FRANK M. CHARLESWORTH, who has been engaged in business in Kaukauna for the past thirty years, is proprietor of one of the leading pharmacies of this city, and has also been prominently identified with public matters during a long period. Born at Omro, Wisconsin, in 1857, Mr. Charlesworth is a son of Samuel and Mary (Manley) Charlesworth, natives of England who came to Wisconsin in 1847. Samuel Charlesworth, who was a tailor by trade and a farmer by occupation, was one of the pioneers of Wisconsin, where for many years he was engaged in agricultural pursuits. His death occurred in 1864, while his widow survived him until 1910. Of their six children, Frank M., and G. H., a furniture dealer and undertaker of Omro, are the only survivors. Frank M. Charlesworth received his education in the public schools of Omro, after leaving which he engaged in the furniture business with his brother at that place. Later he purchased a half-interest in a drug business at Omro, but in 1881 sold out and came to Kaukauna, where he has carried on a business of his own ever since. Mr. Charlesworth was the first city clerk of Kaukauna, and later served as alderman several terms and as mayor during one term. He is a member of the lodge and chapter of Masonry, and is also connected with the Modern Woodmen and the Elks. In 1883, Mr. Charlesworth was married to Frances E. Walsh, of Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin, daughter of John and Catherine Walsh, early settlers of Wisconsin, and they have had two children, namely: Frank, who is attending the State University at Madison, where he is taking a course in civil engineering; and Guy, a graduate of the high school, who will enter the State University

JOSEPH J. McCARTY, deceased. In the death of Joseph J. McCarty, the city of Kaukauna, Wisconsin, lost an able and progressive business man, and one who was closely identified with civic affairs during a long period. He was born February 10, 1865, and as a young man learned the trade of blacksmith, for some years having a shop of his own on Lawe street, in addition to working for the Northwestern Railroad. .He closed his shop to become manager of the Kaukauna Electric Light plant, was later the owner of an ice business which he purchased from Luther Lindauer then engaged in traveling for a scraper company, and at the time of his death was engaged in the cement contracting business. His death occurred January 17, 1908. For some years Mr. McCarty served Kaukauna as a councilman, in 1896 was elected mayor of the city, and in 1908 was elected to the office of county treasurer of Outagamie county. Mr. McCarty was married February 15, 1887, to Annie Pfiffer, of Freedom, Wisconsin, daughter of Matthew and Gertrude (Kramer) Pfiffer, natives of Germany who came to Wisconsin about 1845 and were married here. Mr. Pfiffer was a farmer and veterinary surgeon. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. McCarty, namely: Joseph; Alice; Margaret, a nurse at Trinity Hospital, Milwaukee; and Lottie, Ray, Stanley and Robert, residing at home. Mr. McCarty was connected with Holy Cross Catholic Church, to which his widow and children belong. He was a member of the Knights of Columbus, the Foresters and the Elks, in all of which he was very popular. Mr. McCarty was an excellent business man of versatile ability, and was successful in all of his ventures. As a public official he held the esteem of the community, and his home life was such as to win him the high regard of a wide circle of acquaintances. His son, Joseph, who is continuing the cement contracting business, has handled some large contracts, and in his work displays many of his father's characteristics. He employs about sixteen men, and the work is not confined to Kaukauna, some large contracts being handled throughout the county. He is a faithful member of Holy Cross Catholic Church. and is also connected with the Knights of Columbus.

DENNIS McCARTY, who for thirty-five years was engaged in agricultural pursuits in Kaukauna township, was one of the early residents and honored citizens of this place, and in his death this section lost one more of its sturdy pioneer farmers who did so much towards building up and developing Outagamie county and its interests. Dennis McCarty was a native of Ireland, the country which has given us so many energetic and reliable citizens, and came to the United States with his father at the age of twelve years, the family locating first in New York. He was married in that State to Margaret Tobin, also a native of the Emerald Isle, and in 1854 they came to Wisconsin, locating first at Maple Grove, and later moving to Green Bay, where they resided for several years. In 1862 Mr. McCarty came to Kaukauna, Wisconsin, by ox-team, and purchasing an undeveloped farm, resided there thirty-five years and built up a large homestead and well cultivated property. During his latter years he retired from activities, and after 18 years of quiet life, he passed away February 4, 1910. He and his wife, who is also deceased, were the parents of the following children: Mary, Daniel and Charles, who are deceased, the latter being a prominent attorney and at one time the largest grower of pineapples in the world; Ellen, widow of Asia Minor Baldwin and resides in Arizona; Margaret, who married Barney Corcoran, a resident of Kaukauna and has a family of eleven children; Florin John, who married Susan Brennen; Joseph, deceased; Catherine, residing in Arizona; Thomas, who lives in Portland, Oregon; Anna, who married L. B. Glenn, of Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin; Richard, who married Anna B. Merkle, of Grand Chute; Charlotte, who married John Flanagan, of Tomahawk, Wisconsin; Mary; and one child that died in infancy. The family is connected with the Holy Cross Catholic Church.

DR. RICHMOND KERR, a well known veterinary surgeon of Kaukauna, Wisconsin, was born near Ottawa, Canada, in County Ottawa, and is a son of William and Jane (Studdards) Kerr, the former a native of Scotland and the latter of Canada, in which latter country both died, Mr. Kerr having been engaged in farming all of his life. Richmond Kerr was the ninth in order of birth of the twelve children born to his parents, and he received his education in the Canadian public schools. He graduated from the Toronto Veterinary College in 1893, and then went to Chicago, graduating from the veterinary college there in the spring of 1894, after which he came to Kaukauna, where he has since been engaged in practice. Dr. Kerr was married in 1877, to Anna Pink, of Ottawa, Canada, daughter of Charles and Agnes (Semple) Pink, and they have had a family of seven children, two of whom, a son and daughter being deceased. The survivors are: Gertrude, who married Arthur Tate and resides in Kaukauna; Bertha, who lives at home with her parents; Margaret, who is engaged in school teaching; and Julia and Bernice, who live at home. The family is connected with the Methodist Church. Dr. Kerr is a member of the Foresters and the National Fraternal League.

