and the entire forty acres are inclosed in fence. Mr. Schultz has given all of his attention to his farm, and has found no time to engage either in other pursuits or in public matters.

On March 23, 1873, Mr. Schultz was married to Gertie Kleseter, who was born in Ganter Gust, Germany, September 20, 1847, daughter of Frederick and Anna (--------------) Kleseter, natives of Germany, where they spent their lives. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Schultz, namely: Gustave, born January 30, 1876, a mason contractor of Appleton; Richard, born November 7, 1877, who died in April, 1878; Anna, born December 27, 1880, who married Frank Kohl, a farmer of Grand Chute township; Herman, born February 8, 1882, a carpenter contractor of Appleton; and Ernst, born February 13, 1886, who is single and resides at home.

DANIEL LEAHY, a prosperous agriculturist and one of the highly esteemed residents of Greenville township, who is engaged in cultivating 160 acres of land, of which he is the owner of eighty acres, was born at Waukesha, Wisconsin, November 1, 1853, and is a son of Daniel and Margaret (Kehoe) Leahy, natives of County Cork, Ireland. The family came to the United States in 1850, and after spending about three months in New York City, moved to Greenfield, Milwaukee county, Wisconsin, where Mr. Leahy worked for other people. He eventually went to Waukesha, Wisconsin, where he purchased a home and continued to work for others, and in 1860 came to Greenville township, and bought the present farm of his son Daniel, where he spent the balance of his life, his death occurring in 1895. His wife passed away about fifteen years before. They were the parents of nine children, namely: Katherine, the widow of Michael Woods; Margaret, the wife of Bernhart Cavenaugh, residing near Appleton Junction; John, who is deceased; Bridget, single, who makes her home with her brother Daniel; William, deceased; Michael, who is also dead; Daniel; and Timothy and Mary, both deceased. Daniel Leahy attended school in Greenville township, and has always resided on the old homestead farm with the exception of seven winters when he went to Northern Wisconsin and worked in the woods, continuing this from the age of twenty years until he was twenty-seven. He spent the summer months, however, in work on the home farm, and during the fall operated a threshing outfit, thus keeping himself continuously occupied. For the past few years, however, he has devoted his entire attention to the farm, his operations having grown to such an extent that he finds little time for other activities. In his political preferences he is a Democrat, but outside of taking an active interest in local affairs, he has not been identified closely with public matters. He attends St. Mary's Roman Catholic church, at Appleton, of which his sister, Bridget, who keeps house for him, is also a faithful member. Mr. Leahy has never married.

ANTON HOIER, who has been a lifelong resident of Ellington township, Outagamie county, and is now engaged in cultivating the soil of a fine general and dairy farm, was born June 17, 1866, in Ellington township, and is a son of Frank Joseph and Catherine Hoier, natives of Germany who came to the United States with their six children, settling at once in Ellington township, where both spent the remainder of their lives, Mr. Hoier passing away in 1887 and his wife in 1905. They had two other children after locating in the United States, of whom one was Anton, and he received his education in the district schools in the neighborhood of his father's farm. As soon as he was able to do his share of the work on the home place, he began to assist his father, spending his spare time in attendance at school and gaining a good, practical education. As a youth and young man he worked for his father, and when the latter's health failed, the management of the home place fell to the lot of young Hoier, who purchased the property in 1903. Since that time he has made numerous improvements, including the erection of a good, comfortable modern residence, in which he lives with his youngest sister, Matilda, who keeps house for him, Mr. Hoier being unmarried. He has carried on general farming and dairy work, and his operations have been so successful as to stamp him as one of the able agriculturists of this section. He is a good neighbor and a public spirited citizen, and has the confidence, esteem and friendship of his fellow townsmen.

JOHN SCHNEIDER, one of the old and honored residents of Appleton, Wisconsin, now living retired, was for a number of years engaged in agricultural pursuits in Grand Chute township, and is now the owner of a valuable farm situated within the city limits of Appleton. He was born in the Province of Rhine, Germany, November 1, 1834, a son of Bernhardt and Mary (Traisen) Schneider. The parents of Mr. Schneider, who were also natives of the Fatherland, came to the United States in 1854, on July 13th of which year they settled in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where Mr. Schneider found employment at the trade of carpenter. Later the family moved to Lake township, settling on a small farm, and eventually came to Appleton, and Mr. Schneider's death occurred at the home of his daughter in Center township, his wife having passed away in 1855 in Milwaukee. John Schneider was the seventh of his parents' ten children, and he secured his education in the public schools of Germany. He was nearly twenty years of age when the family came to the United States, and his first employment was at weaving in a Manitowoc factory. Later, at the age of twenty-three years, he took up carpentering as a vocation, and for ten years worked at that trade in Milwaukee, but eventually went to Washington county, where he engaged in the hoop and stave business, furnishing hoops for the breweries. He then came to Appleton, where he followed the business until 1885, and in that year bought the thirty-eight acre farm on which he now resides, although he is retired from active life, his son doing the active work around the farm. This property, which is very valuable, being located inside the city limits, is equipped with a full quota of buildings, all of a solid, substantial and modern nature, and here Mr. Schneider intends to spend the remainder of his life. In addition he owns one of the city livery barns, located on Superior street, south of College avenue. Fraternally he is connected with the Odd Fellows, and in politics he is a Republican, although he has never aspired to office. He was reared in the faith of the Catholic church, but is not now connected with any denomination, although any worthy cause can count upon his support.

