The children of Dr. and Mrs. Tanner are: Kenneth Boyd Tanner, born July 20, 1883, a graduate of the University of Wisconsin and now residing in Mexico; Blanche Lawe Tanner, born January 25, 1885, a graduate of Milwaukee Downer College in 1905, and in 1911, a student in Columbia University, New York City; Harold Ford Tanner, born November 24, 1887, a student in U. W. 1907-08, married Zula Grey in 1909, and has one son, born December 6, 1910, named Herbert Battles Tanner, Jr., now living in Texas; Herbert Johnson Tanner, born March 17, 1894, now a student in Pennington Seminary, New Jersey. Dr. Tanner is much interested in historical matters, having written a number of historical papers for the local societies as well as one recently published in the Kaukauna "Times," on the names of the streets of Kaukauna; he has a large collection of documents pertaining to the early local history of the state to which he is adding as opportunity offers. Dr. Tanner, for many years, has been one of the foremost men of Outagamie county. He was an able physician when devoting himself to his profession. He is a forceful writer, a keen student of public events, and a loyal friend and neighbor.

ALEX. ZENIER, pianist, organist, teacher, director and critic. Coming to Appleton a very young man in 1885 to teach piano at Lawrence College, conduct a chorus at the same institution, and act as organist and director of music at the M. E. Church, Mr. Zenier has been a most conspicuous figure in the advancement of the cause of music not only in Appleton but throughout the state as well, for his influence has been far-reaching, and what he has accomplished is a matter of history. He was instrumental in organizing the Mendelssohn Club in 1885, which was the first choral society formed here for the study of oratorios, taking up such works as The Messiah, Creation, Elijah, Hymn of Praise, etc.Mr. G. G. Freeman was director of the Club for a number of years, and the membership included such names as W. A. Clark, W. B. Murphy, Chas. W. Mory, Chas. Greenfield, Geo. Verity, B. T. Rogers, Jr., E. P. Humphrey, Fred Wheeler, Mr. and Mrs. Max Meyer, Mrs. Foye, Mrs. Bacon, Mrs. McGillan, Mrs. Stowell, the Misses Whorton, Graham, Babcock, Mead, McGillan, etc. It was by the invitation of this organization that the Wisconsin State Music Teachers' Association met here in 1886, bringing together the principal musicians of the state in a session of several days' duration, and the year following being privileged to participate in an orchestral festival in Milwaukee under the direction of Theodore Thomas. Mr. Zenier severed his connection with the college about this time and returned to New York for continued study with such masters as S. B. Mills, Wm. Mason, Dudley Buck and Frederic Archer. Returning to Appleton in 1890 he opened a studio on College avenue, which has become famous for its many concerts and entertainments, and where have appeared for the first time in this section of the country and in most cases in any city in the state outside of Milwaukee, such artists as Emilio Gogorza, David Bispham, Schumann-Heink, the Kneisel Quartet, George Hamlin, Scharwenka, Rider-Kelsey, Christine Miller, Evan Williams, Gadski, Reed Miller, Glenn Hall, Arthur Hartman, Fannie Bloomfield-Zeisler, Witherspoon, Ernest Hutcheson, Maud Powell, Elsa Ruegger, Olive Mead Quartet, Bruno Steindel, the Dolmetsches, and others too numerous to mention. These concerts (Artists' Recitals) were instituted about the beginning of the new century, and had the backing of such people as Lyman E. Barnes, Bertin Ramsay, H. G. Freeman, Chas. W. Mory, E. P. Humphrey, M. F. Mitchell, Thos. Orbison, A. S. Galpin, Geo. C. Sherman, E. G. Jones, Miss Morgan, Mrs. F. C. Shattuck, Mrs. A. W. Patten, Mrs. Oborn, Mrs. Thos. Patten, the Stansburys, Van Nortwicks, Kimberlys, Smiths, Ullmans and others. Later Mr. Wertheimer became interested, also Mr. Conway, Mr. Utz, Mr. Erb, Mr. Gilbert and Mr. McNaughton, followed by Mr. Rosebush, and still later the younger generation, including Geo. and Chas. Baldwin, Fred F. Wettingel, Dr. H. Schaper, Albert Gilbert, Dr. Brooks, Frank Young, Wm. Hoyt, Mr. Walker, Miss Hartung, Miss Harriet Smith; Miss Buchanan, Miss Thom, Miss Ryan and others, and it would seem as if after all these years of continued success the concerts were now permanently established. This was the pioneer course, and has been copied by others in this vicinity, although differing from many in that its object has been to raise the standard of music with no thought of pecuniary profits. In the public schools Mr. Zenier worked for many years, turning out some excellent singers, readers and teachers. His pupils were also taught harmony, history, theory, and analysis, and with him contributed many volumes to the public library on these subjects. In his piano work he has perhaps been most successful, and many a well known celebrity can thank him for a splendid technical foundation. In 1892 with the co-operation of Miss Ida Graham, Clarence Shepard and A. M. Maeder, all local teachers, Mr. Zenier organized a series of quarterly Historical Recitals, at first, as an experiment to interest the pupils in obtaining a more thorough knowledge of compositions in general than could be crowded into a lesson of a half hour's duration. The interest and enthusiasm in these concerts has steadily increased, and as they are now in their nineteenth year, a liberal education has been handed out free of charge to the pupils and their friends. Many works of all the old masters have been studied and illustrated, including compositions for clavichord, piano, violin, organ and cello, also chamber music, opera, cantata, oratorio, symphony, ensemble music, and the folk songs of various nations. In scanning the programs of these concerts, all of which have been preserved, one finds the names of Theda Clark, Blanche Ullman, Martha and Mary Van Nortwick, Edith and Edna Beveridge, Clara Hartung, Winifred Willson, Nellie West, Laura Erb, Alice Barnes, Hallie and Ethel Ramsay, Emma Patten, Georgia Hall, Ann Thomas, Madge Hoyt, Dora Heyman, Florence Brown, Gertrude Creedon, Edward and John Schlosser, Herbert and Wm. Harwood, Dr. C. E. Schmidt, Carl Schneider, Geo. H. Schmidt, Edward Hilfert, Morris Wilson, Arthur Shattuck, Lyman E. Barnes, Mr. and Mrs. Ledyard Smith, Mrs. Ramsey, Mrs. Wertheimer, Mrs. Oborn, Mrs. Voecks, Mrs. Clinedinst and many others--some whose names are now hardly more than a memory.

In 1909 the Philharmonic Society was organized with a membership of a little less than one hundred and included the principal vocalists of the city. It was the first choral society to take out a charter, and among its officers were Geo. I. Schmidt, its first president; Dr. C. E. Schmidt, vice-president; William W. Houston, secretary; and on the committees Miss Perry, F. F. Wettengel, John Buchanan, Miss Willson, Dr. Brooks, Fred V. Heinemann, Dr. and Mrs. Dohearty, Mrs. Victor Marshall, Mrs. George H. Peerenboom, Louis Kirchner, etc. Mr. Zenier was re-elected director in 1910. The Society has many fine entertainments to its credit, such as the Forty-second Psalm of Mendelssohn, which was given with Miss Vina Shattuck as soloist, Dubois' "Seven Last Words" (two performances), with Miss Willson, Wm. Harwood and Wm. W. Houston as soloists, Rossini's Stabat Mater (three performances), Miss Willson, Mrs. Oborn, Mr. Graber, and Dr. Schmidt in the solo parts; The Holy City with Fred V. Heinemann, the operas of the Chimes of Normandy and Pinafore (each two performances) with large orchestras and stage accessories, and in which operas the young people were given an opportunity to display their talents vocal and histrionic, and in many instances the right to lay claim to being professionals. It is the hope of Mr. Zenier and of many members of the Society that the time is not far distant when the Philharmonics will have a home and hall of their own, equipped with pipe organ, grand piano, library, etc. The Society is not affiliated with any church or school, and welcomes all singers who have good voices and a knowledge of music.

Mr. Zenier's preparation as an organist was most thorough, for besides the teachers already named, he was also a pupil of Widor and Libert in Paris, and did considerable work in composition with Albert Lavignac. He is also a program-maker of no mean ability; in fact there are few musicians who approach him in versatility. Those who know and understand him best are his pupils, for they are his friends and his associates. Many of them are a great credit to his teaching, and when it comes time for him to lay down his work he will be consoled by the thought that his labors have not been in vain. His studio is one of the most attractive in the United States, and has been the wonder and delight of many visiting artists. Maud Powell in sending him an autographed photograph inscribed on it: "To Mr. Alez Zenier, Art Connaisseur and Humorist, Musician and Bon Camarade."

LOUIS C. SCHMIDT, president of the Standard Manufacturing Company, of Appleton, since its organization in 1900, was born October 22, 1853, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, a son of Carl and May Schmidt, who were natives of Germany. The father, a carpenter by trade, came to America in 1850, and located at Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He later moved to Appleton, Outagamie county, and here died. Louis C. Schmidt was educated in the public and private schools, and when a young man entered the cigar and tobacco business which he followed for a period of thirty-five years. The Standard Manufacturing Company was organized in January, 1900, with a capitalization of $40,000. The corporation is at present officered as follows: Louis C. Schmidt, president, R. O. Schmidt, vice-president, George H. Schmidt, secretary, and L. J. Schmidt, treasurer. The company has grown and prospered through the indefatigable efforts of its officials until it has become one of the recognized solid and substantial establishments of the city manufacturing sash, doors and interior wood furnishings, store, office and bank fixtures, show cases, etc. When twenty-one years of age Louis C. Schmidt married Mary Annie Rippel, and to this union five sons and one daughter have been born.