A. KRESSIN, superintendent of the sulphide mill for the Kimberly- Clark Company at Kimberly, Wisconsin, has had a wide and varied experience in his line of work, and is well known among the paper manufacturers of Northern Wisconsin. He is a native of Germany, born December 25, 1860, a son of Herman and Caroline (Dumpke) Kressin, natives of the Fatherland, who brought their family to the United States in 1871 and settled in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, moving to Outagamie county four years later. Herman Kressin purchased farming land in Freedom township, and there he was engaged in agricultural pursuits up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1910. His widow, who survives him, still makes her home on the old farm. They had a family of five sons and one daughter, and all are living except one. A. Kressin spent his boyhood on the home farm, attending the district schools and working for his father, and in 1892 began working for the Kimberly-Clark Company, at Kimberly, to which place he removed. As a young man he had learned the trade of millwright, and he first engaged with this large paper manufacturing concern in the capacity of repair man, doing special work until 1908, when he was advanced to the position of superintendent of the sulphide mill. Years of experience have given him a thorough knowledge of his work, and he is an expert in every line of work which comes under his superintendency. In 1884, Mr. Kressin was married to Margaret Ochsner, who was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, daughter of Fred Ochsner, who came to Freedom township, Outagamie county, at an early day and engaged in farming. Mr. Ochsner was an old soldier and Mrs. Margaret Kressin was the only child. Mr. and Mrs. Kressin have had four children: Arthur, who lives in Milwaukee; Emro; Elsie, living at home; and Zenaida. Mr. and Mrs. Kressin are consistent members of the Lutheran Church.

JOSEPH VERSTEGEN. One of the leading industries of Little Chute, Wisconsin, is the Little Chute Lumber and Fuel Company, formerly the Miller Lumber Company. which was first established in Appleton about 1893 and bought in 1899 by Joseph Verstegen and Martin Hartjes. In 1906 Mr. Verstegen purchased his partner's interest in the business and in 1908 the firm was incorporated with Mr. Verstegen as president and treasurer; Annie Verstegen, vice-president; and Cornelius Van Gompel, secretary. The company handles a full line of lumber, wood, coal, cement, plaster, brick, lime and builders' supplies, and does the leading business in Little Chute. Joseph Verstegen was born in Little Chute, October 3, 1878, and is a son of Arnold and Katherina (Vandraa) Verstegen, the former born December 23, 1820, in Holland. Arnold Verstegen was married in 1844 to Mary Biemans, and in 1850 came to America, first engaging in farming on wild land in Little Chute, for which he paid $2.50 an acre, and later engaging in the flour mill business, which was his occupation at the time of his death in 1900. His first wife died in 1865 and he was married (second) in 1867, to Katherina Vandraa. By his first marriage he had these children: Katherine, Mrs. Martin Coonen, of Buchanan township; Mary, Mrs. John Hoyman of Freedom township; John E., a retired business man and city marshal of Little Chute; Herman J., president of the Little Chute bank; and Jane, Mrs. John Van der Weynelenberg, of Wrightstown. Mr. Verstegen had the following children by his second union: Dinah, Mrs. Martin Hartjes, of this village; Nellie, Mrs. Ed Johnson, of Deer Creek township; Joseph; Arnold, a farmer of Little Chute; Peter, also engaged in farming here; and Cornelius, a resident of this township. Mrs. Verstegen still survives her husband and makes her home at Wrightstown, Wisconsin.

Joseph Verstegen received his early education in the school of Little Chute, and until he was nineteen years of age worked at farming. He then engaged in the flour milling business and after leaving that worked at paper making until entering his present business. On February 10, 1903, Mr. Verstegen was married to Annie Van Gompel, daughter of Nicholas and Regina Van Gompel, pioneer agriculturists of Outagamie county now living retired, and six children have been born to this union: Lester, Clarence, Regina, Robert, Gerald and one that died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Verstegen are members of the Catholic Church, and he is connected with the Knights of Columbus and the Foresters. In 1910 Mr. Verstegen bought the remaining shares of his partners and became sole owner of the lumber business, etc. He also owns two dwellings in this town, the one in which he lives and the other which he rents.

JOHN E. VERSTEGEN, a prominent retired citizen of Little Chute, Wisconsin, who for seventeen years was engaged in the furniture business here, has also been closely identified with civic affairs of the village and a strong believer in Democratic principles. He was born in Outagamie county, August 26, 1856, a son of Arnold and Mary (Biemans) Verstegen. Arnold Verstegen was born in Holland in 1820, and at the age of thirty years came to the United States, settling at Little Chute, where he purchased a farm of wild land, at $2.50 an acre. This he operated until 1872. In 1862, in company with his brother John, he built a flour mill, and in 1863 the two brothers, Arnold and John, built the first bridge across the Fox River at this point, to accommodate their customers across the river from their mills. Later the bridge was conveyed to the township. The partnership continued until John Verstegen's death in 1870, when Arnold Verstegen became sole owner of the mills and continued as such until his death in 1900. His first wife died in 1865, and he was married (second) to Katherina Van der Ah, who survives him. By his first marriage, Mr. Verstegen had the following children: Katherine, who, married Martin Coonen and resides in Buchanan township and has ten children; Mary, who was married in 1874 to John Hooyman of Freedom township and has a family of ten children; John E. Verstegen subject of this sketch; Herman J., president of the Bank of Little Chute, who married Christina Whitman, and has a family of seven children; and Jane, who married John Van den Weymelenberg, proprietor of a department store at Wrightstown, Wisconsin, and has a family of eleven children. To the union of Arnold and Katherina (Von der Ah) Verstegen there were born children as follows: Frank, who is in the hardware business in Little Chute, married Annie Golden and has three children; Dinah, who married Martin Hartjes, has eight children, and is in business in Little Chute; Nellie, who married Ed Johnson, a farmer of Deer Creek township, has five children; Joseph, in the lumber business in Little Chute, married Annie Van Grumple, and has five children; Arnold, a farmer of Freedom township, married Rose Daul and has seven children; Peter, a farmer of Freedom township, married Mary Daul and has four children; and Cornelius, a resident of Little Chute, married Elsy Honey, and has two children.

