LOUIS ULLMER, who owns and operates a tract of 120 acres in section 2 and another property of sixty acres in section 3, Seymour township, is one of the leading agriculturists of this section. His birth occurred December 28, 1876, in Brown county, Wisconsin, and he is a son of Joseph and Mary (Reinhardt) Ullmer. When Joseph Ullmer was three years old his father died, and when he was but fifteen years old he left his native country, Germany, coming to the United States, where he spent the remainder of his life at the blacksmith trade and in farming in Brown county, Wisconsin, his death occurring in 1910, when he was fifty-seven years of age. His widow survives him, being fifty-five years old, and has been the mother of these children: Louis, Henry, Joseph, William, August, Charles, Leo, Mathias, Lawrence, Emily, Louisa, Mary, Clara and Cecil, of whom August is deceased. Louis Ullmer was educated in the district schools of Brown county, and as a youth learned the blacksmith trade with his father, an occupation which he followed for five or six years, and when twenty-six years of age he began farming in Brown county. In 1907 he came to Seymour township, where he has since made his home, being engaged in general and dairy farming, and having a large nine-room house, and two dairy barns, 40x70 and 40x60 feet respectively. Mr. Ullmer has devoted much attention to the raising of fine dairy cattle and Percheron horses, and he is also an extensive breeder of hogs. His farming interests .have demanded all of his time and attention and he has never aspired to public office. In 1902, Mr. Ullmer was married to Anna Boehm, who was born in Bohmem, Germany, August 16, 1881, daughter of Frank and Anna (Meyers) Boehm, who still reside in Germany. Mr. and Mrs. Boehm had these children: Anton, who died in America; Katie; Anna, Mrs. Ullmer, who came to the United States when she was sixteen years old; Frank, in Germany; Theresa, living in this country; Louisa, in Germany; and Frances, Katie and Wolf, who came to America in 1910. Mr. and Mrs. Ullmer have had five children, namely: Marcella Florence, born March 3, 1903; Raphael, born June 9, 1904; Matilda, who died November 4, 1906, aged seventeen months; Bernard, who was born February 8, 1908; and Gertrude, born February 3, 1910.

MARX A. LEMKE, of the city of Kaukauna, was born in Brown county, Wisconsin, September 10, 1858. William and Caroline (Schroeder) Lemke, his parents, came with their four children, Charles, August, Elvina and Minnie, to America in 1858, and for about six years resided on a farm near Milwaukee. They then moved to Brown county, this state, where William Lemke died in 1874, aged fifty-nine years, and Mrs. Lemke in 1901, at eighty-five years of age. Martin A. Lemke received a limited education in the public schools of his native county, and in 1891 came to Kaukauna and purchased the American House. Previous to this, in 1882, he married Bertha Rahn, daughter of Julius Rahn who came to the United States and located near Milwaukee where Mrs. Lemke was born. For seven years Mr. Lemke operated the American House and made it one of the noted and popular hostelries of Wisconsin, then leased the property to others. In the meanwhile he purchased what is now known as the "Lemke Farm" and has since devoted his time and attention to agricultural pursuits. In 1898 he built the Oakgrove cheese factory which was removed when he disposed of it in 1910. In 1902 he built a second cheese factory known as the "Lemke No. 2" which he sold in 1905. In 1898 he took up his residence on the farm and there lived until returning to Kaukauna in 1905. When Mr. Lemke bought his farm it had little beyond the ordinary, but under his wise management it has been brought to a high state of improvement and is considered one of the best in the county. To Mr. and Mrs. Lemke eight children have been born; Walter, dying in infancy; Antone, Elma, Arthur, Hugo, Viola, Laura and Elvera. Lemke is one of the progressive and enterprising men of the county. He served on the county board three years, as school director one year, and he and wife are members of the German Lutheran Church.

EDMOND J. CANCE, one of the prominent farmers and extensive landowners of Bovina township, who has a magnificent property of 470 acres in sections 10 and 15, was born September 15, 1877, in Ettrick, Trempealeau county, Wisconsin, son of Alexander and Agnes (Edmond) Cance, natives of Scotland. Alexander Cance came to the United States with his brothers, and at an early day settled in Trempealeau county, while his wife came to America with her parents, settling first in Canada and moving thence to Minnesota, in which State Mr. and Mrs. Cance were married. They settled in Trempealeau county on a farm, where Mr. Cance carried on farming until 1896, in which year they moved to Outagamie county, and in 1906 retired and went to Shiocton, where both are now living. They had a family of six children, Edmond J. being the third in order of birth. He received a common school education and lived at home with his parents until his marriage, in September, 1906, to Miss Alma McNiesh, who was born March 31, 1885, the youngest of the six children of Thomas and Mary McNiesh, natives of Ontario, Canada. Mr. and Mrs. McNiesh came to the United States as young people and were married in Appleton, Wisconsin, after which they began farming, an occupation which they carried on throughout their lives. Mr. McNiesh died in 1910, aged fifty-nine years, and his widow survived him but six months, she being but fifty-four years old at the time of her death, and both were buried in Black Creek. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Cance: Agnes E. and Hervon G.

After marriage, Mr. Cance rented the farm which he now operates, and in 1910 he purchased the property from his father. This excellent tract, which is completely fenced with woven and barbed wire, has 325 acres under cultivation, and is equipped with a fine modern residence, built by Alexander Cance, good outbuildings and a substantial barn, the latter of which will be remodeled by Cance during this summer. He engages in general farming and stockraising, keeping Short Horn cattle, Poland-China hogs and Shropshire sheep, and he specializes in cabbages and dairy products. Mr. Cance is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and is a Republican in politics. He has been much interested in the cause of education, and is now serving as clerk of the Shiocton high school and treasurer of the district school board. He and Mrs. Cance are members of the Congregational Church of Shiocton.

EDWARD O'KEEFE, who is president of the firm of O'Keefe-Orbison Engineering and Construction Company, contractors, constructors and engineers, and the largest firm in its line in Wisconsin, was born at Green Bay, Wisconsin, in 1855, and is a son of Thomas and Mary (Hanrahan) O'Keefe. Thomas O'Keefe was born in County Limerick, Ireland, in December, 1817.

Edward O'Keefe received his preliminary education in the public schools of Appleton and Green Bay, and later attended Lawrence College for two years, after leaving which he engaged in mill work, which he continued until 1882, at which time Mr. O'Keefe formed a partnership with Thomas W. Orbison. This company, which does contracting, constructing and engineering has erected most of the mills on the Fox River, but has not confined its operations to this section of the country, as large construction contracts have been accepted as far away as the State of Maine. The firm enjoys a reputation that is second to none in the country, and the partners are especially well known as consulting engineers on hydraulic work.

In 1882, Mr. O'Keefe was married to Mary Hart, of Appleton; daughter of Warren Hart, an early settler of this part of Outagamie county, and five children have been born to this union. The family are members of St. Mary's Catholic Church. In politics, Mr. O'Keefe is an ardent Democrat, but he has found little time to engage in matters of a public nature.

REV. JOHN FAVILLE, who, as pastor of the Congregational Church at Appleton, Wisconsin, became widely known through this city both for his spiritual helpfulness as well as for the executive ability that brought about, within two years, the replacing of the small structure of the congregation by an edifice that ranks with the leading ones of the place. In a wider field Mr. Faville is equally well known. He was the originator, with his brother, Rev. Henry Faville of the Young Men's Sunday Evening Club, an organization which claims membership in every State in the Union. So important and far reaching had become the work of this organization as far back as the World's Fair Congress, that Mr. Faville was requested to address this great body on this subject.

John Faville was born in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, July 7, 1847, a son of Elijah and Eliza (Ostrom) Faville, the former of whom was a native of Herkimer county, New York, and the latter of Wayne county. They were parents of three sons: John and Henry, twins, and Rush E. The older sons both entered the ministry but the youngest adopted agriculture as his business. John Faville attended school at Milford, Jefferson county, later was a student at Lake Mills and subsequently at Lawrence University, where he was graduated in 1871. On leaving his alma mater he became principal of the Milford schools, and one year later accepted the same position at Two Rivers. In 1873 he entered the Theological department of the Boston University, where he was graduated in 1876, and his first charge was the Cotton Street M. E. Church at Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. In the following year he was assigned to the M. E. Church at Fox Lake, where he officiated also as supply pastor for the Congregational body. Later he was transferred to Waupun and from there returned to Fond du Lac, Division Street Methodist Episcopal Church, and three years later accepted the urgent invitation of the Congregational Church at Appleton, with the result above noted. After a pastorate of thirteen years at Appleton, he accepted a call to the First Congregational Church of Peoria, Illinois. After a pastorate of nine years at Peoria he was recalled by the church at Appleton, Wisconsin, where he is now in his fourth year of service. Some of Mr. Faville's public service aside from the ministry has been as a trustee of Lawrence University, of Milwaukee Downer and Northland Colleges, as president of the Anti-Saloon League of Wisconsin and director in the League in Illinois; as contributing editor of "Unity" and director in the Congress of Religions; and as moderator of both the Wisconsin and Illinois Congregational Associations. He has been also a temperance and general lecturer and so great a factor has he been in the ranks of the Prohibition party that in the fall of 1894 he was chosen as that party's candidate for Congress. For years he has written for the press and in every direction his influence has been beneficial and uplifting.

Rev. John Faville was married October 26, 1876, to Miss Louise G. Thayer, a daughter of Henry and Mary A. (Kelly) Thayer, of Massachusetts ancestry. Mr. and Mrs. Faville have two sons and one daughter: Henry T. (deceased); Mildred and John, Jr.