REV. FREDERICK L. RUESSMANN, pastor of Sacred Heart congregation, at Appleton, is a native of the Prussian Province of Westphalia, Germany, his birth occurring September 6, 1864, in the parish of Elspe. His parents were John and Angela (Petz) Ruessmann, the father being a farmer and mining contractor by vocation. The early education of Father Ruessmann was acquired in the German parochial schools, subsequently taking up the study of the classics in a private school and finishing in the gymnasium at Paderborn. In the fall of 1882, he came to America and until the summer of the following year studied the English language in a common country school at Westphalia, Clinton county, Michigan. From the fall of 1884 to the fall of 1885, he studied philosophy in St. Francis Seminary, near Milwaukee, then went to Rome, Italy, where he completed his philosophical and theological training under the direction of Professor Sbaretti, the late Cardinal Lorenzelli, and Cardinal Satolli, in the College of Propaganda. After his ordination, which took place November 1, 1889, he pursued one year more of theological study at the same college, and then had conferred upon him the degree of Licentiate in Theology. Succeeding this Father Ruessmann visited with his parents, then returned to America to engage in missionary work. He pursued his labors at Montague, Pentwater, Hart, Claybanks and Elbridge, in Michigan, and at Eagle River, Portage, Aniwa, Phlox, Mattoon, Norrie, Parrish, Crandon and his present location in Appleton. Father Ruessmann was appointed pastor of Sacred Heart congregation, October 25, 1901, by Bishop Messmer, of Green Bay, and much good has been acconmplished through his able ministration and teachings.

HUMPHREY PIERCE, ex-mayor of Appleton, Wisconsin, who has been prominently identified with the public life of the city for a period covering more than forty years, is a member of an old New England family which originated in England, and members of which participated in the Revolutionary War. The old Pierce home, a stone structure at Joppa, Massachusetts, where the family first settled, is still standing, its loop-holes recalling Colonial days when the early settlers were compelled to repel the attacks of the savages. Humphrey Pierce, the great-grandfather of Humphrey of Appleton, served with his brothers during the Revolutionary War in the Colonial army, and members of the Lord family, with which Mr. Pierce is connected on his mother's side were also participants in that struggle. Charles Pierce, the father of Humphrey Pierce of Appleton, was born August 8, 1801, at South Hampton, New Hampshire, a son of Moses Pierce. He followed the trade of mason contractor at Gorham, Maine, until coming to Illinois in 1845, and there followed farming for a few years near Peoria. He died at Alton, Madison county, Illinois, February 4, 1861, whence he had gone to spend the last years of his life. Charles Pierce married Hipsabeth Lord, who was born in 1801, in New England, of English extraction, and she died near Gorham, Maine, in about 1849, in the faith of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which she and her husband had been members for many years, he serving for a long period as deacon. They were the parents of eight children: Charles, Mary, Henry, Julia, Angelina, Humphrey, Jonathan and Moses, the last named being killed in the battle of Vicksburg during the Civil War. Franklin Pierce, president of the United States from 1853 to 1857, was a cousin of Charles Pierce. After his father's death, in 1861, Humphrey Pierce, who was born February 5, 1847, at Gorham, Maine, came to Appleton, to live with an uncle, John D. Pierce, the latter having settled here in 1849, becoming one of the city's prominent and influential men and an extensive dealer in real estate. After taking a scientific course in Lawrence University, at Appleton, Humphrey Pierce entered Harvard Law school, from which he was graduated in 1866, and in 1868 returned to Appleton and was admitted to the bar. At once entering upon the practice of his profession, Mr. Pierce became one of the shining lights of the Outagamie bar, and in connection with his law practice he became largely interested in the real estate business. His profession naturally led him into politics, and he was elected city attorney, alderman, district attorney in 1872 and 1873, and mayor in 1882 and 1883. In 1882 he was sent to the State Legislature, and while there was a member of the joint committee on Appropriations, Corporations and Charters; was bitterly opposed to the railroad land grant, and made an excellent legislator, having moral courage in his advocacy of the great principles of justice, morality and equal rights. Both for his own high character and his unquestioned ability he commanded the respect of his fellow legislators, and while a member of that body wielded a large influence. On his return he resumed the duties of his profession and his business, and in 1884 was elected a delegate to the State Democratic Convention held at Madison, Wisconsin, and in the spring of 1893, he was again elected to the mayoralty of Appleton. In 1869 Mr. Pierce was married to Emily J. Hauser, daughter of Captain Hauser, who was drowned when his vessel was wrecked on Lake Erie in 1875. Eight children were born to this union; Dudley H., Frederick H., Florence J., Jessie E. and Ella C., twins, Genevieve A., Lawrence R. and Byron W. Mrs. Pierce is a member of the Congregational Church. In his fraternal affiliations, Mr. Pierce is connected with the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Modern Woodmen of America, the National Union and the Royal Arcanum. He is a director in the Citizens National Bank, of Appleton, and is also interested in several manufacturing enterprises.

FRANK CALMES, who conducts the leading implement establishment in Appleton, is a native of Belgium, and was born July 30, 1850, a son of Michael and Annie (Shear) Calmes. Mr. Calmes' parents followed him to this country in 1871, he having come the previous year, and his father bought a farm in Wyoming county, New York, where he spent the remainder of his life, his death occurring in March, 1906. Mrs. Calmes died in 1904, having been the mother of six sons and five daughters, five sons and one daughter now living. Frank Calmes came from New York to Wisconsin in 1886 and located in Appleton, where for a time he conducted a saloon and hotel, but in 1901 he entered his present business and has made it the leading establishment of its kind in the city. He carries a full line of implements and accessories, and his goods may always be counted upon as trustworthy and reliable. In 1874, Mr. Calmes was united in marriage with Mary Miller, who was also born in Belgium, a daughter of Michael Miller, who came to New York during the same year that marked the coming of the Calmes family. Twelve children have been born to this union, namely: Mary, who married Nicholas Kline, a plumber of Grand Chute, Wisconsin; Frank, Jr., who died in 1910; Josephine and Annie, who are deceased; Theodore, a blacksmith of Appleton, working for his father; John, who is conducting the saloon established by his father; Bertha, who is deceased; Lydia, who married Chris Jensen; Fred, who is employed in his father's wagon shop; Edward, who is also employed by his father; Bessie, who is residing at home; and one child that died in infancy. Mr. Calmes and his family are connected with St. Joseph's Catholic Church, and he is a member of the Catholic Knights. His political belief is that of the Democratic party, and he has been active in local affairs for a number of years,

FRANK FRIES, president, manager and stockholder of the Appleton Brewing & Malting Company, and president of the Outagamie County Bank of Appleton, the latter having been recently organized with a capitalization of $50,000, was born in this city in 1856, a son of Michael and Barbara (Kitter) Fries, natives of Germany. The father was born in Luxemburg, of the old country, and in 1852, accompanied by his wife, came to America and Wisconsin, where he continued agricultural pursuits until 1869. That year he bought an interest in a brewery at Appleton, later known as the Star Brewery, with which he was connected until his death in 1876. His widow survived him ten or eleven years. They had a family of three children, as follows: Susan, who married Jacob Kohl; Elizabeth, who married John Kohl; and Frank. Frank Fries received his education in the common schools of his native city, and his early experience in the brewing industry was secured with his father. He was at one time part owner of the Walter Brewery, of Neenah and Menasha, which took the name of Walter Brothers & Fries, and of which he was manager, but disposed of his interests, and from 1891 to 1899 was connected with the Appleton Marble & Granite Works. In December of the latter year he organized the Appleton Brewing & Malting Company, the present officers of the firm being: Frank Fries, president and manager; John Haug, vice-president and brew master; and Nick Dohr, secretary and treasurer. The brewery has an output of 19,000 barrels per year, specializing in "Mellow Brau" and "Prime" beer, and the firm does all of its own bottling, makes its own malt and uses home barley exclusively. The plant employs about twenty men and the product is sold by wagon throughout Appleton and in the country within a radius of twenty miles. Mr. Fries is a Democrat in politics, and is fraternally connected with the Eagles. His religious connection is with St. Joseph's Catholic Church. In 1882 he married Miss Emma Miller, a native of this county, who died in 1883, leaving one daughter, now married and residing in Appleton. Mr. Fries' second marriage was to Johanna Nicholay, of New Holstein, Wisconsin, and the following are the names of the children now living born to this union: John M. and William J., associated with their father in business; Frank and Edward, attending school; Matilda S., who married Frank Kasel, February 22, 1911; Lucia, who married Paul Abendroth in July, 1911; and Alwina, living at home. Mr. Fries is one of the solid, substantial business men of Appleton and a credit to the city he calls his home.

J. D. STEELE was born May 23, 1879, in Appleton, a son of William H. and Zulma (Dorr) Steele, who came from New England to the West in the late '60s. Mr. Steele, the father, was prominent in lumber and manufacturing circles until his return to Vermont, where he engaged in the banking business. J. D. Steele, president :and manager of The Pettibone-Peabody Company, received a public and High school education in Vermont, and for five years was engaged in a manufacturing business in Boston and for three years was in the same line in New York City. In the fall of 1903 he came to Appleton to become superintendent of the Pettibone-Peabody store, a position he held until his election to his present one. In February, 1910, Mr. Steele was married to Helen Mary Roberts, of Waupaca, Wisconsin, daughter of Charles E. Roberts, and a graduate of Lawrence University, class of 1906. They are members of the Congregational Church, of which Mr. Steele is a trustee. He is a member of the Union League Club of Chicago and the Riverview Country Club of Appleton.