John E. Verstegen received a. public school education, after which he spent twenty-three years in the flour mill at Little Chute. In 1893 he opened the first furniture store in the village, and continued to conduct it until his retirement, in March, 1909, since which time he has served in the capacity of village marshal. He was postmaster of the village during President Cleveland's administration, and has served several terms as assessor, and is a member of the high school board. With his family he attends the Catholic Church, and he is a. member of the Knights of Columbus, of which he has been trustee for many years, and of the Foresters. He was practically the organizer of Court 450 which now has a membership of 200 of which he held the three highest offices at different times. He is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. Mr. Verstegen was married July 20, 1880, to Mary Feldmier, who was born in Menasha., Wisconsin, August 4, 1857, daughter of John and Christina Feldmier, early residents of Calumet county, and nine children have been born to this union, as follows: John A., residing in Little Chute; Annie, who married H. Oudenhoven, a resident of North Dakota; Katie, who married John M. Stier, in the jewelry business at Beloit, Wisconsin; Emma, a clerk in Geenen's store at Appleton; Aloysius, residing on a farm; and Leda, one of the teachers in the high school at Little Chute; Leona, Edgar and Rosella, all living at home, attending school. Mr. Verstegen is a great believer in the value of an education, and has given his children the benefit of attendance at both parochial and high schools.

ALFRED G. KEUNE, proprietor of the Seymour Flour Mills of Seymour, Wisconsin, and one of the progressive business men of that city, was born January 13, 1871, in Centerville, Manitowoc county, Wisconsin, son of Charles and Caroline (Hacker) Keune, natives of Germany. Fred Keune, the grandfather of Alfred G., came from Germany to the United States after the death of his wife, who bore the maiden name of Bruns. He was a millwright by profession, and being an expert he traveled extensively as a stone dresser, drawing large wages. He was born in 1803 and died at the age of eighty-three years, having been the father of seven children: Gustav, Charles, Henry, August, Mrs. Minnie Duvenick and two daughters still living in Germany. Gustav was killed in 1862 while on skirmish duty during the Civil war. Charles Keune was about twenty-two years of age when he came to the United States in a sailing vessel that required nine weeks to make the passage, and on landing in this country had just enough money to carry him as far as Chicago, the rest of the journey to Manitowoc being made on money which he had secured by pawning a silver watch. He was a miller by trade, and soon found employment at what he then considered princely wages, and by working hard and saving his money was enabled in 1865 to erect a custom mill, with three run of stone, at Centerville, the capacity being thirty barrels. In 1886 this mill was enlarged and the roller system put in, increasing the capacity to sixty barrels, and in 1895 Mr. Keune turned this mill over to his sons, William, Gustave and Alfred G. Later Gustave sold his interest to another brother, August, and thus the firm remained until 1910. In the meantime, in 1897, the sons had built a new mill, with a capacity of 125 barrels. Charles Keune was married at Manitowoc, Wisconsin, to Caroline Hacker, daughter of John Hacker, who came to the United States in 1850, and whose other children were: Lena, who married a Mr. Kolpe; Mrs Luepke of Manitowoc and John and Charles. Charles Keune died in 1903 at the age of sixty-four years, and the death of his wife occurred in 1895, when she was fifty years old. Both were members of the German Lutheran Church, and had these children: Charles, Alfred G., Gustave, William, August, Emma, who married Allen Krause; Ida, who married Adolph Hoops; Elvina, who died at the age of twenty-two years, and Clara and Alma, who are single.

Alfred G. Keune came to Seymour in 1908 and purchased from John Bickert the Seymour Flour Mills, a three-story, steam-operated plant with a capacity of sixty barrels, and here he has continued to operate to the present time, manufacturing the well known "Daisy" and "World's Best Rye" brands. Mr. Keune was married in Manitowoc, in 1897, to Mary Mills, born March 4, 1875, daughter of John and Anna (Kassa) Mills, natives of Prussia, Germany, who are now residing at Centerville, Wisconsin. Mr. Mills, who is a veteran of the Civil War, having served with the Fifth Wisconsin Volunteers, Co. A, from 1862 to the close of the war, was one of the first chairman of the town board of Centerville. He and his wife had five children, namely: Albert, Paula, Ada, Olga and Mary, of whom Ada is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Keune are the parents of four children: Esther, Florence, Marion and Milton, all living at home. The family are attendants of the German Lutheran Church.

HON. JOHN UECKE, one of the representative citizens of Seymour, Wisconsin, who has developed a large business in the line of nursery gardening, has been prominently identified with public affairs during the past twenty years and has represented his district in the State Assembly. Mr. Uecke was born December 15, 1845, in Pomerania, Germany, a son of Gottlieb and Carolina (Runge) Uecke, natives of the Fatherland who started for the United States in 1852 with four children, namely: John, Emil, Albert and Gustave, of whom Emil, aged five years died in the United States, and Albert and Gustave, aged two years and five weeks respectively, died while the family was crossing the ocean on a sailing vessel. Gottlieb Uecke was a schoolteacher in Germany, and after arriving in this country took up that profession, in the meantime studying for the ministry. After due preparation he was admitted thereto and was ordained a preacher in the Moravian Church, filling pulpits at Lake Mills, Green Bay and Freedom, at which latter place he organized and built a church. He filled the last-named charge until his retirement from the ministry on account of advanced years, and his last days were spent near the home of his son, John, where he died in 1895, aged eighty years. His widow, who survives him, has attained the age of eighty-four. Six children were born to Rev. and Mrs. Uecke in the United States, namely: Emma, who married Rev. Madson; Augusta, who married a Mr. Scofield; Emily, who married a Mr. Dittner; Robert, of Harvard, Illinois; George, residing in Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Charles, who is deceased.