JOHN VAN DEN BOSCH, a prominent and influential citizen and large land owner of Freedom township, where he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits during a long and active career, is now residing on Kaukauna Rural Route No. 12. He is a son of Henry Van Den Bosch, a native of Holland, who came to the United States in 1868 with his wife, Mary, and their son John, and settled in Outagamie county. Henry Van Den Bosch first purchased a tract of forty acres of wild land in Freedom township, which he cleared and cultivated, later adding eighty acres and subsequently twenty acres of land which he made into one of the finest farms in Freedom township. The first family home was a log house, which is still standing on the property, testifying to the excellence of the workmanship of the one who built it, although a fine modern house and large barns have since been erected on the property by John Van Den Bosch, who was born in Holland May 7, 1860. He received his education in his native country and the district schools of Freedom township, and always worked on the home farm, which he inherited at the time of his father's death, January 12, 1906. Since that time he has added eighty acres to the farm through purchase. He is still actively engaged in tilling the soil, although he met with an unfortunate accident in 1910, when he lost his left hand in a corn husker which he was operating. He is an intelligent, practical farmer and operates his land along scientific lines, paying attention to crop rotation and turning out large crops. In 1888 he was married to Wilhelmina Vervort, who was born in Holland in 1868, daughter of Peter Vervort, and six children have been born to this union, namely: Henry, born September 16, 1892; Mathias, born August 20, 1895; Frank, born December 22, 1897; Mary, born November 20, 1900; Peter, born May 5, 1905; and Nellie, born December 11, 1906. Mr. and Mrs. Van Den Bosch are consistent members of St. Nicholas Catholic Church of Freedom.

BERT KUMROW, a well-known resident of Freedom township, Outagamie county, who is engaged in general farming and dairying in section 5, was born September 1, 1866, on his present farm, a son of Herman Kumrow. Herman Kumrow was born in Prussia, Germany, and was engaged in work in his father's mill in that country until coming to the United States at the age of twenty-six years, when he located at once in Milwaukee. While there he was married to Johannah Zeckart, who was born in Germany and was left an orphan at eleven years of age, and they came to Outagamie county about 1860, buying a farm which forms a part, of the present homestead. The land at that time was covered with timber, but after building a log house, Mr. Kumrow started to clear his property, and as he put it under cultivation he added to his acreage from time to time and made improvements in the buildings. He enlisted in the Northern army during the Civil War, but at the beginning of his term of service was taken seriously ill and was sent back home, his sickness lasting for several years. He served his township as school director and treasurer for a number of years and was a well known and prominent citizen. Bert Kumrow was one of a family of seven children, and his education was secured in the district schools and the German school of his neighborhood. He worked on his father's farm until he was nineteen years of age when he went to Beloit, Wisconsin, where he spent two years working for farmers, and then spent a like period among the farmers in the vicinity of Rockford, Illinois. He then went to Ashland, Wisconsin, where for about five months he was employed in the Superior Saw Mill, and when about twenty-three years old he returned to the home farm and for about two years spent his time alternately on the home farm and among the neighboring agriculturists. When he had reached the age of twenty-five years he and his brother Albert bought the home farm and their father retired and with his wife lived with the boys for one year, then going to Duluth, Minnesota. After one and one-half years, however, owing to the severe winters there, they returned to Wisconsin and bought a home in Appleton where they have since resided, Mr. Kumrow celebrating his eighty-first birthday March 18, 1911, and his wife being eighty years old August 10, of that year. The same year that the father went to Duluth, Albert Kumrow was married and Bert lived with him and his wife for eight years, at the end of which time he bought the farm and has since been conducting it. He married Anne Feitense, daughter of John Feitense of Shawano county, and three children have been born to this union: Alma, born January 27, 1901; Meta, born May 13, 1902; and Raymond, born July 2, 1905. Mr. and Mrs. Kumrow are connected with the Moravian Church of Freedom. Mr. Kumrow is engaged in general farming, dairying and stock raising and has been very successful in his operations. His farm is one of the good ones of his locality and its general appearance denotes the presence of excellent management.

NICHOLAS KEIFFER, one of the old and honored residents of Freedom township, and a veteran of the Civil War, in which he served for more than three years, has been prominently identified with the agricultural interests of Outagamie county for a long period. He is a son of John Keiffer, who was born in Luxemburg, Germany, a grist miller by occupation, whose only residence in the United States was for two months during the year 1880, when with his wife, Clara Keiffer, he paid a visit to his son Nicholas. The latter was also born in Germany and came to the United States in 1857, when twenty years of age. He first located in New York State. where he spent two months, and then went to Illinois and worked by the month for several years on farms. He then returned to New York State, having made up his mind to return to the Fatherland, but while there learned that two of his sisters had come to Wisconsin, and eventually he came to this state and settled in Green county. The Civil War breaking out while he was there, in 1861 he enlisted in the Thirteenth Wisconsin Infantry, and served three years and three months with that organization as a private, and after a brave and meritorious service returned to Green county. He remained there only three days, however, when he went to Port Washington, where his sisters resided, and while there, in 1865, was married to Miss Mary Green, born in 1846, daughter of John and Anne Green, natives of Germany who settled at Port Washington, but eventually located in Outagamie county. After his marriage Mr. Keiffer returned to Green county, where he farmed for four vears, anld then came to Outagamie county and rented land for a time. He was eventually able to purchase four acres of land in Freedom township, on which he lived for two years, then purchasing a tract of forty acres, which he cultivated for a period of ten years. He added to his holdings from time to time, and became a large land holder for this part of the country. In 1901 Mr. Keiffer bought his present farm and built a cozy farm house and adequate barns, and here he expects to pass his remaining years. Mr. and Mrs. Keiffer have had fourteen children, of whom three are deceased, namely: Clara, Margaretta and Leo. The survivors are: John, Lena, Annie, Walter, William, Mary, Susan, Rosa, Nicholas, Peter and Henry. The family is connected with the St. Nicholas Church of Freedom. Keiffer was supervisor of the township for one year, but refused reelection when he found he had spent twenty-five dollars over his salary while giving his services.

FRANK KRESSIN, one of Outagamie county's successful self-made men, who has risen to a place of prominence among the agriculturists of Freedom township, is now operating a fine farm in section 32. He is a native of the Fatherland, born February 18, 1856, a son of Herman and Caroline Kressin. Herman Kressin was born February 20, 1834, in Germany, and was there married to Caroline ------------, who was born March 19, 1833, in that country. The family came to the United States in 1870, it then consisting of the parents and the following children: Frank, Herman, Albert, Otto, Edward and Amelia, of whom Otto is now deceased. The family settled in Freedom township, where Mr. Kressin purchased land, and resided there until 1902, when he retired and removed to Appleton, but six years later returned to Frank Kressin's farm, and one year later, in October, 1909, he died, aged seventy-five years. His widow, who survives him and makes her home with her son Frank, is seventy-nine years old. Frank Kressin was fourteen years of age when he accompanied the other members of his family to this country, and his education was all secured in the schools of his native country, he having no chance to take advantage of educational opportunities after coming to the United States, as his services were needed continually on the home farm. His youth and young manhood were spent on the homestead with his parents, but at the age of twenty-five years he left home and began to work as a carpenter in the service of the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad, continuing with that organization for a period covering seventeen years, living in Appleton during that time. In 1890 he was married to Ida Schultz, daughter of Gustave and Augusta Schultz, natives of Germany who came to the United States in 1866 and settled in Freedom township, where Mrs. Kressin was born August 29, 1872. In 1898 Mr. Kressin moved with his family to a farm in Freedom township, about a mile and one-half from the village of Freedom, and resided on that property for ten years, but in 1908 sold that tract and purchased his present property in section 32. He carries on general farming, raising good cattle and marketing dairy products. His buildings are in an excellent state of repair, his land is neatly fenced, and the whole property presents a neat and prosperous appearance. Mr. and Mrs. Kressin are members of the German Lutheran Church of Freedom. They have had three children: Alfred, born January 3, 1897; William, born July 31, 1900, and Linda, born April 13, 1905.

EDWARD H. VOGEL, a sterling citizen and prosperous farmer of Ellington township, who is the owner of a good farming property in Ellington township, is a son of Herman L. Vogel, a native of Prussia, who came to the United States in 1867, settling in the State of Illinois for one year and then going to Greenville township, Outagamie county, for a like period. At that time he bought land in Ellington township, on which he was engaged in farming until his death in 1909. Mr. Vogel married Johanna Lohrenze, also a native of Prussia, who came to America with her parents, and she died in 1890, having been the mother of ten children, as follows: Gustave, Charles, Matilda, Amelia, Mata, Edward H., Helen, Herman, Albert and Walter. Edward H. Vogel received his education in the district schools of Ellington township and the Ryan High School in Appleton, and after leaving the latter began to work by the month on farms, and for two years was in the employ of the Northwestern Railroad. He also worked at carpentering and followed whatever honest occupation presented itself, being industrious and enterprising and always a faithful workman. In 1902 he had accumulated enough to buy the farm of his father in Ellington township, but after working this for five years he sold that property and bought his present tract, which he has brought into a high state of cultivation. He has made numerous improvements on the property, and now stands high among the agriculturists of his township. Mr. Vogel's marriage occurred in 1902, in which year he was united with Myrtle Farnam, who was born on the farm on which she now lives, November 5, 1879, and is a daughter of Eliab and Amelia (Grunert) Farnam, old residents of Ellington township. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Vogel: Esther, Ruth and Glen. They attend the Methodist Episcopal Church of Stephensville, and Mr. Vogel is serving as school treasurer of his district. He is a Republican in politics.