CHARLES M. COLE, deceased, who was for many years a government inspector in the lumber districts of the Fox River valley, was born at Smithville, New York, March 10, 1841, and died December 6, 1908. He was a son of Milo and Marilla (Tousley) Cole, natives of Connecticut, the former of English and the latter of Scotch stock. The Cole family is one of the old ones of New England, the name formerly being spelled Cowles, and Charles M. Cole's great-grandfather was an officer in the Continental army during the Revolutionary War, and was buried at Smithville, New York. Milo Cole was one of the early settlers of Shiocton, and was the namer of that city and of Bovina township. He was a lawyer by profession and was engaged in the lumber business, was sent to the legislature during the early '60s, and moved to Appleton in 1863, where he was elected clerk of the court. He continued to live in Appleton until his death in 1877. Charles M. Cole was the only child of his parents, and he obtained his early education in the public schools of Hortonville, later going to Lawrence University until 1862, at which time he enlisted for service in the Union army, with Company I, Thirty-second Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and served with distinction in that company until the close of the war, being mustered out as sergeant of his company. Returning to Appleton he engaged in the lumber business with his father, and in 1871 entered the government service, continuing therein until his death as inspector and superintendent of improvements on the Fox River. On May 27, 1869, Mr. Cole was married to Sophie Nicoulin, daughter of Francois and Pauline (Parret) Nicoulin, natives of France, came to Wisconsin in 1852 and settled in Dodge county, where Mr. Nicoulin died in 1857. November 28, 1860, she married (second) in Dodge county, Francois Bernard, a native of Beaune, France, who came to Appleton in 1853.

Francois Bernard was born January 4, 1821, a cabinetmaker by trade and the first of his craft to settle in Appleton and also the first to open a furniture store. He disposed of his furniture business in 1865, was then in the grocery trade until 1869, and from the latter date until 1904 operated a billiard room in Appleton. Mr. Bernard was twice married, first to Asphasia Steffens, by whom he became the father of one daughter, Mrs. Anna S. Goff, of Tacoma, Washington. To his (second) marriage with Mrs. Nicoulin, there was also one daughter born, Minnie Bernard, of Appleton. Mr. Bernard died December 24, 1909. He made the moulds for the bricks used in building Lawrence University and the pigeon-holes for the first post office in Appleton. Mrs. Bernard died in Appleton, June 15, 1911.

Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cole: Charles Melville, born April 4, 1879, a graduate of the Appleton High school and the State University at Madison, and a mechanical engineer, now superintendent of the gas works at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, married June 27, 1906, Leila Carroll Moore, of Kansas City, Missouri; and Laura, born in 1883, a beautiful, talented girl, who died May 8, 1909. The mother came to America with her parents in 1835. They settled in Massachusetts, where she married Francois Nicoulin, November 10, 1843. The father came to Massachusetts from France in 1834.

REV. WALTER J. FITZMAURICE, pastor of St. Mary's Church at Appleton, Wisconsin, was born in Kossuth, Manitowoc county, Wisconsin, July 27, 1859. His parents, Michael and Bridget Fitzmaurice, were born in Ireland. After completing the course in the public schools he taught school for three years in Manitowoc county. In the fall of 1877 he entered St. Francis Seminary at Milwaukee and was graduated therefrom in 1883. He then entered the University of Salzburg, Austria, to continue his studies in philosophy and theology and was ordained to the priesthood at Salzburg, July 15, 1886. His first mass was celebrated at St. Augustine, Manitowoc county, August 19, 1886. His first appointment consisted of two parishes in Winnebago county, Wisconsin, viz., St. Mary's at Winneconne and St. Mary's at Omro, which appointment he held from September 1, 1886, until November 1, 1887, when he was made assistant to Rev. Ferdinand Tanguay at St. Mary's Church, Appleton, Wisconsin. Upon the latter's death, November 25, 1887, he succeeded him as pastor. On September 18, 1911, the Golden Jubilee of St. Mary's congregation, together with Father Fitzmaurice's Silver Jubilee, were celebrated. St. Mary's congregation presented him with a purse of gold and the parish representative, who presented the same to him, among other things said: "Twenty-four years ago you came to us. You were then a young man, able, ambitious and enthusiastic. You found our congregation heavily in debt, without a parochial school, which is so necessary for the salvation of our children, and without proper parish social intercourse, which is so necessary for the welfare of society. You took up your work with courage and enthusiasm. You spared neither your muscle nor your brain. You crowded into a quarter of a century a life's work, and today, as a result, St. Mary's congregation, religiously, socially, educationally and financially is among the foremost in the diocese."

GEORGE FREDERICK PEABODY, deceased. In almost every community one name stands out with greater prominence than any other; one man has achieved notable success which ranks him foremost among his fellowmen; an individuality has left an indelible impress upon the history of a community. The life, character and achievements of George Frederick Peabody, who died Sunday morning, September 12, 1909, were even greater than this. His invigorating mentality, keen business foresight, his upright conduct and blameless life, his many acts of unostentatious charity, his public benefactions and his prominence as a citizen, ranked him among the foremost men of Wisconsin. Mr. Peabody was of New England nativity, his birth taking place in September, 1845, at New Milford, Connecticut. When a small lad his parents removed to Wisconsin and located at Portage, and he there grew to manhood and received his early scholastic training. At twenty years of age he began clerking in the store of C. J. Pettibone, at Fond du Lac, and there developed the mercantile instinct for which he afterwards became famous. In the year 1872 he was sent to Appleton by his employer to assist in the work of the branch store at this place, which had been established during the Civil War, and of which, after a brief period, Mr. Peabody was made manager. It is likely that he would have succeeded equally as well in almost any other career, for he was born to succeed; his mental and physical makeup, his indomitable energy, dauntless spirit and business acumen were the inevitable precursors of success.

In the early '60s the general store founded in Appleton by C. J. Pettibone occupied the ground floor of a two-story brick building.The rear of the second floor was used as a carpet room, the front room being the home of the First National Bank, then the office of the Appleton Crescent, and later being utilized as the office of the Western Union Telegraph Company. When Mr. Peabody became manager of the store the business was confined to the retailing of dry goods, boots and shoes in a small building where now stands the present beautiful and commodious structure of the Pettibone-Peabody Company.

In 1903 the present magnificent four-story and basement building was erected on the old site. It was under the watchful care and directing mind of Mr. Peabody that the business so prospered that it became the largest retail mercantile establishment in Wisconsin outside the city of Milwaukee, and it remains an object of pride to the people of Appleton and surrounding country. When Mr. Peabody passed off the stage of life he was succeeded by J. D. Steele as president and manager.

Mr. Peabody did not center all his energies, however, on business. He was an enthusiastic believer in the coming greatness of Appleton as a business center, of the Fox River valley for manufacturing purposes and of Outagamie county as an agricultural community, and to all public enterprises tending toward the general good he was a liberal contributor. To enumerate his many public benefactions would of necessity involve the writing separately the history of Appleton, which is given elsewhere in this work. For a number of years his invaluable assistance as a member of the board of trustees of Lawrence University was of great aid to that institution. On October 3, 1875, Mr. Peabody united with the First Congregational Church upon confession of faith and of which for more than twenty-five years he was one of the trustees. Dr. Faville, the pastor of the church, in regard to Mr. Peabody, said:

"While he was a man absorbed in many business cares he was faithful to his religious duties as a church attendant, and was always greatly interested in the First Congregational Church of Appleton. He believed in it, he believed in its government, its democracy, and he was always a loyal member."

In politics Mr. Peabody was democratic as well as a Democrat, but his activities in this direction extended only so far as to actively espouse measures tending toward the general welfare. In 1893 he was appointed by Governor George W. Peck state commissioner of fisheries for a term of six years. He served as president of the American Fisheries Society in 1898-99, and as secretary from 1901 until his death. Coming from a family of noted worth and achievement he fully sustained the honorable traditions of his people. He held active membership in the Reform Club of New York, the New York Yacht Club, the Oshkosh Yacht Club, the Diana Shooting Club and the Riverview Country Club. He acquired wealth by clean business methods and converted his means to the enjoyment of life as a rational human being and for the good of his fellowmen. He was widely read as to the best literature, and was equally well informed upon the current topics of the day, and had traveled extensively both at home and abroad. His domestic life was one of happiness, even though brief. In May, 1874, he married Miss Emma K. Pettibone, daughter of C. J. Pettibone. She died three years later, leaving one daughter, Mrs. Emma Peabody Harper, now residing in Appleton.