John Uecke was but seven years of age when the family came to the United States, and he received his education from his father and in the district schools. At the age of eighteen years he became a gardener and nurseryman and engaged in raising evergreen seedlings for Samuel Edwards of Lamoille, Bureau county, Illinois. This occupation he followed in Green Bay until 1871, in which year he came to his present place, situated just outside the corporation limits of Seymour, on the line between Seymour and Osborn townships, where he purchased ten acres of wild land and began gardening. He now has a well-cultivated tract, upon which stands a modern residence, flanked with well-kept lawns and surrounded by shade and ornamental trees. He has been successful in his various business ventures, is a director in the First National Bank of Seymour, and is looked upon as one of the substantial men of this section. In political matters, Mr. Uecke is a Republican, and he has filled various offices of public honor and trust. He was a member of the county board of supervisors for seven years, served as one of the first trustees of the Outagamie county asylum from 1890 to 1894, and during 1895-6 was sent by his fellow citizens to the State Assembly.

Mr. Uecke was married (first) to Hulda Schultz, who was born in Germany, and she died in 1901, aged fifty-eight years having been the mother of the following children: Charles, who resides at New London, Wisconsin; Rose, who married Fred Wagner of Mankato, Minnesota; William, residing at home; Albert, a real estate dealer of Cumberland, Wisconsin; Anna, who married John P. Coleman; Lizzie, who married Dr. Fuller; John, a resident of Oshkosh, Wisconsin; Fred and Eddie, twins, of Mankato, Minnesota; and Emma, who died in 1910, aged forty-two years, the wife of John Johnson, an engineer on the St. Paul railroad. Mr. Uecke's second marriage was to Nellie Eustis, who was born October 12, 1859, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, daughter of Samuel and Emily (Clark) Eustis, the former a native of Newton, Massachusetts, and the latter of New Hampshire. They were married in Boston, from whence they removed to the State of Maine and during the '40s came West to Minnesota, locating on 285 acres on the present site of the manufacturing center of Minneapolis, at which time there were but three houses in that city and nine in St. Paul. Mr. Eustis died in 1883, aged sixty-eight years, and his widow passed away in 1909, having reached the age of eighty-nine years and four months.

AUGUST JAHNKE, who is now living retired in Seymour, Wisconsin, was for forty years prior to 1911 engaged in agricultural pursuits in Kewaunee and Outagamie counties. His birth occurred April 20, 1851, in Pommern, Germany, and he is a son of August and Mary (Rush) Jahnke, who were born and married in the Fatherland and came to the United States in 1867, bringing with them their four children: Fred, Albertine, August and William. Mr. Jahnke's father settled in Kewaunee county, Wisconsin, on eighty acres of land in the woods, where he built a log cabin and log barn, and later replaced these with good, substantial frame buildings. Selling this property in 1880, he moved close to the shores of Lake Michigan, where he bought 160 acres of land, erected a modern house and other buildings, and continued to carry on agricultural pursuits up to the time of his death, in 1889, when he had reached the age of eighty years. Mrs. Jahnke passed away when seventy-nine years of age, in 1887.

August Jahnke, Sr., was much interested in the cause of education and it was in the first log schoolhouse of this section, erected by him and for which his sons helped haul the logs, that August Jahnke of this sketch was educated, but this primitive scoolhouse had since been replaced by a fine brick building. He remained at home, working on the farm, until he had attained the age of twenty-four years, at which time he began working on his own account, farming during the summer months and working on the drives during the winters, and spring being thus occupied for seven years. He then purchased 160 acres of wild land in Kewaunee county, on which was situated a log shanty and barn, but after he had improved and cultivated the property he built a large brick residence, and here he lived and followed general farming from 1873 to 1903, in which latter year he removed to Cicero township, Outagamie county and purchased an improved farm of 240 acres. Mr. Jahnke continued to carry on agricultural pursuits until the spring of 1911, when he retired from active pursuits and located in Seymour, where he has since resided.

On November 15, 1874, Mr. Jahnke was married to Miss Anstena Quad, who was born in Germany, January 6, 1856, daughter of Fred and Fredericka (Provgnou) Quad, natives of Germany who came to the United States in 1850, bringing their three children, William, Caroline and Anstena. Another child, Augusta, had died in Germany, and after coming to this country they had five children, namely: Herman, Frank and August, deceased, and twins who died in infancy. Fred Quad was an early settler of Kewaunee county, where he first located on forty acres of wild land, but before his death he was the owner of 200 acres of some of the finest land in the county. He died in the fine residence he had built to replace the original log structure, in 1890, aged sixty-eight years, while his widow survived until 1906, being eighty-three years old at the time of her death. Mr. and Mrs. Jahnke have had ten children, of whom four are living, namely: Bertha, born December 25, 1880, was married in 1899 to William Pautz and they live in Manitowoc county; Matilda, born January 1, 1882, was married to Henry Pautz and also lives in Manitowoc county; Albert, born October 11; 1888, married Irene Ehde and lives on the Jahnke homestead in Cicero township; and August, born August 24, 1891, is living at home with his father. The children who are deceased were: Amelia, Hulda, John, Edward, Anna and an infant.

In his political views Mr. Jahnke is a Republican, and while in Kewaunee county he served as chairman of the town board for two years, school clerk twelve years, and treasurer of the township of Montpelier one year. He was formerly secretary of the Kewaunee Fire Insurance Company, and is now a stockholder in the Seymour State Bank. Since March, 1911, he has conducted a garage in Seymour and also has three automobiles for livery purposes,