WILLIAM LAIRD, who is engaged in general farming in Ellington township, is a worthy representative of one of Outagamie county's pioneer families. He is a son of Alexander Laird, who was born in Ireland in 1840, and came to the United States in 1857, locating in Ellington township, where he has continued to reside ever since, with the exception of a period when he returned to the old country to marry Agnes Jamison. They had a family of seven children. William Laird was born August 12, 1873, on his father's farm in Ellington township, and he first attended the district schools of this locality. Later he went to the Appleton high school for some time and later took the agricultural course in the University of Wisconsin. He worked on his father's farm until his marriage, in 1901, to Zella Sykes, who was born in Appleton, Wisconsin, daughter of William and Sarah Sykes, the former a native of New York State and the latter of Appleton. Some time prior to his marriage, Mr. Laird had purchased his present farm, formerly known as the Hunter farm, and this he has brought up to a high state of cultivation, by intelligently using scientific methods. He does mixed and dairy farming, keeping a number of purebred Holstein cattle, and his product meets with a ready sale in the markets of this section. Since locating on this property, Laird has erected a fine, modern residence and substantial barns and outbuildings, and has improved it in many other ways, making it one of the fine farms of this section. Mr. Laird is independent in his political views, voting for the man rather than the party. He is a great advocate of education, and has been connected with educational matters here for some time, serving as treasurer of the school district for four years. He and Mrs. Laird are consistent members of the Congregational Church of Ellington. They have four children: Margaret, Dorothy, Grace and Katherine.

CHARLES BREITRICK, who is engaged in cultivating the old Breitrick homestead in Ellington township, is one of the scientific and practical farmers of this part of Outagamie county who has an intimate knowledge of agricultural conditions, He was born in Ellington, Wisconsin, in 1864, and is a son of Karl William and Wilhelmina Herman, and a grandson of Andrew Breitrick, a farmer of Saxony, Prussia, where he spent all of his life. He married Rosa Kroshaus, and they had a family of eight children, of whom Karl William was born April 24, 1822. He received his education in his native country, was reared to the life of an agriculturist, and entered the German army at the age of twenty years. At the expiration of his term of service he returned to his home and settled up the estate of his parents, and then sailed for the United States on the "Alexander Edmond," being on the water for fifty-six days. On arriving in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, he was married to Wilhelmina Herman, who was born in Prussia and came to this country on the same boat with him, and after a short time there removed to New London, but after a season there went to Greenville township and took up 160 acres of land. Five years later he sold out and moved to Ellington township, where he continued to engage in farming until his death, April 23, 1891, his wife having passed away March 27, 1880. They had a family of five children: Albert; Minnie, who married F. E. Saecker of Appleton; Rosa, who married Charles H. Mory of Cicero township; Carrie; and Charles. Charles Breitrick was educated in the public schools of Ellington township, and has always resided on the farm which he is now cultivating. Early in life he was taught to cultivate the traits of thrift and industry, and these, together with an intimate knowledge of agricultural conditions here, have made his ventures a success. On March 17, 1897, Mr. Breitrick was married to Estelle Louisa Taggart, of Kaukauna, and they had three children: Karl Harold, Estelle Mary and John Kenneth Howard. Mrs. Breitrick died May 5, 1905, and on July 7, 1908, Mr. Breitrick was married (second) to Miss Jennie Vanderheiden. They have no children. Mrs. Breitrick is a member of the Methodist Church. In political matters Mr. Breitrick is a Republican.

PATRICK H. PRUNTY, a well-known citizen of Outagamie county, was born in Province Connaught, Ireland, and came to the United States with his brother, Peter, in 1845, when nineteen years of age, settling near Boston, Massachusetts, where he secured employment on farms. In 1851 the brothers started for California, via the Isthmus of Panama, making their way by foot across to the Pacific coast, where they took a vessel. After spending three years in placer mining they returned over the same route, and remained in Boston during the winter of 1855, when they came to Outagamie county, via Milwaukee. Patrick H. Prunty bought the south one-half of section 15, Town 22, range 16 east, in Ellington township. His brother Peter also purchased a quarter section of land north of the town of Stephensville. Patrick H. Prunty sold the east one-half of the southeast quarter of section 15 later on, and still later disposed of another eighty acres, but continued to hold 200 acres, which he developed from a wild waste of timber land on which only a small claim shanty had been built, into a fertile, productive farm with large residence, handsome barns and other farm buildings. On July 18, 1858, he was married to Anna Haffnier, who was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, and came to this country when three years of age in 1837, with her father and mother, John and Nora (Dwyer) Haffnier, who came. to this county in 1848 and settled in Greenville township, where both died. Mr. and Mrs. Prunty have been the parents of ten children, as follows: Peter S., who met an accidental death while operating a threshing machine in South Dakota, August 29, 1885, at the age of twenty-seven years; John H., who died in 1902, when forty-three years old; Patrick L., residing in Canada; Mary J., who married J. P. Crow and lives in South Dakota; Nora E., who married Frank Sheelar, of South Dakota; Michael E., unmarried and living on the homestead; Catherine, who is keeping house for her father in Appleton; Francis T., who married Agnes Corney and lives at Bear Creek; James, living on the homestead; and Anna E., teaching in the Third Ward school, Appleton, Wisconsin.

JAMES PRUNTY, chairman of Ellington township and one of the leading agriculturists of his section, is a son of Patrick H. Prunty. He was born March 15, 1872, on the homestead farm in Ellington township, and after attending the district schools of his neighborhood entered the High school in Appleton, where he continued three years. He then taught district school No. 4, Ellington township, for one year, after which he rented a farm near Aberdeen, South Dakota, for two years. During the two years that followed he was engaged in railroad construction in North Dakota and Minnesota, and he then went to Superior, Wisconsin, where for one year he was engaged in the wood and coal business with his brothers, Patrick L. and Michael E. They also made their headquarters there for jobbing in lumbering, and in 1899 returned to the old homestead. In 1900, with his brother, Michael E., Mr. Prunty began working the home farm for his father, and in 1904 the brothers purchased the land, their father retiring in the following year and moving to Appleton, where he now resides. Mrs. Prunty died during the winter of 1909. On October 6, 1908, Mr. Prunty was married to Lillie Louise Kimm, daughter of Francis and Julia (Downing) Kimm, of Minnesota, Mrs. Prunty having been reared in Mankato, that State. Mr. and Mrs. Prunty have one son, Kimm Patrick, born January 23, 1910. They belong to St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church. In politics Mr. Prunty is a Democrat, but he relies on his own judgment to tell him the best man for the position. He was township clerk for two terms, township assessor for a like period, and in the spring of 1911 was elected to the office of township chairman, in which capacity he is now acting.

JAMES E. HAWLEY, who has developed one of the finest farms in his section of Greenville township through a knowledge of soil and climatic conditions, backed by hard work and good management, is a son of David Hawley, a native of County Tipperary, Ireland. David Hawley came to the United States in young manhood, and was about twenty years of age when he settled in Greenville township, after having spent a short time in Green Bay. He settled on wild timber land, on which he built a little log house, and this was his home until he had cleared and cultivated a part of his farm, when he erected a better home of frame, and here he continued to reside until his death, January 11, 1890. Mr. Hawley married Margarette Sheirdan, who was born in County Wexford, Ireland, and she died January 4, 1906, having been the mother of nine children. James E. Hawley was born August 20, 1876, and received his education in the district schools of Greenville township and St. Mary's school in Appleton. He has always worked on the home farm, and when his father died, his elder brother, Thomas, took charge of the property, being the manager thereof until James E. was nineteen years old when the latter took charge, and so continued until the mother's death in 1906, at which time James E. purchased the interest of the other heirs and has since operated the farm alone. He has been a hard and faithful worker and has brought the land into a high state of cultivation and equipped it with good, substantial barn and outbuildings and with modern power machinery. He carries on general farming and dairying, and the large crops which he raises testify to his ability as a farmer. Mr. Hawley has never married, but since his mother's death his niece, Mary Mailey, daughter of his sister Margaret, has kept house for him. He is a consistent member of St. Mary's Catholic Church of Appleton.

WILLIAM KLITZKE, who is engaged in cultivating eighty acres of fine farming land in Ellington township, is a native of Germany, and was born in 1866, a son of Charles and Fredareka Klitzke. Charles Klitzke was born in the Fatherland and came to the United States in 1881, bringing his wife and four children: August, Minnie, Bertha and William. He purchased the property that is now being cultivated by Herman Klitzke, and there he continued to reside until his retirement, at which time he removed to Appleton, in 1891, and there he now resides. His wife passed away in 1889. William Klitzke received his educational training in the schools of his native country, and accompanied his parents to the United States in 1881. He spent the greater part of his time until he was married at farm work, and after that event he worked for four years in the Appleton paper mills. He then purchased his present eighty-acre farm, on which he has carried on operations to the present time. He built a new residence, remodeled the barn, put in new fencing and made a number of other improvements, making the farm one of the best of its size in this part of the township. He has carried on general farming and dairying, and his efforts have met with well-deserved success. In 1893 Mr. Klitzke was married to Lena Mueller, daughter of Charles and Maria Mueller, of Center, a native of Center township. Mr. and Mrs. Klitzke have had five children: Gordon, who died at the age of nine months; William; Elmer Irvin, Dorothy and Viola. The family is connected with the German Lutheran Church of Ellington.