Mr. Peabody's death was not altogether unexpected, but was nevertheless a shock when it became known. His loss was especially felt by his employes, to whom he extended fatherly kindness and substantial material aid. In a general letter to the public, dated September 16, 1909, the following tribute was paid Mr. Peabody by the corporation of the Pettibone-Peabody Company:

"Our beloved president, Mr. George F. Peabody, quietly passed away at his home at Appleton, Sunday morning, September 12, a few hours following the sixty-fourth anniversary of his birth. His death, though expected, came sooner than was anticipated, and the sudden realization that he would no longer be among us has deeply touched the hearts of those whose pleasure it has been to be associated with him. His genial manner, his gentlemanly bearing, his ability as a leader and manager, his greatness of heart, his thoughtful consideration of the welfare of his employes, and many other splendid attributes of mind and heart have led all who labored for and with him, not merely to respect him--but to love him. His death terminates forty years of active work in the upbuilding of a business which has developed with giant strides until today it stands as a mighty monument to his name. To maintain the present high standard of this business, established by Mr. Peabody through years of patient toil and thought, and to carry out the plans he outlined for the future, is the work that must now fall on other shoulders. For even such a time as this his foresight made provision, so that there are ready to step into the places of trust and responsibility, men who have been thoroughly trained to the work that is theirs to perform. To their assistance comes a host of employes embued through Mr. Peabody with a spirit of sincere loyalty and a sense of added duty that will be of inestimable value in further developing this institution and carrying its high standard through whatever fortunes the future may have in store.

"This brief, inadequate tribute we pay to the memory of Mr. Peabody because of our deep appreciation of the many admirable qualities of the man. Perchance the knowledge of our respect and love will not come amiss to others who likewise knew him."

NICHOLAS FAUST, who is one of the old insurance men of Outagamie county, Wisconsin, having been continuously identified with this line since 1865, is, perhaps, as well known as any other citizen of this section, in which his standing as to business integrity has never been questioned. He was born in Germany, January 3, 1841, and is a son of Johann S. and Maria (Reinertz) Faust. The family came to the United States in 1846 and settled in what was then a wild section of country, although six miles from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The father cleared land and developed a farm on which he labored until 1854, when he removed with his family to Fond du Lac county, where he lived until 1856, when he sold and moved to another wild section, locating in Harrison township, Calumet county. That land he also cleared and then sold and retired to Menasha, where he died at the age of fifty-four years. The mother of Mr. Faust died in Outagamie county. They had the following children born to them: Nicholas; two babes that died in infancy; John, who was killed while serving as a soldier in the Civil War; Annie, who is the wife of Joseph Renn, residing in Outagamie county; Mary, who is the wife of M. Renn, residing at Appleton; Katherina, who is the wife of G. Howe, residing at Portland, Oregon; Anton, who died in California; and Louis, who died at Menasha, Wisconsin. Nicholas Faust had but limited educational opportunities and afterward, as the eldest son, had many responsibilities in connection with clearing up the wild farms with his father. In 1864 he enlisted for service in the Civil War, entering Company F, Second Wisconsin Cavalry, and was honorably discharged June 22, 1865, at Memphis, Tennessee. He participated in many sharp engagements and in the one at Egypt Station received a wound in the side and also, at one time, had his horse shot from under him. After his military service was over and he had returned home he spent a short time on the farm and at Menasha and then entered the insurance business, one in which he has met with much success. He was first located in Calumet county, removing to Kaukauna in 1890, in June, 1908, organizing the Fox River Health and Accident Company, of which he is president, August Heinz being treasurer and Charles J. Faust being secretary. He represents all the leading lines of life and fire insurance, doing a general insurance business and having important connections. On December 26, 1863, Mr. Faust was married to Miss Mary K. Furstenberg, who was born in Saxony, Germany, and came to the United States with her parents in 1855. Ten children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Faust, namely: Joseph J., who is in the well excavating business at Kaukauna; Louis S., who lives at Sheboygan; Henry L., who lives at Oshkosh; Charles J., who is with his father; Matt G., who lives in this city; Katie, who is the wife of Joseph J. Berendsen, of Green Bay; Edward and Tony, both of whom are deceased, and two babes that died at birth. Mr. Faust and family are members of the Holy Cross Roman Catholic Church. In politics he is a Republican, and on numerous occasions he has been elected to public offices, serving as county commissioner, as city assessor and treasurer of Kaukauna and formerly was supervisor in Calumet county. He is a. member of the G. A. R.

DR. JAMES THEODORE REEVE practiced medicine in Appleton for forty-one years, carrying on a general practice in addition to being active for many years in matters of public health. Born of American parentage, near Goshen, Orange county, New York, April 26, 1834, he received his preliminary education in the common schools and at Farmers Hall Academy at Goshen. He studied medicine at Castleton, Vermont, Ann Arbor, Michigan, and Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and received the degree of M. D. from Castleton in 1854 and from Jefferson the year following, and the honorary degree of A. M. from Ripon College in 1882. Dr. Reeve was secretary of the Wisconsin State Board of Health from its origin in 1876 up to 1894; was secretary of the Wisconsin State Medical Society from 1871 to 1889, except for one year when he was its president; a member of the American Medical Association, the New York Medico-Legal Society, the Jefferson Alumni Association, the Fox River Valley Medical Society, the Outagamie County Medical Society and Appleton Medical Club, serving as president of the three last named societies; was delegate to the International Medical Congress in 1876 and a member of the Pan-American Congress of 1893, and medical director of the Wisconsin Department of the Grand Army of the Republic. Dr. Reeve began the practice of medicine at the age of twenty-one in DePere, Wisconsin, and continued in practice in that vicinity continuously for fifty-one years, seeing and actively participating in its growth from a primeval wilderness into a large commercial and educational center. When the Civil War broke out he drove with his wife from Green Bay to Madison, through 150 miles of unsettled country, and at the latter place enlisted and was appointed second assistant surgeon of the Tenth Wisconsin Volunteers. He was transferred to the Twenty-first Regiment and served throughout the war, his regiment participating in many severe engagements, notably the battles of Perryville, Stone River, Resacca, Kenesaw Mountain and Chickamauga. After the latter engagement he remained with the field hospital and was captured and taken to Libby prison for three months. On being exchanged he returned to the service, marched with Sherman from Atlanta to the sea, and was present at the seizure of Savannah, Averysboro and Bentonville. He was promoted to the position of brigade surgeon and at the close of the war was acting division surgeon with the rank of major. Immediately after the war he settled in Appleton, Wisconsin, where he engaged in active practice and identified himself with everything pertaining to the welfare of the community. He had a most extraordinary capacity for hard work. For several years he added a practice more than sufficient for one man's strength to the office of secretary of the State Board of Health and that of state supervisor of inspection of illuminating oil, doing literally the work ot three men. As the first secretary of the State Board of Health he did an enormous amount of pioneer work in organizing local boards of health and rousing the state to better sanitary laws and customs. He was a devout member of the Congregational Church, and was for many years deacon and a member of the board of trustees. He was one of the founders of the city library and was secretary of its board. By nature he was unostentatious and retiring in the extreme, but his untiring industry and readiness to respond to any call upon him in matters of public welfare or civic duty led him to become identified with an extraordinary number of public activities which often overtaxed his strength, and many of which he continued during his last years, when overwork had strained his remarkable constitution beyond endurance.

Dr. Reeve was married November 27, 1857, to Laura Spofford, who survives him. They had six children, of whom three are living: James S.: Katherine M., who resides with her mother; and Howard D., an apple grower of Spokane, Washington. Dr. Reeve died November 4, 1906, of a complication of diseases, the foundation for which was doubtless laid during army service and aggravated by unremitting toil. He wrote but little for the medical press, but during eighteen years of work as secretary of the State Board of Health, he wrote thousands of letters to physicians and members of local health boards, urging the importance of organization for intelligent sanitation and for the investigation and prevention of the spread of epidemics. These and the editing and writing for the annual reports of the board constitute no small contribution to the progress of the highest branch of medical science.

JAMES S. REEVE, M. D., a leading member of the Outagamie county medical profession, whose chosen field of practice during the past twenty years has been the city of Appleton, is a native of Groveland, Massachusetts, where he was born August 23, 1864, a son of Dr. James Theodore Reeve, whose sketch immediately precedes this. He received his early education in the Pestalozzian school, which was founded by Anson Ballard, an old pioneer of Outagamie county, Professor Jordan, now of Leland Stanford University, then being its president. Later he graduated from Lawrence University, and in 1885 entered Johns Hopkins University for a year's postgraduate work. He studied at the medical department of Harvard College, and graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, and spent one year and six months at the Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, after which he practiced for three years in Appleton. Dr. Reeve at this time took a trip to Germany and and Austria for a year's study, and in 1891 returned to Appleton, where he has since been engaged in an extensive practice, having been associated with his father for sixteen years. By inheritance and choice Dr. Reeve became a physician, and the name which his father made eminent he has perpetuated. He is a member of the Alpha Mu Pi Omega and of the state, county and national medical associations, and holds the position of surgeon for the Northwestern Railroad. Dr. Reeve is a director in the First National Bank of Appleton.

On June 16, 1891, Dr. Reeve was married to Alfreda Noyes, of Georgetown, Massachusetts, daughter of Alfred B. Noyes. Dr. and Mrs. Reeve are consistent attendants of the Congregational Church.