JOSEPH DAVID WERBELOWSKY. An example of what a man may accomplish through perseverance, industry and honesty, backed up by a natural-business ability and progressive ideas, may be found in the career of Joseph David Werbelowsky, proprietor of the Leader Store at Seymour, Wisconsin, who, starting in life with no advantages other than a determination to succeed, has worked his way to the front ranks of the substantial men, of his section. Mr. Werbelowsky is a native of Russia, born October 15, 1872, near the border line of Germany, a son of Jonas and Lena (Bauman) Werbelowsky, and a grandson of Moritz and Anna Werbelowsky, natives of Russia who spent their lives there, the father dying in 1888 and the mother in 1877. Moritz and Anna Werbelowsky were the parents of four children, namely: Jonas, Samuel, David and Anna. Jonas Werbelowsky began his business operations in Russia as a grain buyer, and this occupation he later followed in Germany, but in 1883 he came to America and settled in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, his family joining him soon thereafter. He began traveling from Milwaukee throughout that section with a Yankee peddling wagon and he so continued until his retirement. He now lives in Milwaukee at the age of sixty-two years, his wife being sixty years old, and both are stanch members of the Hebrew Church. Their children, of whom the first four were born in Russia, were as follows: Ida, who married M. Krome of Fifteenth and State streets, Milwaukee, where they own a large property; Julia, deceased, who was Mrs. Trexler of Milwaukee; Katie, who married Oscar Wrightman, a general merchant of Milwaukee; Joseph David; Louis, who is connected with a large wholesale dry goods establishment in Milwaukee; and an infant, deceased. The mother of these children was a daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Barzaner) Bauman, whose other children were: David and Jonas, residing in New York; Isaac, who died in Russia, and Sarah, who died in England, whence her husband had gone to become foreman in a Manchester woolen mill.

Joseph David Werbelowsky received his education in the German and Latin schools of Russia and Germany, and was thirteen years of age when he came to the United States. He has earned his own way in the world since that time, his first employment being in a mercantile establishment in Milwaukee, at a weekly wage of $2.50, out of which he paid his own board. Later he became a waiter in a restaurant at West Water street and Grand avenue, Milwaukee, for Peter Holtz, for whom he worked from 1890 until 1892, and in the latter year was taken sick with typhoid fever and incapacitated for work for a year. On recovering his health, Mr. Werbelowsky went on the road with a Yankee notion wagon and made numerous trips through the counties of Washington, Dodge, Fond du Lac and Sheboygan, covering a period of twelve years, and in 1903 he located at Seymour and engaged in the mercantile business with his brother-in-law, Louis Feld, under the firm name of Werbelowsky & Feld. After two years Mr. Werbelowsky purchased his partner's interest and since that time he has conducted the business alone. This business, which was started in a small way in the Dean block, on Main street, has grown steadily from its inception, and has necessitated the use of more space in which to place one of the most complete lines of dry goods, clothing, hats, caps, boots, shoes, ladies' and gentlemen's furnishings and notions in the city, as well as a large and choice assortment of crockery and glassware. As the firm deals strictly on a cash basis, prices can be made that competitors find hard to meet, and this fact, combined with Mr. Werbelowsky's honest and courteous treatment of customers, has drawn him a large and steadily increasing trade. Mr. Werbelowsky is a progressive Republican, but he has never found time to spare from his business to aspire to positions of public preferment. He is a member of Des Peres Lodge No. 85, A. F. & A. M., of De Pere, Wis., the Odd Fellows, Rebeccas and Woodmen of America of Seymour, the Hebrew Order B'Nai Brith of Appleton, and the Hebrew Church.

In January, 1894, Mr. Werbelowsky was married to Sarah Feld, who was born July 10, 1873, in Russia, daughter of Isaac and Henda Feld, who died in that country. Mr. ana Mrs. Werbelowsky have had three children: Emil, Pearl and Jennie.

WILLIAM FARRELL, deceased, was a well known business man at Appleton, Wisconsin, for a number of years. He was born in Ireland, in 1845, and came to America with his mother, in 1854.

When he was only fourteen years of age the mother died and he was left to make his way alone, practically unaided and with but meager advantages of any kind. A large part of his life was devoted to lumbering, mainly in the Wisconsin lumber regions. He accumulated capital and in 1888 moved with his family to Appleton, where he embarked in a livery business. He continued in this enterprise until his accidental death, from the kick of one of his own horses, which occurred December 11, 1893. During the time that he lived at Phillips, Wisconsin, he was quite active in politics, being an intelligent man and good citizen. He was a member of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church at the time of his death. In 1872 he married Miss Ellen Moran, who was born in Canada, a daughter of Patrick and Mary Moran, who came very early to Outagamie county. Eight children were born to this marriage, as follows: Mary, who is now deceased; Birdie, who resides at home, is a teacher of music, a graduate of Lawrence University and the Chicago Conservatory of Music and for several years organist of St. Mary's Catholic Church; John, James and Leo, all of whom are deceased; Margaret, who is a graduate of the Appleton High School and the Milwaukee Normal School, is a public school teacher; Katherine, who is a graduate of the High School and of Bushey Business College, is a competent stenographer; and Regina, who is yet in school. Mrs. Farrell and family attend St. Mary's Catholic Church.

JOHN SCHUMACHER, whose death occurred March 5, 1897, was for a long period engaged in carpenter work and contracting in Appleton, and was well known to the older residents of that city. He was born in Outagamie county, Wisconsin, December 15, 1850, and was a son of Peter and Anna Mary (Pauly) Schumacher, natives of the Fatherland who came to the United States shortly after marriage and became early residents of Outagamie county. Peter Schumacher was a farmer by occupation, and for many years was engaged in tilling the soil in Buchanan township, where both he and his wife died. John Schumacher received his education in the district schools of Outagamie county, and as a youth learned the carpenter trade, an occupation which he followed throughout his life, and during his later years was also engaged in contracting. He was the builder of many large structures in Appleton and the surrounding country, which stand as monuments to his skill in his chosen line of endeavor. On June 4, 1878, Mr. Schumacher was united in marriage with Miss Wilhelmina Dietzler, also a native of Outagamie county, and daughter of John Joseph and Magdaline (Anshaw) Dietzler, who came from Germany to Outagamie county in 1841 and became the first family to settle in Buchanan township. Always engaged in farming, the family resided on one property for sixty years, and Mrs. Dietzler died on this farm at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. Mr. and Mrs. Schumacher had a family of eight children, as follows: Amelia, who married Joseph Fischer and resides in the State of Texas; Magdaline, who married Henry Williams and lives in New Hampshire; Matilda, who married Daniel Kelly also a resident of the Granite State; Joseph, who is living in Little Chute, Wisconsin; and Susanna, Ella, Stevana and Edmond, living at home with their mother in Appleton.