HERMAIN ZSCHAECHNER, a wide-awake and progressive citizen and one of the leading agriculturists of Greenville township, where he is the owner of a farm of 165 acres, is a native of Germany, where he was born November 24, 1842, a son of Christian and Margaret (Shstdell) Zschaechner, natives of the Fatherland who never came to the United States. He attended the schools of Kreilbar, Germany, and came to the United States in 1870, first settling in Pennsylvania, where he secured work in a tannery, continuing there one year and then removing to Grand Chute township, where he worked as a carpenter, a trade he had learned in his native country. After seven years spent there, Mr. Zschaechner sold his property and removed to the farm on which he now makes his home, his first purchase being eighty acres, to which he added eighty-five acres 18 years later. He operates this property with the assistance of his sons, and has been very successful in general and dairy farming. He has a thorough knowledge of agricultural conditions in this section, is an expert on crop location, and proves by the large crops that he raises and of which he easily disposes that he is an excellent farmer. In political matters he is a Republican, but he has not found time to engage actively in public matters. The family belongs to the Lutheran Church. On August 20, 1870, Mr. Zschaechner was married to Paulina Plueberger, who was born in the old country but married Mr. Zschaechner in America, and to this union there have been born eight children: Minnie; who resides at home; Anna, who married Gust Schneider, a resident of Minnesota; Hulda, who married Louis Becker, a Grand Chute township farmer; and Clara, Emma, Alma, Herman and Otto, all single and residing on the homestead farm.

CLARENCE N. NUTTING. This gentleman, who is ranked among the progressive and public-spirited farmer citizens of Greenville township, is operating a fine dairy farm on 127 acres, and is a native of Jefferson county, Wisconsin, where he was born September 13, 1871, a son of Lucien A. and Amelia (Nutting) Nutting, the former born March 27, 1848, and the latter in 1850, in the same county. Lucien A. Nutting was a carpenter by trade, and for some years followed that occupation in the town of Farmington, but now devotes his entire time to his trade in the town of Baraboo. He and his first wife had but one child, she dying when Clarence N. was only three weeks old, and since then he has been married twice, his third wife having borne him one son, Charles, who resides near Seymour. Clarence N. Nutting attended the district schools in Farmington, as well as a high school in Fort Atkinson, and made his home with his grandfather from the time he was three weeks old until his marriage, when he rented and bought land in Jefferson county, and resided there six years. At the end of that time he located on his present farm in Greenville township, a well-cultivated tract of 127 acres, which he devotes to dairy farming, making a specialty of Holstein cattle, and White Chester and Ohio Improved hogs. He is independent in his political views, voting for the man from whom he thinks the community can get the most benefit. Nutting was married March 9, 1898, to Cora Potter, who was born in Jefferson county, June 20, 1878, daughter of Ferman and Jane (Cory) Potter, the former a native of New York State and the latter of England. They came to Wisconsin about 1846, and here Mr. Potter became well known and highly esteemed, accumulated property and continued to work his farm until his health failed, at which time he went to live with his son in Oakland township, where his death occurred. His widow now makes her home with Mr. and Mrs. Nutting. The latter was the fifth of a family of seven children. Mr. and Mrs. Nutting have had three children, born as follows: Nelson, December 20, 1899; Elwin, born January 8, 1905: and Lenora, born March 30, 1910.

CHARLES WIEDENHAUPT, who is ranked among the public-spirited citizens and skilled farmers of Buchanan township, is the owner of a farm of 143 acres, situated in section 35. Born in Germany, Mr. Wiedenhaupt is a son of Henry and Charlotte Wiedenhaupt, who came to America in 1863, settling first in Menasha, Wisconsin, for fifteen years, where Mr. Wiedenhaupt worked in the hub and spoke factory. He then purchased sixty acres in section 26, Buchanan township, and lived there until 1906, when he retired, and is now living with his son William in Kaukauna, being eighty years of age. His wife died in the spring of 1901, aged seventy-three years, and was buried in the Appleton Cemetery. Charles Wiedenhaupt was born October 7, 1863, the third child of a family of seven, and worked for his father until his marriage, September 13, 1894, to Miss Mary Zarnott, who was born September 29, 1873, the third of the five children born to Fred and Christina Zarnott, natives of Germany. Mrs. Wiedenhaupt's parents were married in the Fatherland and came to America about 1867, settling in Manitowoc county, where they have resided ever since, Mr. Zarnott being seventy- three years of age and his wife seventy. Mr. and Mrs. Wiedenhaupt have had seven children: Alfred, Charles, Odana, Benjamin, William, Viola and Rachel. Mr. Wiedenhaupt has 130 acres of his property under cultivation, all of it being fenced with barbed wire, and he carries on general farming, stock raising and dairying, marketing his dairy products, hay, grain, potatoes, poultry, hogs and cattle. He milks ten Jersey cows, keeps Berkshire hogs and breeds to Belgian horses. He erected his modern frame house in 1894 and built his basement barn, 40x80, in 1901, having bought the property two years before his marriage and resided on it since that event. He is a Republican in political matters and with his family attends the Lutheran Church of Kaukauna.

HERMAN TAYLOR HARDACKER, in whose death, which occurred November 30, 1909, Ellington township lost one of its most prominent citizens, was known all over Outagamie county as a farmer, business man and public official, and in every walk of life sustained a reputation for honesty and integrity. Born in Ellington township, November 20, 1854, Mr. Hardacker was a son of James and Elizabeth Hardacker, the former born in Nova Scotia in 1818. He came to Wisconsin as a young man and settled in the southern part of the State, but later moved to Ellington township, and there died December 12, 1857, his widow, also a native of Nova Scotia, surviving until 1861. Herman T. Hardacker was one of nine children, and he received his education in the district schools of his native neighborhood, but was not given unusual advantages as his father died when he was three years old and his mother when he was just past six, and he was compelled to go to work when he was still a youth. At the age of nineteen years he purchased forty acres of the homestead, on which he began farming. From time to time he added to his acreage, until at the time of his death he had a well-cultivated tract of 180 acres, finely equipped with modern buildings and operated with the latest machinery. Mr. Hardacker was progressive in his ideas, and even as a young man advocated the use of power machinery in all farming operations. He was the owner of a complete threshing outfit which he operated during season, and was the first man to use successfully in the county a self-feeder and cyclone stacker. He was always prominent politically, being an adherent of Republican principles. In addition to being one of the first directors of the county insane asylum and a member of the board for fourteen years, he held numerous school offices, was president of the Home Mutual Insurance Company of Ellington for thirteen years, served on the township board and was chairman of Ellington township for many years. As a public official and private citizen he had the esteem and respect of all who knew him and who could recognize and appreciate his many admirable traits of character. With Mrs. Hardacker he attended the Baptist Church at Hortonville. In 1876 Mr. Hardacker was married to Miss Emma A. Jack, who was born December 25, 1858, in Greenville township, daughter of Hiram and Mary (Hunter) Jack, the former born in New Brunswick and the latter in Scotland. They came to the United States in 1854, locating in Greenville township, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Hardacker, of whom two, Clyde H. and Wayne Clinton, are deceased. The survivors are Glenn Marshall, Jennie Emma, Jessie Belle, Ona Mildred and Marian Elizabeth.

JOSEPH KLEIN, whose life has been spent in agricultural pursuits on the farm of 160 acres on which he now resides in section 29, Buchanan township, was born on this property December 12, 1872, and is a son of Matt and Anna M. (Roerig) Klein, the former a native of Germany and the latter of Wisconsin. They were married in this State, immediately thereafter buying eighty acres of land in Buchanan township, at that time covered with timber, and Klein first cut down trees, hewed them into logs and built a small house, and here he continued to work at clearing and cultivating and from time to time adding to his property, until his retirement in the fall of 1909, since which time he and Mrs. Klein have lived in Appleton, he having reached the age of seventy-one years and she being sixty-three. Eight of their ten children are living, and of these Joseph was the second in order of birth. He received a district school education and worked for his father until nearly twenty-eight years of age, when he began working for wages and so continued for five months. He was married April 9, 1901, to Miss Frances Feypel, daughter of Michael and Catherine (Victor) Feypel, natives of Belgium, where Mrs. Klein was also born, March 12, 1879. They came to America in 1895 and settled in Appleton, but after five years moved to Dorchester, where they are now engaged in farming eighty acres of land, Mr. Feypel having reached the age of fifty-eight and his wife fifty-six years. Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Klein, of whom five are living: Frances, Michael, Chrecentia, Matthew and Rosella. Mr. Klein has 110 acres under the plow, all fenced with barbed wire, and he does general farming and markets dairy products, hay and grain. In politics he is a Democrat, and he has served as a member of the school board for one term. He and his family are members of the Catholic Church of Kimberly, Buchanan township.

JOSEPH P. FASSBENDER, conducting an excellent general farm in Ellington township, Outagamie county, was born August 20, 1868, on his present farm, and is a son of Peter and Elizabeth (Nettenkoven) Fassbender. His grandfather, John F. Fassbender, was born in 1811, in Germany, and married Miss Sarah Bel, a native of Prussia. Three children were born to them, of whom Peter was the father of Joseph P. He was born December 22, 1838, in Oedecoven, near the Rhine, Prussia, and in 1856 came to the United States with his parents, the family landing at New York, from whence they made their way to Granville, Milwaukee county, Wisconsin. After the death of his mother, Peter Fassbender removed to Madison, Wisconsin, securing work on a farm until August, 1862, when he was married to Miss Elizabeth Nettenkoven, who was born in Prussia in October, 1839, and they had nine children: Annie, John M., Joseph P., Conrad, Francis, Hubert, Lizzie, Henry and Maggie. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Fassbender resided on rented land for one year and then moved to Ellington township, where he purchased sixty acres of timbered land, to which in later years he added eighty acres, and rebuilt the house and barns, continuing to reside on this property until his retirement in 1902, since which time he has been living quietly in Appleton. Joseph P. Fassbender received his education in the district schools in the neighborhood of his father's farm, and he has always remained on the home place, of which he took charge at the age of thirty years, and three years later he bought the land. In 1902 Mr. Fassbender was married to Miss Josephine Ellenbecker, daughter of John and Barbara Ellenbecker of Center township, and they have five children: Barbara, Elizabeth, William, Henrietta and Eleanor. Mr. and Mrs. Fassbender are members of the Catholic Church at Greenville. Mr. Fassbender carries on mixed farming and also does dairying, keeping a fine herd of blooded Holstein cattle, and being the owner of the prize-winning registered bull "Cornucopia Haegerfeldt."