GEORGE R. DOWNER, one of Outagamie county's prominent public men, who has for some years served as superintendent of the Outagamie County Asylum for the Insane, is a native of Lisbon township, Waukesha county, Wisconsin, born July 1, 1851, a son of William H. and Lucinda (Look) Downer. The great-grandfather of George R. Downer, a German by birth, founded the family in the United States when he settled in Oswego county, New York, and became a farmer, and his son, also an agriculturist, later came West and founded the family in Pontiac, Michigan, where he died. William H. Downer, father of George R., learned the trade of carpenter in his native Oswego county, New York, and at an early date became a settler in Lisbon township,Waukesha county, Wisconsin, where he followed that occupation. On removing, some years later, to Dodge county, he becalme well known in his business, and also served with distinction during the Civil War. Mr. Downer was married in 1842 to Miss Lucinda Look, who died December 7, 1885, aged fifty-nine years, and he survived her until October 31, 1892, dying when nearly seventy-three years old. They had six children, of whom two still survive: Silas T., who resides in Missouri, and George R. George R. Downer's educational training was secured in the common schools of Dodge county, and until he was eighteen years of age he lived on the home farm, but later turned his attention to the lumber business and for eleven years was engaged therein, working for various parties. His next occupation was that of a contractor, but eventually he returned to the farm, buying a fine tract of eighty acres in Seymour township, of which he disposed in the fall of 1891. He was elected chairman of the town board for three years in Seymour towhship, and for four years served as street commissioner in the city of Seymour, and was also a member of the building committee that erected the Outagamie County Asylum for the Insane, of which he was appointed first superintendent in 1889, a position which he has held ever since. Since he first took charge of this institution, Mr. Downer has had the respect and affection of the unfortunate placed in his keeping and his administration over the affairs of the asylum has been such as to win the confidence and esteem of his fellow townsmen. On September 18, 1877, Mr. Downer was united in marriage with Ida M. Brooks, of Seymour, born June 15, 1858, in Waterloo, Wisconsin, daughter of Porter Matthew and Lydia (Streeter) Brooks, residents of Seymour who came to that city in 1864. Porter M. Brooks was born June 18, 1821, in Riga, Monroe county, New York, and September, 1831, found him in Medina, Ohio, and January, 1842, in Waterloo, Wisconsin, where he followed the carpenter trade. He was married there, June 3, 1845, to Lydia Streeter, and they had a family of nine children, of whom two are living: C. S., of Beaver, South Dakota., and Mrs. Downer. Mr. Brooks moved to Seymour, Wisconsin, in January, 1864. Mr. and Mrs. Downer have had two sons: William R. and Arthur George. Mr. Downer is connected with the Masons and the Odd Fellows, while his wife holds membership in the Rebekah Lodge of the latter order.

GUS W. RISTAU, a progressive and enterprising business man of Kaukauna, Wisconsin, who is dealing in real estate and automatic pianos, is a native of the state of New York, birth occurring February 12, 1872, and a son of Gottleib and Minnie (Zimmerman) Ristau, both of whom were natives of Germany. Gottlieb Ristau was married (first) to Amelia Korth, who died in Germany in 1867, and he then took for a wife Minnie Zinmmerman. They came to the United States in 1871, locating in New York, and later went to Minnesota, where Mr. Ristau settled on a homestead. In 1874 the family came to Wisconsin, and here Mr. Ristau secured employment on the government dam in the Fox River at this point, and during that year he died. His widow subsequently married William Falkenberg and removed to Iowa, and there the early education of Gus W. Ristau was received. He came to Kaukauna in 1890 and for several years worked in the paper mills, later engaging for five years in the brewing business. He then opened and operated the Hotel Ristau with his brother, but sold out to the latter in 1905. Since that time he has been engaged in the real estate business, also handling automatic pianos, covering territory from Fond du Lac to northern Wisconsin and Michigan under the firm name of G. W. Ristau Land Company, and employing a number of salesmen. The company owns a great deal of desirable farming land in the vicinity of Riblake, Taylor county, and also does a large business in other sections. In 1901 Mr. Ristau was united in marriage with Miss Millie Zittlow of Wrightstown, Wisconsin, and they have had four children: Mildred, Alfred, Harold and Arnold. The farmily is connected with the Lutheran Church, and in politics Mr. Ristau is of Republican views. He is one of Outagamie county's successful, self-made men, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens.

CHARLES F. PLOEGER, farmer, stock raiser and large land owner of Seymour township, is one of Outagamie county's leading agriculturists, and has been identified with various business enterprises and public movements during a period covering the last decade. Mr. Ploeger is a native of Outagamie county, born in Ellington township August 4, 1870, a son of Ferdinand and Fredericka (Hendricks) Ploeger. Ferdinand Ploeger was a native of Germany, who came to Ellington township by way of Green Bay and located on fifty acres of wild land, being one of the earliest settlers of this section. He built a log house and log barn, and with the rude instruments at hand started to claim the property from the wilderness, and after having put that tract under cultivation, bought seventy-three acres in Greenville township and eighty acres in Center township, all of which he eventually cleared. He erected a good house and barn, but left these in 1882 to come to Seymour township, locating on a partly improved property, now the home of his son Charles, on which at that time there was a small house and barn. He continued to reside on this place until 1890, in which year he turned over the management to his son and retired from active life on account of failing health. He passed away in the faith of the Lutheran Church, October 7, 1895, aged sixty-four years, and was buried in the cemetery at Stephensville, in Ellington township. Ferdinand Ploeger had served in the German army prior to coming to the United States, and during the closing years of the Civil War was a soldier in Company F, Second Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Cavalry. Mr. Ploeger was married to Fredericka Hendricks, daughter of Fred and Prudence Hendricks, and she died December 18, 1872, aged thirty-four years, eleven months, eighteen days. Mrs. Ploeger had one brother, Fred, a pioneer of Grand Chute township, who is now deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Ploeger there were born five daughters and one son: Charles; Adolphenia, born April 9, 1857, who is the widow of D. D. Chapman of Bangor, Michigan; Bertha, born October 4, 1860, who is single and resides in Milwaukee; Lovina, born November 13, 1868, who died January 3, 1888; Lucy, born July 12, 1867, who married Ferdinand Muller, of Seymour township; and Minnie, born December 15, 1872, who married August Bunkelman, and died September 24, 1895, leaving one child, Vernon Leroy Bunkelman.

Charles F. Ploeger attended the district schools at Seymour and Ellington, and at the age of twenty years took charge of the home farm, his father's health having failed. On the home farm of 120 acres he rebuilt the house; built a new barn, 36x166 feet, with a silo capacity of 400 tons; a stone hog barn, 18x65 feet; a tool shed, 90x36 feet; a granary, 18x42 feet; chicken coop, 12x38 feet; corn crib, 30x48 feet, with 3,000 bushels capacity. When Ferdinand Ploeger first located on this farm his livestock consisted of a team of horses and a few head of cattle and pigs, and now the farm stock boasts of a large herd of thoroughbred Holstein cattle, 70 milch cows, high-grade Percheron horses, 500 Shropshire, Oxford and Southdown sheep, and produces Poland China hogs, while the chickens include the Silver Spangle, Leghorn and Plymouth Rock breeds. In about 1901, Mr. Ploeger added to the acreage of the home farm by purchasing eighty acres near Isaar, Seymour township, which is now under cultivation, and during 1903 bought forty acres of partly improved land, adding to this tract by a forty-acre purchase two years later, all of this property now being under cultivation. He also bought, in 1903, another tract of eighty acres in Seymour township, now all improved except twenty acres, and then purchased forty acres which is located in the town of Seymour, thirty acres of which are improved, and two acres of which he sold for the Seymour City Cemetery. He successively purchased eighty acres adjoining his property, eighty acres of cultivated land at Isaar, the Hebner place of eighty-one acres, and in 1909 the Armitage place adjoining the old homestead, a tract of forty acres, there now being 320 acres of land under cultivation on the old homestead, making a total of 668 acres, all in Seymour township. Mr. Ploeger is a Republican in politics, and he has never missed an election. He served as township clerk during 1899 and 1900, has been township chairman for the past two years, serving in this capacity at present, and was district school clerk for nine years. He was a charter member and helped to organize the Cicero Mutual Fire Insurance Company in 1897, at which time he was elected treasurer, an office which he held twelve years, and was then made president, serving in that capacity at the present time. He was a charter member and has been president of the Seymour Mutual Hail and Cyclone Insurance Company since its incorporation ten years ago, was one of the organizers of the State Bank, of which he has always been a director, and is now serving his third year as president of the Seymour Driving Park Association, having formerly been vice-president of .that organization. Fraternally, he is connected with the E. F. U. of Neenah and the F. R. A. of Oshkosh, Wisconsin. On December 25, 1893, Mr. Ploeger was united in marriage with Miss Ida Bunkelman, who was born at Kewaskum, Washington county, Wisconsin, March 22, 1876, daughter of William and Fredericka (Leiter) Bunkelman, natives of Germany. Mr. Bunkelman came to Seymour township in 1881 and settled on a wild farm, which he improved, and there spent the remainder of his life in agricultural pursuits, his death occurring August 1, 1893, when fifty-eight years, eight months and twenty-one days old, while his widow survives him, she having been born in September, 1845. By a previous marriage Mr. Bunkelman had two children: William and ------. His marriage with Fredericka Leiter was blessed by the birth of ten children, as follows: Matilda, born April 27, 1864, married William Buddenhagen and resides at Neillsville, Clark county; August, born January 3, 1863, who died in August, 1909, married (first) Minnie Ploeger, and (second) Anna Warner; Sarah, born May 6, 1870, married Art Flint, a farmer of Neillsville; Albert, born April 6, 1868, married November 4, 1896; Herman, born March 5, 1875, residing at Fond du Lac, married May Singbush; Ida, who married Mr. Ploeger; Louie, born November 4, 1882, is single and resides in California; Emma, born September 22, 1883, married Thomas Sickles and lives in the State of Washington; and Elmira, born March 6, 1885, died single in January 1910. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Ploeger: Sylvia B., born March 27, 1897; and Wealthy E., born December 6, 1900. Mr. Ploeger's family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Mr. Ploeger employs a competent foreman and by thoroughly systemizing his work he is able to spend most of his time at his Waldorf farm, just three miles north of the city, where the visitor will find him with his genial wife always ready to welcome the coming guest.