ALFRED PYNN, who at the time of his death, March 25, 1903, was foreman at the Valley Iron Works, was born March 22, 1863, a son of George and Anna (Smith) Pynn, the former a native of Newfoundland and the latter of Canada, and both came to the United States with their parents. After marriage they located in Waukesha county, Wisconsin, and during the '60s moved to Outagamie county, George Pynn being occupied as a carpenter and millwright in Appleton up to the time of his death. He and his wife had a family of nine children, of whom two died in infancy, the others being: Alfred; Ida, who married Edward Wright and resides in San Bernardino, California; Hugh, whose home is in San Francisco, California; Emma, living at home with her mother; Irwin, who lives in Seattle, Washington; George, at home; and Laura, who is the widow of Edward Inman, of San Francisco. Alfred Pynn grew to manhood in Appleton, and after completing his education in the public schools became an employe of the Valley Iron Works, where his faithful service and conscientious attention to his duties earned him the position of foreman. He was married April 28, 1886, to Lena Nelson, daughter of L. and Katherine (Peterson) Nelson, natives of Denmark who came to Wisconsin about 1867 and located in Oshkosh, moving to Kaukauna in 1869 and buying a farm, on which Mr. Nelson still resides, his wife being deceased.Mr. and Mrs. Nelson had nine children: Anna, who married William Lansing of Appleton; Lena; William, living at Clintonville, Wisconsin; Hannah, who married Charles Downey; Mary, who married Verne Stevens of Illinois; John, of Cadott, Wisconsin; Frank, living in Oregon; Lawrence of Green Bay, Wisconsin; and Irwin, living on the old home farm. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Pynn: Vera, Lida, Mildred and Erma. The family is connected with the Congregational Church, of which Alfred Pynn was a consistent attendant. He was connected with the Odd Fellows and the Equitable Fraternal Union, in both of which he was very popular. Although he never engaged in political matters, he was keenly interested in local matters, and was always ready to do his share towards promoting the interests of his community.

THE NILE COMPANY, one of the large business enterprises of Appleton, Wisconsin, having two stores, located in the Seickman building at 742 College avenue, and in the Nile building, at 970 College avenue, has carried on operations here since 1907, when it was established by Joseph Gilman and William L. Gilman. Joseph Gilman was a contractor in Rhode Island, from which state he came to Appleton, after having engaged in much residence and mill work, he having built one of the largest mills in the world, of its kind. He has already retired from active business operation, but seeing the possibilities of a business enterprise such as the Nile Company, he interested William L. Gilman, an able business man and together they started what has since proved to be a great success. They both have continued to be identified with this company up to the present time. William L. Gilman has had considerable experience in the confectionery business and is an able manager for the two stores. The company now occupies the entire three floors and basement of the Sieckman building, a new and modern building 75x22 feet, and the manufacturing, which is in charge of George D. Gilman, is done in their own building at No. 970 College avenue, also an up-to-date building. A wholesale and retail business in ice cream and candy is carried on, three teams being used in the selling and delivering of 150 gallons of ice cream to the leading trade of Appleton. In addition a fine business lunch and afternoon lunch are served at the company's stores. Thirteen people are employed. Joseph Gilman was married to Adeline Blanchard of Canada, who died in 1905. There are the following children: George D., who is secretary of the company; William. L., who is general manager; Delia M., who married T. C. Robinson and resides at Columbus Ohio; Mrs. James McSoley, a resident of Boston, Massachusetts; and Mrs. Emmit D. Smith, a resident of Cincinnati, Ohio. George D. and William L. Gilman are both married and popular members of the Knights of Columbus. The family attends St. Mary's Catholic Church. The members of the firm are well known in business circles of Appleton, where all bear the highest reputations for integrity and probity.

GEORGE R. SCHAEFER, a prosperous farmer of Greenville township, Outagamie county, whose reputation as a judge of good livestock and as a breeder of high grade cattle extends throughout the State, was born January 28, 1874, in Clayton township, Winnebago county, Wisconsin, and is a son of Henry and Marie (Schmidt) Schaefer, natives of the city of Crevitz, Mecklenburg, Germany, where the father was born January 28, 1835, and the mother March 7, 1842. They were married in Neenah, Wisconsin, whence Henry Schaefer had come in 1855 with his sister and brother-in-law. He worked for his brother-in-law as a farm hand for a couple of years and then purchased a farm in Clayton township, about one mile distant from his brother-in-law's place, and until Mr. Schaefer's marriage they worked the two properties together. This land was very rough and wild when Mr. Schaefer settled on it but he developed it into an excellent farm and when he retired had one of the fine farms of his section. He died May 15, 1910, and his widow now resides in a house of her own with a daughter in Greenville township, the old homestead being operated by a son, R. J. Although never an aspirant for political honors, Henry Schaefer was held in such high esteem by his fellow citizens that he was elected to various positions of honor and trust. He and his wife were the parents of nine children: Dora, single and residing with her mother; William H., residing in Greenville township, on the old Schmidt homestead; Hattie, deceased; Henry C., deceased, was practicing law at Seattle, Washington, where he died June 21, 1893; Sophia, for several years a teacher in the Appleton schools; Helen, the wife of William Menning, a farmer of Greenville township; George R.; Rudolph J., who resides on the old homestead in Clayton township; and Ernest A., deceased. George R. Schafer attended the district schools near his home and the High school in Appleton, and until he was twenty-nine years of age was employed on his father's farm. At that time he bought the farm which he now operates, and to which he has made many improvements. He erected one of the first entirely concrete silos in the county, sixteen feet in diameter and forty feet in height. He carries on farming in a general way, but has specialized in raising full-blooded Holstein cattle, keeping a herd of about twenty-five head. He has been a breeder for twenty-five years, and his stock descends from that of his father which stood the tests for years and won numerous prizes in competitions held throughout the State for a long period. Mr. Schaefer is a director of the Fox River Valley Fair Association at Appleton and a member of all Holstein breeders' associations throughout the country. He is also a member of the Winnebago Cow Testing Association, an organization formed for the purpose of selecting the cattle that will yield the most profit to the farmer. He was secretary for eight years and at present is master of the State Grange. Socially, he is connected with the Equitable Fraternal Union, and in political matters he is an independent Democrat. On March 26, 1903, Mr. Schaefer was married to Ida M. Denkert, who was born in Clayton township, July 1, 1880, daughter of John and Mary (Evert) Denkert, born April 16, 1844, and April 8, 1850, respectively, in Mecklenburg, Germany. Mr. Denkert came to the United States when about sixteen years of age with his parents, who located at Manitowoc and after several years came to Grand Chute township, where he was married. Shortly thereafter he purchased a farm in Clayton township, and they still reside on the homestead, it being a well-cultivated, finely equipped property. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Denkert: Lena, the wife of Henry Schultz, residing in Clayton township; Ida M., wife of Mr. Schaefer; and John and William, residing on the homestead with their parents. Mr. and Mrs. Schaefer have had four children: Georgina Marie, born March 8, 1904; Henry D., born February 27, 1907; and John R. and James A., twins, born September 1, 1910.