JOHN WITTMANN, one of the leading agriculturists of Buchanan township, who is operating 440 acres of fine farming land, 226 acres of which are located in Outagamie county and the remainder in Calumet county, just across the county line, resides in section 32, Buchanan township. His parents, Joseph and Monica (Steger) mWittmann, were natives of Germany and came to the United States in early life, being married in Milwaukee. They then moved to Menasha, but after one year went to Maple Grove, Calumet county, and spent ten years on a farm, which they sold to purchase sixty-two acres in section 32, Buchanan township. Eleven years later Mr. Wittmann bought sixty-two acres of land in Harrison township, Calumet county, just across the line, and there his death occurred in December, 1889, when he was seventy-five years old, his widow surviving until August, 1908, when she passed away at the age of seventy-six years, and both are buried in the cemetery at Darboy. John Wittmann was the second of a family of nine children, of whom five are living, and he remained at home until he was twenty-four years of age. On November 16, 1882, he was married to Miss Margaret Mueller, daughter of George and Catherine (Keipes) Mueller, natives of Luxemburg, Germany, who were married in that country and came to the United States in the spring of 1860. They settled first in Calumet county, on a part of Mr. Wittmann's present 925 farm, buying eighty acres of wild land on which Mr. Mueller built a log house, the logs for which were cut and hewed by himself. He continued to reside here until after the war, developing and cultivating his land, and then bought 120 acres in Buchanan township, which property is now being operated by Henry Schaffer. He then bought eighty acres in Calumet county, to which he moved two years later, still retaining his other property and lived there fifteen years, when he again located on the 120-acre farm in Buchanan township, and there his wife died March 17, 1893, aged fifty-six years, while he still survives and makes his home with Mr. Schaffer. Mrs. Mueller was buried at Darboy Cemetery. Mrs. Wittmann was the second of a family of six children, of which two are living today, and was born July 26, 1863. She and Mr. Wittmann have been the parents of twelve children: Margaret, single and living at home, who has been given a special education in music and drawing; Catherine, who was also given a musical education; and George, Arthur, Michael, Joseph, Hugo, Wilfred, Hildegard, Angeline, Isadore and Andrew. After his marriage Mr. Wittmann engaged in farming for himself on the place which he now owns, then a tract of 166 acres, but after two years leased this property and rented the farm of his father-in-law for six years, after which he returned to his present property which he has been operating ever since, adding to his holdings from time to time until he now owns 440 acres, 410 acres of which are under cultivation, fenced with barbed and woven wire. He does general farming and stock raising, marketing dairy products, hogs and cattle, grain and hay. He milks thirty-two cows, keeping graded Holstein and Short Horns, and also breeds Poland-China hogs. In 1891 Mr. Wittmann built his modern residence which has eleven rooms not including clothes closets and pantries, and one year later he erected a good frame barn, which has since been remodeled twice, today standing 100x30 feet and 100x34 feet in dimensions. He gets his water supply from drilled wells, fitted with windmills and gasoline motor. Mr. Wittmann has also interested himself in fruit culture and has about 100 fruit trees of various kinds. Mrs. Wittmann is a member of the Lady Foresters, auxiliary to the Catholic Order of Foresters, St. Johannis Court of Little Chute, No. 555. In political matters Wittmann is a Democrat, while the family's religious connection is with the Holy Angel Church of Darboy, Buchanan township.

AUGUST WUNDROW, who has spent his entire life on the farm which he now operates, a tract of 127 acres situated on sections 26, 27 and 33, Buchanan township, has been prominently identified with the agricultural and public interests of this district for a number of years. Mr. Wundrow was born on this property, December 19, 1870, and is a son of Frederick and Johanna (Harp) Wundrow, natives of the Fatherland, who were married in Germany and came to America shortly thereafter, settling first in New York. They came to Wisconsin before the outbreak of the Civil War, Mr. Wundrow's first wife dying in Menasha, in which city he was again married. After his second marriage, Mr. Wundrow came to Outagamie county, and bought seventy-two acres of land, a part of the property that is now being operated by his son August, at that time all wild land. He had to cut down trees and hew logs to build his first log home, a structure 18x24 feet, and here he resided until his death, November 30, 1904, aged seventy-three years, at which time he had a farm of eighty acres in a high state of cultivation. Mrs. Wundrow died August 27, 1907, aged seventy-six years and both were buried in Riverside Cemetery, Appleton. There were eight children born to Frederick and Johanna (Harp) Wundrow, and August was the seventh in order of birth. He has always resided on the home property, and after the death of his father purchased the interests of the other heirs. He was married November 18, 1896, to Miss Louisa Hupfauf, who was born February 24, 1878, the eldest of the four children of George and Julia (Roglar) Hupfauf, natives of Germany who came to America in early life and were married in Calumet county, where Mr. Hupfauf still resides. Mrs. Wundrow died December 25, 1902, and is buried at Riverside cemetery, having been the mother of three children: Arthur, Walter and Elsie, the latter of whom died in childhood. On July 13, 1904, Mr. Wundrow was married (second) to Miss Mary Gergs, born June 16, 1884, in Chicago, Illinois, the sixth of the eight children born to John and Matilda (Frause) Gergs, natives of Germany. They were married in the Fatherland and first emigrated to London, but after five years there came to the United States and located in Chicago. They came thence to Marshfield, Wisconsin, when Mrs. Wundrow was but a child, and they still reside at that place, Mr. Gergs being sixty-three years of age and his wife fifty-seven. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Wundrow: Adela, Harvey and Elsie. Mr. Wundrow has all but five acres of his land under cultivation, and it is all fenced by barbed and woven wire. He carries on general farming and stock raising, markets dairy, products, cattle and some grain, and milks ten graded Short Horn and Guernsey cows. He keeps Poland-China hogs and breeds to Belgian horses, having an interest in the Belgian stud. His barn is 34x56 feet, and was built in 1875 and remodeled in 1911, when a basement was added and patent stanchions were put in. Another barn, 32x44 feet, was built in 1880, and the residence, a frame, two-story structure of nine rooms, in 1882. His water supply is secured from drilled wells. In politics, Mr. Wundrow is a Republican, and for four years he has been a member of the board of supervisors, as well as having been a member of the school board for six years. The family religious connection is with the Zion Lutheran Church of Appleton.

WILLIAM DEGAL, who has spent his life in agricultural pursuits in Dale township, is now the owner of eighty acres of fine farming land in section 22, a part of the homestead on which he was born March 4, 1865, a son of Martin and Hannah (Zehner) Degal. Martin Degal was born in Germany and came to America lwhen three years of age, his parents settling in Pennsylvania where he married Hannah Zehner, a native of the Keystone State. After their marriage they came to Outagamie county and settled on the farm in Dale township that is now owned by their son William, and here Mr. Degal died June 18, 1896, at the age of sixty-six years, and his widow still survives him, being eighty years of age. William Degal was the second of his parents' three children, and he has always resided on the home farm, which he took charge of at the time of his father's death. He has his land all under cultivation, fenced with barbed wire and nicely graded. He does general farming, markets dairy products, hogs, sugar beets, potatoes and corn, and milks eleven cows the year around. He breeds to Holstein cattle and keeps Poland-China hogs. Mr. Degal erected his basement barn in 1895, and he has a modern brick residence and substantial outbuildings, the whole property showing the beneficent effects of able management. Mr. Degal is a member of the N. F. L. and is a Democrat in politics, while his religious connection is with the Lutheran Church, of which Mrs. Degal is a member. On March 2, 1897, Mr. Degal was married to Miss Lena Herbst, daughter of Fred and Catherine Herbst, natives of Germany, who were married and settled in Dale township, where they are now living retired, Mr. Herbst being seventy-one years old and his wife three years younger. Mrs. Degal was the sixth of a family of ten children and was born in June, 1872. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Degal: Doris and Willis.

JOHN MENTING, one of the old and honored residents of Buchanan township, Outagamie county, who has been engaged in farming and gardening in this locality for many years, is now carrying on operations on a neat little tract of land in section 24. He was born May 8, 1838, in Holland, the youngest son of the nine children of John and Wilhelmina Menting, who never left their native country. Mr. Menting was thirty-one years of age when he came to the United States, settling in the township of Little Chute in May, 1869. He lived in that township for two years and then came to Buchanan township, where he purchased thirty-three acres of land which was almost all cleared, and in later years he improved the remainder of the property and disposed of twenty-six acres. He works the seven remaining acres and is engaged principally in gardening, although he also rents some land and farms it. Menting is a Democrat in his political views, but has never cared to hold office. With his family he is a consistent attendant of the Catholic Church of Kimberly. In 1874, Mr. Menting was married to Miss Katie Tillman, a native of Wisconsin, whose parents, John and Annie Tillman, were married in this State and spent the balance of their lives here, her mother dying in Shawano county. Menting, who was the third of her parents' nine children, was born February 20, 1854, and died May 29, 1901, being buried at Kaukauna. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Menting: John, of Buchanan township, is married and has seven children; Mary married Herman Janssen, living with Mr. Menting, and has four children; and Henry, living in Niagara, Wisconsin, is married and has one child.