F. J. HARWOOD, president of the Appleton Woolen Mills, one of the largest manufacturing concerns of Wisconsin, has been prominently identified with the business interests of this city for more than thirty-five years. Born at Crown Point, Essex county New York, December 25, 1855, he is a son of Allen P. and Ann (Penfield) Harwood, the former of whom was engaged as an iron manufacturer for over thirty years and in 1874 came west to Wisconsin, locating on a farm near Ripon, where he lived retired until his death in 1894. F. J. Harwood came to Appleton February 15, 1876, and in the following year bought an interest in the business of which he is now the president. This firm, originally organized as Hutchinson, Fay & Ballard in 1861, sold out later to Fay, Ballard & Robinson, which in turn disposed of its interests to Hutchinson & Company, the firm consisting of W. W. Hutchinson, Dr. J. T. Reeve and F. J. Harwood. They continued to operate it until the mill property and the Appleton Chair Company's plant were destroyed by fire June 17, 1881. The loss being too great for the one firm to stand, on June 30, 1881, the present firm was established, with A. P. Harwood, of Ripon, as president; C.A. Beverage of Appleton, vice-president; W. W. Hutchinson, secretary and treasurer, and F. J. Harwood, general manager. The business began manufacturing knitting yarns exclusively, but in 1888 a weaving plant was added, and in 1892 equipment was added for the manufacture of papermakers' felts, etc. During the following year a large, three-story addition was built on the southeast corner of the plant, and in 1900 another addition was found necessary to handle the large amount of business, and was accordingly built, it extending along the entire length of the north side of the mill. Later, in 1902, the firm purchased the Reedsburg, Wisconsin, Woolen Mills, where cassimere for men's wear is manufactured. The present officers of the company are F. J. Harwood, president and general manager; F. I. Phillips, vice-president and mill superintendent; D. V. N. Harwood, secretary and treasurer. The mills now use 450,000 pounds of wool annually, employ over 150 mechanics and workmen and market their product as far away as China. Mr. Harwood is a director of the First National Bank. He has served for nine years on the school board, was alderman of the First ward for six years, and served two terms as president of the council. Fraternally he is connected with the E. F. U. and the Temple of Honor. January 24, 1882, Mr. Harwood was married to Harriet A. Harwood, of Holly, Orleans county, New York, and they have had two daughters: Ruth, who married S. F. Shattuck, Neenah, Wisconsin; and Anna P., a graduate of Smith College, who is now engaged in teaching. Mr. Harwood and his family are members of the Congregational Church, and he has served as superintendent of the Sunday school for the past twenty-five years. He is a member of the board of directors of the Wisconsin Congregational State Association, and a director in the Young Men's Christian state association. Mr. Harwood is a man of great executive ability, and has been especially successful as an organizer. His business interests have kept him very busy, but he has always found time to assist in forwarding those movements which he judges will be of benefit to his adopted city.

JOHN SMUDDE, deceased, was in all probability the first miller in Appleton. He was born August 2, 1808, in Holland, and was there reared and passed the early part of his life. He was a miller in his native country and, realizing the advantages to be had in the United States, immigrated to this country in 1852. He located in Appleton, Wisconsin, and here in partnership with Mr. Haas erected a mill which he conducted until 1864. He was compelled to discontinue this line of business owing to ill health, then engaged in street contracting for a time, and eventually traded his mill for a farm in Waupaca county. He died in 1895 at the ripe old age of eighty-seven years. His wife, formerly Mary Ann Salchert, was a native of the kingdom of Prussia, Germany, "a.nd came with her people to America, settling in Calumet county, Wisconsin. She died in 1898, aged sixty-eight years.

JOHN KLING, who is the owner and operator of a fine farm of 200 acres situated in section 14, Dale township, is known among the residents of his district as a good, practical agriculturist. He was born in Dale township, Outagamie county, September 16, 1865, and is a son of Jacob and Ricca Kling, natives of Germany. Mr. Kling's parents came to the United States about 1851, and after living in the east for seven years came to Wisconsin, buying 110 acres of timber land in Dale township, where they were among the earliest settlers. He built a log cabin here and settled down to clear his land, continuing to farm until February 10, 1865, when he enlisted in Company A, Forty-seventh Wisconsin Infantry, with which organization he served until the close of the war, and then returned to his farm, which he worked until the death of his wife, April 23, 1891. At that time he retired and went to live with his children, and he died at the home of his daughter, Paulina, in Wausau, Wisconsin, March 27, 1901. John Kling was the next to the youngest of his parents' six children, and he remained on the home farm until he was twenty-one years old, after which he worked for wages for five years in the woods. He then returned to the homestead, which he purchased, and he has been engaged in general farming there to the present time. On October 30, 1889, Mr. Kling was married to Ida Leek, daughter of Frederick and Carolina Leek, natives of Germany, who were married in Wisconsin, settled first in Winnebago county, and later came to Dale township and purchased forty acres of land, which Mr. Leek later sold to Mr. Kling, with whom Mr. and Mrs. Leek are now living. Mrs. Kling, who is the eldest of two children, was born November 26, 1872. Six children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Kling, namely: Walter, Irvin, John, Luella, Adeline and Harold. Mr. Kling now has 120 acres of his land under cultivation, all fenced with barbed and woven wire. In 1900 he remodeled the residence, having built a basement barn, 38x62 feet, the previous year. In political matters he is a Democrat and he and his family are members of the Lutheran Church of Hortonville.

ALEXANDER JAMES REID was born of Irish parents at Nunda, Livingston county, New York, September 22, 1846. He came to Wisconsin with his parents in 1862, and settled on a farm in Dodge county, near Oconomowoc. He continued to work summers and attend winter schools, until completing his course at the Horicon high school in 1864. After that date he taught school and associated himself with his brother, Thomas B. Reid, in establishing the Oconomowoc Badger. Under the editorial and business management of the brothers this paper was not classed as a back number in the field of Wisconsin journalism. In 1867 A. J. Reid came to Appleton and entered Lawrence University. In the spring of 1868 he associated himself with a fellow student in leasing the Appleton Post. The revenue derived from this source was sufficient to relieve them of financial embarrassments so long as they did not trench upon the domain of coveted luxuries. In 1869 he purchased the Appleton Post in company with G. M. Miller. He still continued his college work, but not to the detriment of the paper, as the editorial and local columns of the Post during those years bear witness. On January 4, 1875, he was married to Alice, eldest daughter of the late Theodore Conkey. The history of A. J. Reid's life from his coming to Appleton to the date of his demise is so interwoven with the history of Appleton and Wisconsin journalism as to claim prominence and recognition in the public records.

President Arthur appointed him postmaster in 1883, which position he held until the incoming Democratic administration. In 1889, he was appointed consul to Dublin, Ireland, but resigned in 1892, after the death of his wife, which took place December 21, 1891, in Dublin.

In 1898 Governor Schofield appointed him captain on General King's personal staff and he was stationed at the Presidio, in San Francisco, for a time while arrangements were being made to proceed to the seat of war. However, the war closed before he reached the Philippines. He refused all compensation from the government for his services and paid his own expenses while serving his country. A Republican in politics and a strong party man, he was not a partisan; and some of his best editorials were written in commendation of the acts of public officials whose election to office his party had opposed. His editorials were always able, fearless, dignified and truthful, as he understood the truth; and, while they may not have satisfied all of the correctness of his position, they certainly convinced all of his ability, honesty, sincerity and high purpose in life. He had a great command of the English language, and his style, which was peculiarly his own, was pure, clear, elegant and finished. Upon receipt of the Daily Post the reader usually first turned to read Mr. Reid's editorials. As an editorial. writer he had no superior and few, if any, equals in Wisconsin. He was a man of profound human sympathy and the sufferings of his fellowmen appealed to him most keenly. His charities towards the poor were numerous and unceasing; but he performed them so unostentatiously that they were known to very few outside himself and the recipients of his gifts. Though a man of moderate means, his last will reveals most clearly those generous impulses. Besides the munificent gift to the citizens of Appleton of Alicia Park, which overlooks the Fox River, he made other substantial donations to Lawrence College, to the public library, to religion and to the poor. It may be truly said that no other citizen of Appleton of like means has been more public spirited in his testamentary bequests. He died January 18, 1910, and his remains repose in Riverside cemetery, at Appleton.