On August 5, 1871, Mr. Schneider was married to Amelia Michler, born September 23, 1849, in Oelkmark, Prussia, daughter of Gottfried and Maria (Bull) Michler, natives of that place. Mr. and Mrs. Michler came to America in 1853, locating first at Manitowoc, Wisconsin, and later removing to Sheboygan, where Mr. Michler died in 1886, his wife having passed away n 1865. They had six children, of whom Mrs. Schneider was the third. Mr. and Mrs. Schneider had a family of eight children; John, born July 22, 1872, engaging in the hardware business at Two Rivers, Wisconsin; William, born July 22, 1875, who is connected with the feed business in Appleton; Frederick, born December 21, 1877, who died June 7, 1901; Katherine, born October 19, 1879, who is single and resides at home; Mildred, born April 1, 1882, who is single and a teacher in the high school at Galesville, Wisconsin; George, born March 1, 1884, who is a bookkeeper for a lumber company; Frank, born October 13, 1886, attending to the duties of the home farm; and Andrew, born February 13, 1889, who is attending college at Appleton.

CHARLES HEUBNER, who ranks high among the agriculturists of Ellington township, has been engaged to some extent in public affairs and is now serving as school clerk and treasurer of his township. He is a son of John Heubner, who came from Germany to the United States in 1852, stopping at Milwaukee for two years, where he worked by the day. He was married there to Fredericka Harback, who was born in Germany and came to this country after her father's death, with her mother, Johanna Harback, who died in Waupaca county. After leaving Milwaukee, John Heubner went to Winnebago county, where he homesteaded a farm for three years, later selling it and buying land which became the old homestead. He served in Company E,------------------------ Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry during the War of the Rebellion, at the close of which he received an honorable discharge. During the last one and one-half years he has been a resident of the Soldiers' Home, at Milwaukee, being eighty-four years of age, while his wife, who is seventy-nine years old, is still a resident of the old homestead. Charles Heubner was one of thirteen children, and was born Februarv 6, 1862, on the old home place in Waupaca county, receiving his education in the district schools of that neighborhood, at such times when he could be spared from his farm duties. His last school term was when he was sixteen years old, and the age of eighteen years found him learning the trade of carpenter, which he followed until he reached his majority. In 1883 he was married to Anna Levine, daughter of August and Sophia (Danke) Levine, who lived in Waupaca and Outagamie counties and died in 1873. They came from Germany during the '50s, and spent their lives in agricultural pursuits. At the time of his marriage, Mr. Huebner purchased the property which he is now operating, although at the time of its purchase it was uncultivated and did not reach the acreage of which it now boasts. In addition to adding to his property from time to time and clearing and putting it under cultivation, Mr. Heubner has erected new buildings and repaired the old, and stocked his farm with first class machinery and appurtenances and supplied it with good stock. In 1890 Mr. Heubner was elected school clerk and served three years in that office, and he is now the incumbent of that position by virtue of his election in 1909, and also served as assessor, being chosen for that office in 1911. He and Mrs. Heubner are members of the German Lutheran church, of Hortonia, and have been the parents of twelve children: Anna, who married Henry Lippert; Charles, who learned the carpenter's trade and cement work, but makes his home with his parents, and Robert, Alma, Allis, Henry, Minnie, Fred, Arthur, Delia and Dalia, twins, and Helen, all at home.

WALTER BEAN, who is carrying on an extensive business in Seymour, Wisconsin, as proprietor of the Seymour Valley Cheese Factory, is a son of Solomon and Harriet Thorpe (Brunette) Bean. Solomon Bean was born March 4, 1839, in Clyde, St. Clair county, Michigan, a son of Richard and Mary (Laucar) Bean. On August 1, 1861, Solomon Bean enrolled as a soldier at Port Huron, Michigan, becoming a member of Company K, Second Michigan Cavalry, assigned to the department of Northern Missouri under General Pope. During the following spring the company was brigaded into the Third Michigan Cavalry, under General Gordon Granger, and saw active service at Island No. 10, Monterey, Boonville, Block Island and Baldwin. On October 20, 1882, Mr. Bean received his honorable discharge on account of disability, and returned to his home. By profession a carpenter and mechanic, Mr. Bean during the '60s built some of the first houses in Shiocton and Seymour, Wisconsin, but it was not until 1883 that he located in Seymour to reside permanently, and here his death occurred. Mrs. Bean died May 24, 1893, aged fifty-four years. They were married December 8, 1864, she being the widow of James R. Thorpe, who was the youngest son of Sir Thorpe of England and who came to Green Bay from Philadelphia to buy some of the first land in this section. He enlisted for service during the Civl War, and was killed while on garrison duty at Philadelphia. Mrs. Bean was a daughter of Prudent Brunette, the first settler of Green Bay, who took part in the hostilities between the whites and the Chippewa Indians. She had four children by her marriage with Mr Thorpe, namely: John, Mrs. M. S. Parner, Mrs. John R. Shepherd and Richard. Seven children were born to Solomon and Harriet Bean, namely: George; Carrie, who married Thomas Shier; Walter, Herbert, Myrtle, Harriet and Claud.