CONRAD GIEBEL, a prosperous farmer owning eighty acres of fertile land in section 30, Dale township, is one of the representative agriculturists of Outagamie county. He was born in Germany, October 1, 1845, being a son of Conrad and Elizabeth (Hengle) Giebel, who came to America in 1857, settling in Dale township, this county. Here the father invested in twenty-five acres of land just north of the village of Dale. At that time the land was covered with timber, but the sturdy German pioneer cut off the trees, built a log house and he and his sons placed the property under cultivation. This continued to be his home for a quarter of a century, when he sold it to one of his sons, he and his wife residing there still. However, in 1881, this son died, and for the following five years, the aged parents lived with their other children. In that year, the father died, in his eightieth year. The mother then went to live with Conrad Giebel, dying in his home in 1897, aged eighty-two years. Both parents were interred in Dale cemetery. Conrad Giebel, Jr., was the fourth in a family of seven children. When he was twenty-six years old, he bought eighty acres in Bear Creek township, Waupaca county, and spent seven years there, but then sold the property, returning to the homestead. After a year he left to buy his present farm upon which he has lived ever since. Forty acres of his farm are under cultivation, and enclosed with barbed wire and rail fences. He carries on general farming, raising dairy products, hogs, cattle, feeding his hay and grain to his stock, which he markets. In 1871, Mr. Giebel was married to Miss Phiana Zehren, born February 6, 1850, third child of five children born to her parents, John and Mary Zehren, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Wisconsin in 1854, locating in Outagamie county. The father died in Dale township, in October, 1900, aged eighty-two years, but his widow survives, being now in her ninetieth year. There is no issue of the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Giebel. Giebel is a Democrat, and he and his wife belong to the Lutheran Church of Dale, towards which they contribute generously. Giebel is another example of what can be accomaplished by the live, progressive farmers of the present day, who employ modern methods in their work, and raise only the best quality of products.

MARTIN HERMSEN, a. well known general farmer and dairyman of Vandenbroek township, who has developed an excellent property from what was originally a wild, uncultivated tract, was born in the woods of Vandenbroek township, December 17, 1861, and is a son of George and Elizabeth (Geurts) Hermsen. George Hernsen, who was a native of Holland, came to the United States with his wife and three children, Peter, Gertrude and John, the, family locating in Kaukauna township, Outagamie county, in 1855, Mr. Hermsen purchasing wild land, on which he built a log house with a wooden chimney. He set about to cultivate his land, and at the time of his death, in 1883, when sixty-four years of age, he was not only one of the prominent farmers of his locality, but had filled various township offices, including those of school clerk and supervisor. His wife passed away in 1907, when eighty-nine years old. Four children were born to them after coming to this county, namely: George, Hannah, Martin and Mary. Martin Hermsen received his education in the district schools of the neighborhood of the home farm, and worked on the homestead for his father until he had reached the age of twenty-five years, when he purchased his present property from his father, and here he has resided ever since. There were no buildings on this land when Mr. Hermsen took possession, and but little clearing had been done on the land, but he was earnest in his efforts and now has a well-cultivated property, equipped with fine modern structures. General farming and dairy work have claimed his attention, and he is considered one of the good agriculturists of his section. Mr. Hermsen was treasurer of the township for one term, and for many years has served in a like position on the school board. He and his family belong to St. John's Catholic Church of Little Chute. In 1886 Mr. Hermsen was married to Cornelia Van Gompel, who was born in Vandenbroek township, daughter of Martin Van Gompel, and eight children have been born to this union, namely: George, Mary, Kathrine, Elizabeth, Peter, Henry, Herbert and Martha. The five oldest children, after diligent attendance at district school No. 4, received diplomas, respectively, in 1903, 1904, 1904, 1908 and 1911. Henry and Herbert are now attending the district school, while Martha., the youngest, is but five years of age.

HENRY J. GALLOW, one of Dale township's enterprising and progressive agriculturists, who has made a success of his 100-acre farm in section 11, is a native of Outagamie county, having been born in Appleton, October 19, 1876, a son of John and Catherine (Rench) Gallow. Mr. Gallow's parents, who were natives of Germany, were married in Cleveland, Ohio, and came to Wisconsin about 1875, locating in Appleton, where they resided until 1898, in that year selling their home and moving to a farm of ninety-nine acres near Hortonville, where Mr. Gallow died April 18, 1903. His widow, who survives him, is aged fifty-nine years. Henry J. Gallow was the second of his parents' five children, and he remained at home until he had reached his twenty-second year, at which time he commenced working on rented property. After three years he purchased a tract of ninety acres, located four miles west of Hortonville and lived there for five years, and in the fall of 1907 he purchased the property which he is now operating. On September 6, 1899, Mr. Gallow was married to Lydia E. Heger, daughter of Fred and Amelia (Warnes) Heger, natives of Germany who came to America in childhood and were married in Jefferson county, Wisconsin. They resided in that county until 1880, in which year they came to Outagamie county and settled on a farm of 140 acres near Hortonville. They lived on this property until their retirement in 1901, when they removed to Hortonville, and they now reside at that place, Mr. Heger being sixty-two years old and his wife one year younger. Mrs. Gallow was the fourth of their eight children and was born February 13, 1878. Six children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Gallow: Esther, Leo, Benjamin, Ruth, Walter and Margaret, of whom Walter died in infancy. Mr. Gallow has sixty-five acres of his land under cultivation, principally fenced with woven wire, and he carries on general farming, marketing potatoes, dairy products, hogs and cattle. He has nine milch cows, and keeps Holstein cattle, Poland-China hogs and Percheron and French Coach horses. He has made a number of improvements on his property since locating here, including a fine barn, with cemented basement and patent stanchions. Mr. Gallow is a Democrat in his political views and is at present a member of the township board of supervisors. With his family he attends the Lutheran Church at Hortonville.

JOHN HERMSEN, one of the good, practical agriculturists of Vandenbroek township, where he owns a valuable tract of farming land, was born in Holland, December 10, 1854, and is a son of George and Elizabeth (Geurts) Hermsen. George Hermsen came to the United States with his wife and three children, Peter, Gertrude and John, in 1855, the family locating at once in Outagamie county, where Mr. Hermsen purchased land in the township of Kaukauna, now Vandenbroek township. At that time the country in this neighborhood was all raw, uncultivated land, with no improvements whatever, and Mr. Hermsen felled trees, hewed logs, and built a log house with a wooden chimney. Later he erected a new and better house, which has since been replaced by a new and better one by the son-in-law, John Vandenhooven. Mr. and Mrs. Hermsen lived on this property during the remainder of their lives, he dying in 1883, when sixty-four years of age, and she passing away in January, 1907, when she had attained the age of eighty-nine years. The children that were born to this couple after coming to the United States were: George, Hannah, Martin and Mary. The father became a prominent man in his community, serving his township as school clerk for twenty years and as supervisor for one year. John Hermsen was still an infant when the family came to America, and he received his education in the district schools of Vandenbroek township. Until he was large enough to go out among the farmers of his neighborhood, he worked on the home farm, but at the age of eighteen years he went north and worked in a sawmill, his wages being given to his parents. He so continued seven years, and in 1880 he was married to Hattie Gloudemans, who was born in Vandenbroek township, in 1859, daughter of Adrian Gloudemans. Twelve children were born to this union, two of whom, Martha and Peter, died in infancy. The survivors are: Jane, Elizabeth, George, Annie, Mary, Minnie, John, Martin, Rose and Delia. After his marriage Mr. Hermsen purchased the property which he is now operating, and has greatly improved the farm, replacing the log house and barn with modern frame structures. He carries on general farming and markets dairy products, while he raises some cattle for his own use. He is a member of St. John's Church of Little Chute, in the faith of which Mrs. Hermsen died, May 17, 1903.

DAVID ZEHNER, who for the past eight years has served in the capacity of clerk of Dale township, is the owner of a magnificent farm of 207 acres situated in section 27, and for a number of years has been closely identified with the agricultural and political life of this community. He is a native of Dale township, and was born January 18, 1862, a son of Abraham and Mary (Zehner) Zehner, natives of Pennsylvania who were married in Ohio. They came to Dale township in October, 1853, purchasing eighty acres of raw woodland, on which they lived until Mr. Zehner's retirement in 1882, when they removed to the village of Medina, where Mrs. Zehner died January 9, 1893, Mr. Zehner following her to the grave three months later, on April 14, when his death occurred at the home of his daughter in Dale. Both were seventy-six years of age, and were buried in the West Medina Cemetery. David Zehner was the youngest of a family of ten children and remained at home until he was twenty-one years of age, at which time he commenced working for wages at the painting and paper hanging trade, which he followed for nine years, in connection with working in the woods during the winter months. He then purchased thirteen acres of land in Medina, which he cultivated when he could spare the time from his trade, and in 1893 sold this land and purchased eighty acres of land in Dale township, this being a part of the land which he now owns. This land had been partly improved and there was a log house and frame barn on the property, and he cultivated this tract for nine years, when he added eighty acres by purchase from an uncle. He resided on the new purchase until 1911, when he removed to his modern residence, and he now rents to his son-inlaw, who is operating the property. In 1885, Mr. Zehner was married to Miss Eliza A. Diley, daughter of John and Rosanna (Hanselman), Diley, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Wurtemberg, Germany. Mrs. Diley came to the United States with her parents and she and Mr. Diley were married in the Keystone State. During the early '50s they came to Wisconsin and settled in Outagamie county, but later removed to Waupaca county, and both died in the township of Caledonia, and are buried in Pine Grove Cemetery at Dale. Mrs. Zehner was the seventh of their family of eight children, and was born March 19, 1860. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Zehner: Bessie E., who married Otto Doshner, is now living in Dale township and has two children; Norma E., who married Leonard Doshner, is living on the homestead; and David W., is single and living at home. Zehner now has about 100 acres under the plow and all is fenced with barbed and woven wire. He carries on general farming and stock raising and markets dairy products, hogs, cattle, sugar beets and potatoes, and feeds his hay and grain. He milks about twelve cows throughout the year, and keeps Poland-China hogs and breeds to Percheron horses. His residence is 18x26 feet on both sides, consisting of ten rooms, which are fitted with all modern conveniences. He also has a basement barn, 36x74 feet, and numerous outbuildings for the shelter of his stock, grain and machinery. A good driven well, with windmill attachment, furnishes the farm with water and in addition there is a clear, cool spring with a spring house built around it. Mr. Zehner is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and his religious connection is with the Baptist Church of Dale. He has been prominent in Democratic politics, serving as chairman of the township board for five years, as clerk of the school board for seven years, as delegate to the county convention three years and as delegate to the State convention at the time of William Jennings Bryan's first nomination, and for the past eight years has served as township clerk. For about two years he was a director in the Home Insurance Company, and he is now serving as a notary public.