BERTIN RAMSAY, deceased, who was for many years engaged in business in Appleton, was born October 13, 1850, in Cheltenham, England, and was a member of one of the oldest and most honored families of Scotland, descended from Sir John Ramsay, Knight of Balmain and Fasque, County Kincardine, who was created by James III a lord of parliament in 1433, and sat under the title of Lord Bothwell. Adhering, however, to his unfortunate sovereign, against whom the nobles of Scotland rebelled, his lordship was outlawed, and his estates subjected to confiscation, in 1488, by the first parliament of James IV, while that monarch conferred the dignity of Earl of Bothwell upon Hepburn, Lord Hailes, whose descendant became the third husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, and was the last of his family that enjoyed the peerage. In 1498, the disgraced lord received, however, a royal pardon, but under the simple designation of John Ramsay, and he obtained at the same time some lands in the counties of Forfar and Wigtoun, which favors were followed by a charter, in 1510, of the Barony of Balmain. The grandson of this personage, Sir Gilbert Ramsay, was followed by Sir Alexander Ramsay, at whose death the title passed to Sir Thomas Ramsay, from him to Sir Alexander Burnett Ramsay, and from the latter to Sir Alexander Ramsay, the father of Bertin Ramsay. Bertin Ramsay received his education in Cheltenham college, in England, and in 1877 came to Appleton with Mr. Henry Hewitt of Menasha and his cousins, Falkland and Duncan MacKinnon. Mr. Ramsay soon became interested in lumber, furnishing the means for the erection of a mill, and decided to remain in this country. In his first venture he was associated with Charles Jones, and later they erected a mill at Menominee, Michigan, where they continued in business until 1896, and in this year the Wisconsin Malt and Grain Company was founded and a large plant erected. Mr. Ramsay was associated with this concern until his death, which occurred June 23, 1907. He was one of the leading members of the Episcopal Church, and was one of the principal contributors when the handsome new church of All Saints was erected, and served for several years as a warden. He was a Blue Lodge Mason and a member of all of the leading Appleton clubs. He was remarkably fond of his home, and was a man whose death is a distinct loss to his adopted city. On June 29, 1881, Mr. Ramsay was united in marriage with Kate Graveraet King, the estimable daughter of Daniel Webster and Sarah Ann (Graveraet) King, who settled in Green Bay and was there engaged in a drug business. Henry Graveraet, the father of Mrs. King, was a. native of Holland and became an early settler among the Indians, learning nine different Indian languages and making numerous treaties with them, and the United States Government. He married Charlotte Isabella Livingston, who learned three Indian languages and was idolized by the Indians, who called her the Daughter of the Little White Chief. Mr. and Mrs. Ramsay had two children: Hallie Ellen, who married R. B. Watson, a New York mining engineer, has one daughter, Patricia.; and Ethel Katherine, living at home. Both are graduates of Grafton Hall, Fond du Lac, and of Dresden, Germany, where they spent several years studying music, specializing on the violin and piano.

FRANK G. KURZ, deceased. Probably in no city in the world can the rapid and wonderful development of the uses of electricity be studied to better advantage than in Appleton, Wisconsin, for here was started the first permanent electric street railway and subsequent developments have made this city supreme in the uses of this wonderful agent. Of such immense importance is electricity in modern life, those pioneers in this line, whose talent, energy, courage and patience in combination with their capital, must be recalled and remembered with admiration and gratitude. In this connection the late Frank G. Kurz mnay be cited, who, with his brother, W. D. Kurz, was largely responsible for the development of Appleton's electrical interests. Here Frank G. and his brother, W. D., helped to install the first electric light plant used in America. Frank G. and his brother having had it in charge.

Frank G. Kurz was born at Ripon, Wisconsin, September 27, 1864, and died March 5, 1910, a son of G. D. and Augusta (Chaeve) Kurz. They were born in Saxony, Germany, and both came to America, with their parents, locating at Ripon, Wisconsin, at a very early day. In April, 1871, the father of Frank G. Kurz came to Appleton and opened a tinshop, which he conducted during all his active life. Both he and wife died at Appleton. Of their family of four sons and two daughters, Frank G. was the third in order of birth. His education was secured in the public schools and at Lawrence University after which he learned the tinning trade with his father. Of a natural mechanical turn of mind, he occupied himself during his younger years with inventing articles of more or less utility, and very early, in association with his brother, became interested in electricity, and before becoming connected with the Wisconsin Traction, Light, Heat anld Power Company, had been concerned with various electric light and power plants at Appleton for nearly a, score of years. In 1887 Frank G. Kurz succeeded his brother, W. D. Kurz, as superintendent of the Appleton Edison Light Company, and during the remainder of his life he was in the electrical business. He was claimed as a personal friend by Thomas A. Edison. In 1903, Mr. Kurz bought an interest in the electrical establishment of Kurz and Root. They manufactured electrical supplies and established electrical plants throughout the country, the only plant of the kind in this part of the state. The first electrical convention called by Thomas A. Edison was attended by only eight delegates, of which Frank G. Kurz was one. On August 11, 1891, Frank G. Kurz was married to Miss Mary Derleder, a daughter of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Tenner) Derleder. They were born in Bavaria, Germany, and came to Oshkosh, Wisconsin, in 1850, where they still live. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Kurz: Louis and Estella. Mrs. Kurz is a. member of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Kurz belonged to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

JOHN B. JACQUOT, one of the well-known farmer citizens of Greenville township, was born on the farm which he now occupies in Outagamie county, Wisconsin, March 8, 1869, and is a son of John and Mary (Linton) Jacquot. John Jacquot was born in Rosiers, France, on February 2, 1820, and came to the United States as a boy with his parents who settled first in New York State, where he grew to young manhood. When still a youth he came to Michigan securing employment in the sawmills of Manistee, and from that place, where he had served as head sawyer, he came on to Greenville township buying from a soldier a farm of 160 acres, a part of which now forms the farm of John B. Jacquot. Here he settled down to develop the land from its wild state, clearing and improving his land and paying his first taxes in 1851. He became widely and favorably known in this section, not only as a good, practical farmer, but as a public-spirited citizen and kind and generous neighbor. His death occurred December 28, 1882, after he had been incapacitated for work for some time from the effects of rheumatism. He was married in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1849, to Mary Linton, who was born in Germany, March 19, 1830, and she continued to reside on the home farm until her death, August 30, 1891, when she was interred beside her husband in the Greenville township cemetery. She was a member of the Catholic Church. Mr. Jacquot was a stanch democrat in politics, but not an active politician, although he served as supervisor and in various other township offices to which his fellow townsmen elected him. He and Mrs. Jacquot had the following children: Alex, who is deceased; Cornelia, who married Albert Gerwin, chief of police of Marshfield, Wisconsin; Helen, who married John Schuh, a, farmer of Hortonville; Seraphine, the wife of Charles Westgate, a blacksmith who resides in California; Martin, a successful farmer of Greenville township; and John B. John B. Jacquot attended Greenville district school No. 1, and he was twelve years of age at the time of his father's death. He then worked on the homestead under a guardian until he had reached his majority, at which time he inherited eighty acres of the home farm, and with his brother, Martin, engaged in farming the home place. After about ten or twelve years, however, they decided that they could work to better advantage separately, and John B. Jacquot subsequently erected himself a residence and new set of buildings, and since that time has carried on his farm alone, devoting it to general farming and some dairying and stock raising. As a prominent, prosperous farmer, a public-spirited, representative citizen and an honest friend and true neighbor, Mr. Jacquot stands high in the esteem of his fellow townsmen. He is a democrat politically, but has never aspired to public preferment. On December 22, 1898, Mr. Jacquot was married to Miss Amanda Diestler, born at Milwaukee, February 11, 1874, daughter of August and Johanna (Rush) Diestler, natives of Germany and early settlers of Milwaukee. Mrs. Diestler, who was previously married, had been a resident of Milwaukee for some time, where her first husband died. Mrs. Jacquot is the youngest of four children born to her parents, and has been the mother of six children: Raymond John, born November 5, 1899, who died November 22 of that year; John, born May, 1900, who died in infancy; Irene, born April 7, 1901; Ralph, born August 15, 1902; Lucile, born July 21, 1908, who died July 18, 1910; and Loraine, born May 3, 1911.

SAMUEL BOYD, deceased, was for forty-six years a member of the Appleton bar, engaged in the practice of law in this city. A native of England, where he was born November 8, 1836. In early childhood his parents moved to the United States and he was reared in and proved himself a devoted and creditable citizen of his adopted country. At the age of sixteen years he entered Lawrence University, at Appleton, Wisconsin, and was graduated in 1859 with the degree of A.B. and later received the degree of A.M. from the same institution. He pursued his law studies at Albany, New York, and was graduated from a law school there in May, 1861, in the following month coming to Appleton which continued to be his home thereafter until the close of a busy and useful life. He was never an aggressive politician but was a hearty supporter of measures universally conceded to be for the public good, and for years was elected by his fellow citizens to positions of responsibility and trust. He served for fourteen years as city attorney of Appleton, and was also justice of the peace, county judge and court commissioner. He was one of the solid men of the Appleton bar and in his earlier years was distinguished for his wit and readiness before a jury and also in the social life and public entertainments for which Appleton has won some fame. It was considered a treat to hear him as a toastmaster or after dinner speaker, all the more so as his wit was never tinctured with malice but easy flowing and exactly to the point. He was enriched through life with the friendship of both the great and the ordinary person and there were no more sincere mourners at his tomb than those who, as neighbors, had mingled with him in the incomings and outgoings of daily life. In his profession he had high ideals and lived up to them, and in his daily walk and conversation were shown the sterling characteristics which made him the worthy man he was. Judge Boyd was married September 15, 1864, at Rochester, New York, to Miss Cornelia S. Bowen, a native of Lyndonville, New York, and five children were born to them, the eldest daughter, Edna, dying in infancy; the second daughter, Bertha, is the wife of John King, of Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania; Florence Helen, the youngest daughter, married Curtis A. Bynum and lives at Fletcher, North Carolina; the two sons, Charles and Robert E., reside with their mother at Appleton. Judge Boyd died March 9, 1907, and his funeral was conducted under the auspices of the Masonic fraternity, of which he had long been a member.