ALBERT LUEBKE, a leading citizen and prosperous farmer of Freedom township, who is at present operating the old Luebke homestead, is treasurer of the Apple Creek Farmers Telephone Company. He is a, son of Carl Luebke, a native of Germany who came to the United States in 1866, as a young man, and settled in Milwaukee, where he resided for several years and then moved to Oshkosh, in which city he spent seven or eight years. He married Emilia Reinke, who came from Germany to the United States with her parents, and to this union there were born nine children. Albert Luebke was born December 14, 1868, in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, and received his education in the schools of that place and the district schools of the country. As a lad he spent his time much as other farmers' boys of his day, spending his summers in work on the home farm and attending the district schools in the winter months, and later when he had finished his education his winters were put in as a laborer in the North woods. He so continued until June 15, 1890, when he was married to Anna Harp, daughter of Ernest Harp, of Freedom township, when he bought a farm from his father and built a new house as well as several barns, and moved to that place, which he continued to operate for ten years. At the end of this period he traded farms with his father and moved to the old homestead, where he has been successfully engaged in general farming to the present time. He is at present at breeder of registered Shropshire sheep, and is a mermber of the American Shropshire Registry Association at LaFayette, Indiana. Mr. Luebke has always been enterprising and progressive and ready to grasp an opportunity that promised to be profitable. For seventeen years he operated a threshing outfit amrong the farmers of his neighborhood, and he was one of the organizers of the Apple Creek Farmers Telephone Company, of which he is now treasurer and a director. He belongs to the German Lutheran Church of Freedom township, and has been a trustee and secretary of the church since 1902. Mr. and Mrs. Luebke have been the parents of thirteen children, of whom ten now survive, as follows: Ella, George, Lena, Lillie, Louis, Selma, Irvin, Esther, Erich and Walter.

OLIVER C. SMITH, secretary and treasurer of the O'Keefe-Orbison Engineering & Construction Company, one of the well known hydraulic, engineering and construction companies of the Middle West, was born near Flint, Michigan, December 12, 1866, and is a son of Charles L. and Helena (Dayton) Smith, natives of the State of Michigan. Charles L. Smith was a resident of Flint, and later of Saginaw, Michigan, where he was engaged in the real estate business, and is now deceased. His mother still survives and makes her home in Chicago, where a brother of Oliver C. Smith, George D., also resides. Oliver C. Smith received his preliminary education in the common and high schools of Flint, Michigan, at St. Johnsbury and at Burlington, Vermont, and later entered the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, from which he was graduated with the class of 1890, having taken a course in civil engineering. For seven months he was located at LaSalle, Illinois; and during the two years following he followed his profession in Chicago. In July, 1892, he came to Appleton and entered the employ of O'Keefe & Orbison, with whom he has since been connected. He was admitted a member of the firm in 1902, and is now acting in the capacity of secretary and treasurer. Mr. Smith was married in 1896 to Miss Louise Gregory Reilly, a native of Appleton, and they have had one child, Edith Katherine. In politics, Mr. Smith is an adherent of the principles of the Democratic party, although he has found his time too taken up with his business to engage actively in public matters.

GEORGE R. DOWNER, who has been one of Outagamie county's prominent citizens for many years, occupying positions of trust and responsibility and discharging his duties with uniform efficiency, is a native of Wisconsin, born July 1, 1851, in Lisbon township, Waukesha county, a son of William H. and Lucinda (Look) Downer. The Downer family is of German extraction and was founded in America by the great-grandfather, who settled in Oswego county, New York, the next generation being pioneers in Michigan. William H. Downer and wife were born in Oswego county, accompanied the family to Michigan, and later, with two children, settled in Lisbon township, Waukesha county, Wisconsin. There William H. Downer followed the carpenter trade until he moved on a farm in Dodge county, where his death occurred October 31, 1892, when aged almost seventy-three years. During the Civil War he served as a soldier in the Union Army and throughout life he was a patriotic and reliable citizen. His wife passed away December 7, 1885, in her fifty-ninth year. Of their six children there are two yet living: Silas T., who lives in Missouri; and George R.

George R. Downer spent the first eighteen years of his life on the home farm and in the meanwhile secured a good common school education. From the farm he then went to the lumber regions and spent eleven winters at cutting, logging and rafting, after which he went into contracting, to some extent, still later resuming agricultural activities on his farm of eighty acres situated in Seymour township, Outagamie county. In addition to being a good business man, Mr. Downer has been an intelligent, interested and broadminded citizen, and these qualities have led his fellow citizens to tender him many public offices. He was a member of the building committee that erected the Outagamie County Asylum for the Insane and was appointed its first superintendent in 1889, a position for which he was eminently qualified.

Mr. Downer was married September 18, 1877, to Miss Ida M. Brooks, who was born June 15, 1858, at Waterloo, Wisconsin, a daughter of Porter Matthew and Lydia (Streeter) Brooks, the former of whom was born in Monroe county, New York, and the latter in St. Lawrence county, New York. On both sides the families are of New England stock. Mrs. Downer was one of a family of nine children and one of the two survivors. To Mr. and Mrs. Downer two sons were born: William R. and Arthur George. Mrs. Downer is a member of the Congregational Church. Mr. Downer is identified with the Masons and the Odd Fellows, and both he and his wife belong to the Rebekah Lodge, the auxiliary branch of the latter order.