WENZEL HEINDL, who ranks high among the agriculturists of Vandenbroek township, is now one of the large land owners of his community, and is operating an excellent property of over 200 acres. He is a native of Bohemia, and was born February 21, 1856, a son of Joseph and Barbara Heindl. Joseph Heindl came to the United States with his wife and four children, George, Joseph, Martin and Wenzel, in 1857, and settled in Washington county, town of Wayne, Wisconsin, purchasing land on which he resided for eleven years. He then bought another farm in the northeastern part of Washington county, town of Trenton, which he cleared and improved, and there his death occurred in 1905, when he was eighty-seven years of age, his widow surviving him one year and also being eighty-seven years old at the time of her demise. Two other children were born to them after coming to the United States, namely: Mary and Nicholas. Wenzel Heindl received his education in the district schools of Washington county and as a lad and young man worked on his father's farm. When he was twenty-three years of age he came to Outagamie county, and bought eighty acres of land in Vandenbroek township, which formed the nucleus for his present fine farm. At that time the property was covered with brush, no improvements had been made and the land was destitute of buildings, but Mr. Heindl cleared and cultivated the tract, putting it into a high state of cultivation, erected modern, substantial buildings and made improvements that make the farm compare favorably with any in the township. In 1881 he was married to Matilda Juchimich of Appleton, and to that union there was born one child: Hubert Martin. Mrs. Heindl died in 1883, and in the following year Mr. Heindl was married to Christina Neinhouse, born in Washington county, Wisconsin, whence her parents had come from Germany. Eight children were born to Mr. Heindl's second marriage: Frank Joseph, Nicholas, Mary, William, George, Andrew and Magdaline, and Bernard, who died when two and one-half years old. Mr. Heindl has always been known as a public-spirited citizen, and his fellow townsmen elected him to the office of supervisor for five years, and he is now serving his third term as school director of his district. With his wife he attends Holy Cross Catholic Church of Kaukauna.

DWIGHT W. DEAN, who has been identified with the interests of Appleton, Wisconsin, for the past eight years, is one of the practical business men who contribute stability to the commercial reputation of the places in which they reside and at the same time by this diligent interest make up the best class of citizens. Mr. Dean was born in 1865, a notable year in the history of these United States, in the State of New York, and is a son of Tower J. and Esther Dean. The father was a carpenter and subsequently became a contractor and spent his entire life in New York, where his death occurred in 1896, having survived his wife for one year. Their family contained four sons and four daughters. Dwight W. Dean had intelligent parentage and was sent to the public schools in his native State where he completed the ordinary course and afterward made himself useful in assisting his father. It was in 1879 that Mr. Dean came to Wisconsin, locating in Waupaca county, where he built the first cheese factory and was a pioneer in the wholesale business in this industry. From Waupaca county in 1881 he came to Dale, in Outagamie county, and here he also erected the first factory of this kind ever built in the county, in which county he discovered fine business opportunities and at one time had five cheese factories in operation here and was, more or less, the real exploiter of what became known as one of the choicest products of Outagamie county. In June, 1893, Mr. Dean came to Appleton where he erected a large warehouse close to the depot, and went into the business of handling cheese, butter and all dairy products, and built also a cold storage plant and subsequently a second warehouse and additionally has a warehouse at Seymour. In his various undertakings Mr. Dean has been very successful and is now in the enjoyment of an annual business that approaches $500,000 and the outlook for the future is most encouraging. In his different plants he employs from five to twenty men. Mr. Dean was married May 26, 1878, to Miss Helene Wilson, a native of Waupaca county, Wisconsin, and they have had eight children, three of whom died in infancy. The survivors are: Pearl, who is the wife of William Usherman, resides at Green Bay; S. L., who is associated with his father in business, lives at Oshkosh; R. E., who is also in business with his father; Mabel, who is the wife of Frank Murphy; and Hazel, who lives at home. Mr. Dean and family attend the Congregational Church.

ARNOLD HURKMAN, one of the pioneers of Outagamie county, Wisconsin, who for many years was well known as a leading agriculturist and large land owner of Vandenbroek township, was a native of Holland, and came to the United States when a lad of sixteen years. He had always cherished a great ambition to become a mighty hunter and on first arriving in this country displayed what his conception of the New World had been by marching down Broadway, New York, with his shot-gun on his shoulder, looking for "b'ar." He soon came West, settling in Minnesota, but after a short time heard that the hunting was good in Wisconsin and subsequently came to Outagamie county, locating on the south side of the Fox River, one-half mile from the city of Kaukauna, where he bought a small tract of land, built a little log cabin and began raising potatoes and pork, which he traded to the Indians for skins. After one year, in partnership with a friend, Henry Hammond, he bought 200 acres of land north of Kaukauna, and in dividing the property, Mr. Hurkman gave Hammond a double-barrelled shotgun for twenty acres of his share. In a few years he bought 180 acres more, just east of the original purchase, and in 1872 he erected a log house which still stands, and in which his hired help lived. Eventually, he sold off all of his land but 120 acres which became his home farm, and there he continued to reside until his death, April 17, 1886, when he was fifty-eight years of age. In 1858 he was married to Jane Verstegen of Little Chute, who died one year later, and in 1861 Mr. Hurkman was married to Hedrina Berendsen, who came from Holland with her parents, Henry and Katherina Berendsen, locating in Freedom township. To this union there were born six children: Mrs. Annie Deering; Mrs. Mary Gloudemans; Mrs. Nellie Vandenberg; John B., born July 11, 1872; Henry L., born July 8, 1874; and Bernard W., born October 16, 1877. Mrs. Hurkman died December 27, 1910, aged seventy-seven years, in the faith of the Holy Cross Catholic Church of Kaukauna, of which her husband had also been a member. The three Hurkman brothers were educated in the Parochial school of the Holy Cross Church, and as lads they worked on their father's farm. In 1893 John Hurkman went to Appleton, where he lived for two years, and then, with his brother-in-law, G. Deering, he rented and operated the home farm for four years. The younger brothers, John B., Henry L. and Bernard W., then rented the home place and operated it for a year, and in 1900 the three boys bought the home place, which they have since operated as a dairy farm. They sell and deliver milk to the city of Kaukauna, having the largest dairy business there. They have made numerous improvements to the home place, including the erection of a new $5,000 dairy barn, and they have also added to the acreage of the property, buying 163 acres to the east in 1901, and in 1911 purchased 74 acres to the east of that. The production of the farm has also been greatly increased, and nearly all of the product is fed to the animals. The property covers lots Nos. 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20, in the south one-half of Private Claim No. 35, and 163 acres in the west one-half of the same claim. The brothers are known as enterprising and progressive business men, and have the esteem of their fellow townsmen as public-spirited citizens. John and Bernard are unmarried, but Henry married Miss Annie Segglink, daughter of George Segglink, of Kaukauna, a retired farmer, and has one child, Arnold George, born May 10, 1910. The brothers are all members of Holy Cross Catholic Church.

WILLIAM L. LYONS, president of the firm of B. Lyons Company, large manufacturers of cigars at Appleton, Wisconsin, was born at Memphis, Tennessee, December 21, 1867, and is a son of Mark B. and Bertha (Lederer) Lyons, the former of whom came to the United States from Birmingham, England, in 1857, and was engaged in business in Tennessee until 1871. In the latter year he located in Appleton, Wisconsin, and for one year was engaged in the furniture business here, after which he established the firm of B. Lyons Company, at No. 821 College avenue, where the firm was located until 1887, when a three-story brick building was erected to accommodate the increased demand at No. 715 College avenue. In 1906 the business was incorporated with William L. Lyons, president and general manager; B. F. Lyons, of Beloit, Wisconsin, vice-president; and C. B. Lyons, secretary. The firm employs fourteen people and does a large mail order business in addition to having an excellent local trade, and sells in all towns adjoining Appleton, its special brands, "Capitols," being favored in the ten-cent variety, while the five-cent special are known as "Capitolettes." William L. Lyons received his early education in the public schools and later attended Ryan High school in Appleton, and graduated from the De Land Business College, after leaving which he learned the cigar making business with the company founded by his father. He married Cecelia V. Pioso, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and they, have had two children: Miriam Rose, and William P. Benjamin F. Lyons, a resident of Beloit, Wisconsin, in addition to being vice-president of the B. Lyons Company, is general manager of the Beloit Water, Gas and Electric Company. Misses Millie and Rose Lyons are residing at home with their parents, and the other sister, Clare, married H. D. Pioso, a resident of Chicago, and has two children. William L. Lyons is a member of the Knights of Pythias and of the Blue Lodge and Chapter of the Masonic fraternity. With Mrs. Lyons he attends Zion Temple, and was one of the founders of the Appleton Council, No. 155, United Commercial Travelers of America of which he has been secretary for a. number of years.