HENRY A. FOSTER, one of the old and honored residents of Appleton, Wisconsin, where for forty-three years he was engaged in the drug business, was born at Fort Atkinson, Jefferson county, Wisconsin, a son of Alvin and Mary A. (Phelps) Foster, the former born in Union, Connecticut, and the latter in Madison county, New York. Alvin Foster was a millwright by trade, and in 1845 he left Fort Atkinson and in company with Chester May and others established the town of Maryville by building two sawmills and a grist mill. In 1857 he brought his family to Appleton, where he became the second mayor of the city, having served as sheriff of Jefferson county in 1839. He spent the remainder of his life in retirement and died in 1867, his widow surviving him until 1880. He was a Whig and later a Republican, and with his wife attended the Congregational Church. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Alvin Foster, namely: Mary Ann, who is deceased; Edward C., who died in 1906; and Henry A. Henry A. Foster spent five terms in Lawrence University, and in 1861 he opened a drug store in Appleton, where he continued to operate during all the years of his business activities, his retirement being in 1904. He was successful in his business ventures, and was a popular fraternal man, holding membership in the Masonic order.

HERMAN O. E. DIESTLER, postmaster of Hortonville, Wisconsin, for the past six years, senior member of the well known building and contracting firm of The Diestler Company, progressive and enterprising business man and public-spirited citizen, was born September 3, 1861, in Germany, and is a son of Charles J. and Julia (Kluge) Diestler. There are six brothers and two sisters. Mr. Diestler's parents were married in the Fatherland, and came to the United States in 1868, settling in Jackson, Washington county, Wisconsin, where Mr. Diestler was engaged in farming and buying horses for the government. On December 25, 1875, he sold his farm and came to Hortonia township, buying 160 acres, known as the Polar farm, which has been his home to the present time. After completing a preliminary education in the parochial schools of Washington county, H. O. E. Diestler took a business course in Milwaukee, paying his own way from the proceeds of a business deal which he consummated when only seventeen years of age in Clintonville. After completing his schooling, he returned to his home, where he worked for some time as a carpenter foreman on the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad, and at the age of twenty years was working as a bridge carpenter. On April 20, 1885, he bought a one-half interest in C. A. Nye & Company's mill, and four years later induced to purchase the rest. In 1887 he bought the K. W. Rideout mill, which he still operates, manufacturing lumber, shingles, sash and interior work for churches and other buildings. In 1889 his father bought an interest in the mill. On June 7, 1897, his brother, Robert E., bought his father's interest in the business and the firm style is now The Diestler Company. They are contractors and builders, and deal in coal, wood, building material, paints, oils and glass, and in fact everything except hardware used in the building trade. Mr. Diestler is a Republican in politics and for the past six years has served as postmaster, and was the first republican chairman of supervisors in 1892, before the village was organized. He has always been public-spirited to a high degree, and is known as a man who can be depended upon to give his hearty co-operation and support to any movement which is forwarded to benefit the village or county. His religious connection is with the Lutheran Church of which he has been treasurer and a trustee for sixteen years. On October 13, 1886, Mr. Diestler was married to Miss Elizabeth Foerster, and to this union there have been born seven children: Herman R., Edmond C., Henry A., Herbert, Rudolph, Adolf and Helen.

HERMAN ERB, president of the First National Bank of Appleton, Wisconsin, of which city he has been a resident since March 26, 1861, was born in Fulda, Germany, October 31, 1843, and was educated in his own land, both in the common schools and the gymnasium of Fulda. In September, 1860, Mr. Erb reached the United States and before locating permanently at Appleton, visited New York, Oshkosh and Milwaukee. His association with the banking business covers a period of fifty years. In 1861, he entered the employ of the Outagamie County Bank, and prior to 1870, when he first became identified with the First National, he had been also connected with the Appleton National Bank and the private bank of David Smith and Company. On the organization of the First National Bank, Mr. Erb was made cashier and continued as such until his election as president, in April, 1909. The First National Bank of Appleton has occupied its present building on the corner of College and Appleton streets since 1871. It commenced business with a capital of $50,000, and with deposits of $55,000. The capital stock was soon increased to $75,000, later to $100,000, still later to $150,000, while at the close of business on January 7, 1911, the report showed the capital stock to be $300,000; the surplus fund $100,000, and its deposit $2,400,952. The original offices and board of directors were as follows: A. L. Smith, president; E. C. Goff, vice-president; Herman Erb, cashier; the board of directors being made up of the officers together with G. W. Spalding, J. T. Reeve, W. S. Warner, W. J. Wharton, H. A. Jones and other capitalists living in the state of New York. The present officers and board are: Herman Erb, president; F. J. Sensenbrenner, vice-president; George H. Utz, cashier; L. O. Wissman, assistant cashier; A. O. Hecht, auditor, with directors: F. J. Sensenbrenner, P. Schlafer, J. H. Marston, J. S. Reeve, Herman Erb, F. J. Harwood and P. R. Thom. August 22, 1863, Mr. Erb was married at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, to Josephine Von Kurz, who died November 14, 1879, survived by four children: Mrs. Hattie E. Thickens, Mrs. Laura E. Scott, Herman Erb, Jr., who had served as Mayor of Appleton three terms and died April 30, 1900; and Josephine, who died May 12, 1908. Mr. Erb was married (second) May 26, 1881, to Julia A. Stahl, who was born at Sheboygan, Wisconsin, July 31, 1856, and died May 6, 1911. To this union were born Esther J. and Irma K., who are at home with their father, the former a graduate of the University of Wisconsin and the latter a student at Lawrence College.

BIRDELL NELSON, a leading citizen of Dale, Wisconsin, where he is the proprietor of a general merchandise business, was born in Medina, Outagamie county, Wisconsin, June 27, 1867, and is a son of John and Augusta (Riemenschneider) Nelson, the former a native of England and the latter of Germany. Mr. and Mrs. Nelson came to this country as children and were married in Medina, Wisconsin. Mr. Nelson was a carpenter by trade, an occupation which he followed as a young man, but about 1879 he purchased a farm just west of Dale, where he lived until his death in 1901, at the age of seventy-three years. His widow still survives and has attained the age of sixty-eight years. In 1861 John Nelson enlisted for service in the Union army, becoming a member of Company I, Thirty-second Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and served three years, being discharged at Memphis, Tennessee, on account of disability brought about by exposure. He was with Grant's army and participated in all the battles of his command. Mr. Nelson was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and is buried in the Methodist Episcopal Cemetery at Medina. Birdell Nelson was the second of a family of six children, and at the age of twenty years went to work at the cheese making business. When he was twenty-one he established a cheese factory and continued in that business for sixteen years, operating two factories during nine years of that time and continuing the business until 1907. In 1903 he purchased the mercantile business which he now owns from S. R. Wason, and since that time has lived in Dale, and he also is engaged in buying and selling potatoes. Mr. Nelson was married in September, 1890, to Miss Addie Spurgeon, daughter of Philip and Sarah (Lowe) Spurgeon, natives of Virginia and Ohio, respectively. They were married in Dale, Wisconsin, where Mrs. Spurgeon died in 1889, being buried in the German Reformed Cemetery near Medina, and Mr. Spurgeon now lives in Shawano county. Mrs. Nelson was the eldest of a family of three children, and was born June 1, 1869. She and Mr. Nelson have had three children: Arlo, who took a course in Williams Business College, Oshkosh, in 1907; Velma, who attended Oshkosh High School in 1908; and Neva. Mr. Nelson is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and for the past five years has served as secretary of Dale Camp No. 3208. He is a republican in politics and has been a member of the school board for three years.

JOHN CONWAY. Probably there is not a better known hotel man in the state of Wisconsin than Mr. John Conway, who for more than twenty-three years has been proprietor of the Sherman House, the leading hostelry of Appleton, which is believed to be in every respect the most up-to-date and best-equipped hotel in the state outside of Milwaukee. Its genial proprietor, John Conway, was born at Appleton, Wisconsin, July 2, 1862, and in 1888, erected a small building on the present site of the office and lobby of the Sherman House, the building then having twenty-two guests' rooms, and about eight persons were its working staff. Business advanced rapidly, but it was not until 1897 that the first addition was built, another being erected in 1899 and a third in 1905, this latter including a modern cafe and lunch room. In 1911, on its twenty-third birthday, a birthday celebration was held by Mr. Conway at the Sherman House, and at this time the Appleton Daily Post, spoke of the event in part as follows: "Twenty-three years of almost unbroken prosperity are very apt to make a decided change in the physical appearance of a city as well as its people. Naturally then, it is to be expected that the more influential business institutions of the city will have reflected in them the onward march of the times. So it is with the Sherman House. In the twenty-three years of its existence nearly 500,000 persons have partaken of meals in the dining room, to say nothing of the thousands who have been served in the cafe and lunch room and at banquets in the French room. Another noteworthy feature of the existence of this hostelry is the fact that in nearly its quarter of a century only one man has died within its walls. It is believed that this record is not equalled by another hotel the size of the Sherman in Wisconsin." The working organization of the hotel now boasts of sixty-five employes and the pretentious structure has 118 guests' rooms, in sharp contrast with the little structure of 1888. Mr. Conway is