Walter Bean secured his education in the graded and high schools of Seymour, and when he was fifteen years old began working at the butcher trade for Albert Kuehne, with whom he continued until he was twenty years of age. As his father had been a soldier in the Civil War and his grandfather, Richard Bean, a soldier during the War of 1812 and the Blackhawk War, it was only natural that during the Spanish-American War young Bean should enlist under his country's flag, and he became a member of a well-known company of Wisconsin Volunteers, enlisting at Green Bay, Wisconsin, and serving nine months. On his return to Seymour he learned the trade of cheesemaking and in 1911 he purchased the Seymour Valley Cheese Factory, which has a capacity of 8,000 pounds. Mr. Bean was born July 8, 1877, and on January 4, 1907, he was married to Mary Agnes Beaulitte, who was born April 12, 1885, at Cochrane, Wisconsin, and to this union there have been born two children: Richard, born February 1, 1909, and Margaret, born December 28, 1910.

FRANK SIMEON SPENCER, a well-known resident and practical farmer of Grand Chute township, who is carrying on general operations on a tract of forty acres, was born April 24, 1852, in County Russell, Canada, a son of Blanchard and Eliza (Smith) Spencer. The parents of Mr. Spencer were natives of Vermont, where the father was born October 3, 1825, and the mother August 16, 1828. Early in life Blanchard Spencer commenced working in the Canadian lumber camps, but in 1854 he came to Wisconsin, locating on a tract of wild land in Outagamie county, and continued to farm in Grand Chute township until February 25, 1869, when he met an accidental death, when a log fell upon him. His wife had passed away in 1853. Mr. Spencer had become well known and highly esteemed during his residence in this section, and served in various township offices and as chairman of the town board. Frank Simeon Spencer received his education in the schools of Grand Chute township and Shiocton, and was seventeen years old at the time of his father's death., He continued to live on the farm for about two years, and then rented it until going to work in the woods, where he was employed until 1875, and in this year purchased the forty-acre tract just adjoining the old family homestead, and here he has continued to live to the present time. He carries on truck and general farming, in addition to dairying, and his hard and persistent labor has brought a gratifying success. He is connected with the E. F. U., and is a Republican in politics, having served for eighteen years as school treasurer of Grand Chute township.

On November 10, 1875, Mr. Spencer was married (first) to Martha Finkel, who was born in Canada and died in 1886, leaving no children. On July 24, 1888, he was married to Miss Olive Rexford, who was born at Shiocton, Outagamie county, May 18, 1862, daughter of Sanford and Mary (Downes) Rexford, the former born November 19, 1834, at Johnsburg, Warren county, New York, and the latter August 5, 1834, at Hartford, New York. Mr. Rexford, who was always a farmer, came to Wisconsin in 1855, and located at Shiocton, buying a farm in Ellington township on which he resided until 1857, at which time he bought the farm that was later known as Rexford's Corners. He lived there the balance of his life, his death occurring January 21, 1889, while his widow survived him eleven years, passing away February 11, 1900. She was married January 29, 1891, to Silas R. Merrill, a retired resident of Neenah. By her first marriage she had three children: Harvey S., a farmer of Shiocton; Olive, who married Mr. Spencer, and Elmer, who is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have been the parents of three children, namely: Blanche Mary, born May 27, 1890, who married Harry T. Ogilvie, a real estate agent of Madison; Frank E., born May 13, 1893, residing at home, and Rexford L., born April 26, 1895, who is attending the Appleton high school.

JACOB FRED WASSERBACH, the owner of sixty acres of well-cultivated land in Grand Chute township, on which he is engaged in dairy farming, was born October 30, 1871, in Wittenberg, Germany, and is a son of George and Mary (Breith) Wasserbach. The parents of Mr. Wasserbach, both natives of the Fatherland, came to America in 1882, and located at Algoma, Kewaunee county, Wisconsin, where Mr. Wasserbach was engaged in shoemaking until his retirement a few years ago, though he is now living retired. His wife died in February 23, 1898, having been the mother of nine children, of whom Jacob Fred was the eldest. He attended the schools of Germany and after coming to America received schooling at Algoma until he was seventeen years old, at which time he began sailing on the Great Lakes and Green Bay. After spending three years as a sailor, he began working in a Milwaukee shoe factory, but after one year went to Algoma, and during the two years that followed he was engaged in farming and other occupations. Seven years were spent on a dredge boat in the employ of the United States Government, but he eventually returned to Algoma, and after three years there came to Grand Chute township and bought a twenty-acre farm. After four years he sold this property and moved to his present location, three and one-half miles west of the city limits of Appleton, where he has a fine farm of sixty acres, devoted to dairy farming. He has always been a hard and faithful worker, and the success that he has achieved is but the just reward of conscientious effort well directed. He has always taken an interest in affairs pertaining to the we