MARTIN THOMPSON, one of the prominent and successful farmers of Maine township, who owns and operates a good farming property of forty acres located on section 5, was born April 23, 1841, in Pennsylvania, and is a son of Stephen and Betsy (Carpenter) Thompson, natives of New York and Pennsylvania, respectively. They came to Wisconsin in 1852, settling in Winnebago county, from whence they later moved to Outagamie county, where both died, the father March 19, 1901, and the mother November 24, 1855, Martin Thompson was the fifth of a family of seven children, and he remained on the home farm until his enlistment in the Union army, in 1861, when he became a member of Company D, First Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, with which he served two years, being discharged on account of disability. He remained at home three months, and then, having recovered his health, he re-enlisted in the Third Wisconsin Cavalry, Company G, with which he was connected until the close of the war, the company being engaged in frontier duty when the close of hostilities came. He received his discharge October 27, 1865, and was mustered out of the service at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Mr. Thompson saw service in some of the most fiercely contested and bloodiest battles of the entire war, and always displayed such bravery under fire and faithfulness to duty as to win the regard of his fellow soldiers and the respect of his officers. Among his engagements may be mentioned: Perrysville, Stone River, Chattanooga, while he was in the infantry, and his services in the cavalry on the frontier included battles with the Indians at Cottonwood, Sand Boot, Plum Creek and Walnut Creek. After his return from the war he remained at home until he was thirty-three years of age, and on October 3, 1874, he was married to Miss Esther Ann Watson, born September 22, 1855, daughter of Thomas and Roxey (Chambers) Watson, natives of England and Wisconsin, respectively, who were married in Milwaukee. Her mother died at the age of twenty-three years, in May, 1857, and her father passed away May 19, 1883, at the age of sixty-three years. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson have had five children: Ella, who married George Diemel, living in Outagamie county and has four children; Meade, who is married and living in this county, having three children; Ira, who is living in Clintonville, Wisconsin, is married and has two children; Thomas, who is married and has two children, residing in Outagamie county; and Stephen, also residing in this county, has one child. After Mr. Thompson's marriage he purchased eighty acres of wild land near Hortonville, where he lived for four years, and he then sold and moved to Hortonville. In September, 1881, he bought the land on which he now lives, then a tract of eighty acres, which he put under cultivation with the exception of ten acres, but later deeded forty acres to his son, for whom he had also built a modern frame residence in 1909. Thompson's own house was built in 1901, at which time he also erected a large barn, and he has brought his land into an excellent state of cultivation, being engaged in stock raising and general farming. Mr. Thompson is a stanch Republican in his political views, and he has served for ten or twelve years as a member of the board of supervisors.

HERBERT E. ELLSWORTH, M. D., who may be called the dean of the medical profession now in active practice at Appleton, Wisconsin, was born at Hudson, Ohio, June 4, 1856, and is one of a family of five children born to his parents, who were Ransom P. and Caroline N. (Oviette)Ellsworth. The parents of Dr. Ellsworth were born in Winstead, Connecticut, where they were married in 1826, and two years later moved to Ohio. Ransom P. Ellsworth was a substantial farmer near Hudson and a highly respected citizen. He was twice married, first to Caroline N. Oviette, as mentioned, who died at Hudson, in 1868, and second to Eliza Castle. Five children were born to the first marriage and two to the second. The father survived until 1883, his death occurring at the age of eighty-two years. Reared on the home farm and attending the country schools, Herbert E. Ellsworth quietly cherished his ambitions to secure a medical education and as a first step in that direction, in 1872, entered the high school at Hudson, where he was graduated in 1876, being then twenty years of age. After a certain amount of preliminary home study, he entered the medical department of Wooster University, at Cleveland, Ohio, where he was graduated in 1881, subsequently taking a post-graduate course in the Columbus Medical College, at Columbus, Ohio, and was graduated there in February, 1882. After a few months of initial practice at Saginaw, Michigan, on November 3, 1882, he came to Appleton, where he has remained ever since, maintaining the same office during all these years. Here he has built up a large and satisfactory practice, general in character, and is firmly established in the esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens. For six years he has been city physician, and for four years has served in the same relation to the county, and thus has been afforded a wide field of experience. Dr. Ellsworth has always kept fully abreast of the times in his profession, and is a member of all the local medical bodies and the American Medical Association. For many years he has been active in various fraternal organizations, and belongs to the Masons, the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Elks, Woodmen, the National Fraternal League, the Fraternal Reserve Association, the Mystic Workers and the Maccabees. He is a member of the Episcopal Church. Dr. Ellsworth was married to Anna M. Kline of Appleton, December 27, 1904. The doctor has one son, Thomas Harold, by a former marriage, who lives at Bloomington, Illinois. As a means of recreation, Dr. Ellsworth occasionally permits himself a short vacation in order to enjoy hunting and fishing.

STANISLAUS F. LISBETH, who has been intimately connected with the agricultural interests of Deer Creek township for a number of years, and is now the owner of eighty acres of well-cultivated land in section 26, is a native of Outz, Prussia, Germany, and was born November 5, 1862, a son of Anton and ------------(Kitnskchey) Lisbeth. They were natives of Prussia and came to America in 1865, settling in New London, Wisconsin, where Mr. Lisbeth died in 1872, and three years later his widow was married to John J. Gitzen and moved to Bear Creek township, Waupaca county, where Mr. Gitzen died about 1895. Mrs. Gitzen then came to live with her son, Stanislaus F., and is now ninety-two years old. Stanislaus F. Lisbeth was the youngest of the eleven children born to his mother's first marriage and he resided with her until he was nineteen years old, at which time he went to learn the blacksmith trade with George Freiburger of New London. After completing his apprenticeship, he worked for about four years as a journeyman, after which he was employed by a bridge construction gang for two years on the Green Bay and Wisconsin Railway. At the end of this time Mr. Lisbeth established himself in a mercantile business at Sugar Bush, Maple Creek township, but after twelve years sold out to H . Kiekhofer, and bought a farm of 120 acres, located near Hortonville, which he traded a short time later for the American Hotel at Clintonville. In 1908, Mr. Lisbeth traded the hotel for his present property, where he has since been engaged in general farming and stock raising, keeping Poland-China hogs and French Coach horses and marketing dairy products. He has his land all under cultivation and neatly fenced with barbed wire, and has a large, modern residence, substantial barn and good outbuildings. On July 6, 1885, Mr. Lisbeth was married to Victoria Kowalski, born April 20, 1865, daughter of Anton Kowalski, who came to America about 1864 and settled at Stevens Point, later moving to New London, where he died. Mr. and Mrs. Lisbeth have had four children Lawrence F., telegraph operator on the Soo Railroad at Wheeling, Illinois, married Miss Nellie Spence of Maple Creek township; John C., a plumber and steam fitter of Jamestown, North Dakota, married Helen Naze, of Welcome; Leonard J., single and living at home; and Angela M., who also resides with her parents. Mr. and Mrs. Lisbeth are members of St. Mary's Catholic Church of Welcome, and Mr. Lisbeth holds membership in the Catholic Knights. He is a Democrat in politics, but votes independently in local matters.

THOMAS W. ORBISON, a member of the O'Keefe-Orbison Engineering & Construction Company, of Appleton, Wisconsin, whose reputation as a consulting engineer is country wide, was born in Plover, Wisconsin, in 1854, and is a son of Thomas and Susan S. (Kellogg) Orbison. Thomas Orbison was a native of Ireland, from whence he came to the United States in 1849, and located in Wisconsin. He was a minister of the Methodist faith, and had various charges throughout the State until 1869, when he came to Appleton to reside. His death occurred in Appleton in 1872. Mrs. Orbison, who was born in Pennsylvania, and is now living in Appleton, is a descendant of the old New England family of Kellogg. She and her husband had a family of three children: Mary, who is married and resides in New York City; Kate, living in Appleton, and Thomas W. Thomas W. Orbison's early education was secured in the public schools. Attended Lawrence College, Appleton, for three years and graduated from the civil engineering department of Union College in 1876. Shortly thereafter he went to the State of Colorado, where he was engaged in railroad work, and on his return to Wisconsin continued to engage in this line until 1881. From this time his chief work has been that of consulting hydraulic engineer, and opened an office in Appleton in partnership with Capt. Nathaniel M. Edwards in 1884, and subsequently the O'Keefe-Orbison Engineering and Construction Company was established by Mr. Orbison and Ed O'Keefe, a connection that has continued to the present time. Civil engineering covers so wide a field that of late years it has been necessary to specialize in the several individual branches, but in this connection it may be stated that both Mr. Orbison and the firm he represents have gained a reputation that extends from coast to coast as paper mill and hydraulic engineers.

In 1880 Mr. Orbison was married to Irene Ballard, daughter of Anson and Harriet (Story) Ballard, and to this union there were born three children: Eugene, a graduate of Cornell University, who is now connected with the General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York,, and Nellie and Mary, who are living at home. The family are members of the Congregational Church. Mr. Orbison is a Republican in political matters, and is fraternally connected with the Elks. He is a director of the Riverside Paper Mills, and is a member of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, the American Society of Civil Engineers, the Western Society of Civil Engineers and the Wisconsin Society of Civil Engineers. He is best known as a consulting engineer on hydraulic work.

FRED SCHMEICHEL, who started life in humble circumstances and has won his way to the front rank of agriculturists of Outagamie county, is now the owner of 200 acres of well cultivated land in Cicero township. He was born in Sheboygan county, Wisconsin, March 18, 1855, and is a son of Jacob and Carolina (Kollaske) Schmeichel, natives of Austria who were born near the boundary line of Poland. They were married in their native country and came to the United States with their four children: Mary, Carrie, Mike and Julia, settling on a farm in Sheboygan county, and later moving to Manitowoc county. He never saw his father, as the latter died of typhoid fever, contracted in the swamps, and after his death, Schmeichel's mother married again, L. Schultz, both n