JOHN J. SHERMAN, cashier of the Citizens' National Bank, of Appleton, Wisconsin, a position of trust and responsibility which he has continuously held for nearly eighteen years, is also identified with other important business interests, and is one of the men of this city who may be truly termed representative. He is a native of Wisconsin, born in Addison township, Washington county, August 28, 1853, and nearly all of his life has been passed in this state. His parents were Jacob and Margaret (Sell) Sherman, the former a native of France and the latter of Germany. Men of the type of John J. Sherman have no need to recall illustrious ancestors to add prominence to themselves, but it is interesting to know that Grandfather Andrew Sherman served on the staff of the great Bonaparte from 1811 to 1815, and participated in those battles that made world history -- Leipsic, Dresden, Hanau, Bautzen, Lutzen and Waterloo. This veteran came to Wisconsin in 1855, where he lived a peaceful life for many years, his death occurring in 1880, when he was over ninety years of age. Jacob Sherman, son of Andrew, was born in 1819, and came to the United States when eighteen years of age. In 1845 he married Margaret Sell, who had accompanied a brother from Germany and reached America in 1839. She died October 4, 1855, the mother of six children, one of the three survivors being John J. Sherman, of Appleton. From the age of fifteen years John J. Sherman has been the arbiter of his own fortunes. He had three years of excellent school training in St. Gall's Academy, Milwaukee, but with this exception, provided for his further education and necessities himself, for some years teaching school in the winter seasons and attending school during a part of the summers. He thus advanced both financially and mentally, giving himself advantages in the Normal School at Whitewater and the State University, and for ten years engaging in educational work at Milwaukee. In 1879 he went to Wausau, where for seven years he was engaged in a mercantile business, and while there became active in politics and was elected city clerk on the Democratic ticket, was also census enumerator and was. otherwise prominent. In 1890 he assisted in the organization of the German-American Savings Bank of that city, which became a national bank in the following year. On April 4, 1893, he was elected county judge of Marathon county, and continued his judicial duties until he was called to Appleton, January 15, 1894, to accept his present position. Mr. Sherman was one of the organizers of the Wisconsin State Bankers' Association, in which he has always taken an active interest and of which he was vice-president in 1906 and president in 1907. In 1909, he was elected a member of the executive council of the American Bankers' Association. and has since continuously served in that capacity. Mr. Sherman was married (first) February 18, 1879, to Miss Mary E. Dengel, a native of Hartford, Wisconsin, who died December 20, 1886, the mother of two children: Adam Edward and Margaret. Margaret died in infancy. On May 1, 1888, Mr. Sherman was married a second time, to Miss Helen Kamps, a daughter of Gerhard and Katherina (Jansen) Kamps. Mr. and Mrs. Sherman have had six children: Margaret, Henry, Marie, Isabell, Helen and Agnes, all living excepting Henry, who died in infancy. They are members of the Roman Catholic Church, and Mr. Sherman is identified with the Roman Catholic Central Society, the Catholic Knights of Wisconsin, Knights of Columbus, Catholic Order of Foresters and the Catholic Family Protective Association of Wisconsin.

The Citizens National Bank of Appleton, Wisconsin, was organized on the 15th day of January, 1894. Although its authorized capital stock was $150,000, its first statement to the Comptroller of Currency showed assets of $75,000, while according to the bank statement at the close of business on the 7th day of March, 1911, showed a total of assets and resources of $1,298,021.33. Proportionately with the increase thus noted has the business of the various departments of the institution been augmented, and not a year since its opening, seventeen years ago, has this thriving financial institution experienced anything but a healthy progress. The original number of stockholders of this bank was 90; now it has been increased to 105, all residents of Appleton and Outagamie county, excepting a few who acquired stock by inheritance. Among the men who were numbered with the directors of the bank at the time of its opening and who are still connected with this institution in a similar capacity are: Lamar Olmstead, Joseph Rossmeissl, John Berg, G. T. Moeskes and John J. Sherman, and since its beginning the vice-president has been Joseph Rossmeissl, and the cashier John J. Sherman. From an office force of three men the activities of the bank have so increased that the services of eight people are now required to dispense the volume of business. The first president of the bank was John S. Van Northwick, who resigned as such officer on the 29th day of December, 1896, on which day Lamar Olmstead was elected as his successor, who has served continuously until the present. On August 1, 1907, the bank purchased the building it now occupies, together with an adjoining one. It was the first bank in the State of Wisconsin to put into use an absolutely fire and burglar-proof vault, the construction of which, being of solid steel throughout, was the heaviest made at that time by any safe company, and required the greater part of six months to complete the same. Inside this impregnable casing are located two combined screw-door safes used for the secure keeping of money and valuables. This institution was also the first of its kind in the city to introduce the home savings banks which have become so popular and are used by many families in this city.

CARLOS O. WHIPPLE, superintendent of the metal manufacturing concern of Carson, Rowell & Company, at Appleton, Wisconsin, was born at Menasha, Wisconsin, in 1854, and is a son of Charles and Mary (Walker) Whipple, natives of Vermont. The father was a graduate from two colleges, and became president of one at Chester, Vermont. He came to Wisconsin in 1847, and located first in Milwaukee, later removing to Menasha. Charles Whipple was the first schoolteacher in both of these cities, taught various schools in both places, and was county and state superintendent for many years, dying in 1879, while his wife passed away in 1896. Both were members of the Congregational Church, and Mr. Whipple was a Republican in politics. They had three children: Thomas L., who is connected with the Appleton Traction Company; Carlos O.; and Mary T., superintendent of kindergartens at Menasha. By a former marriage, Charles Whipple had a son, Frank, who is now deceased. After securing a public school education in Menasha, Carlos O. Whipple went to Chicago and took a technical course, and as a young man was employed in the factory of the Menasha Woodenware Company. He later became connected with the stave factory at Appleton, where he arose to the position of superintendent, and after nine years with this concern went to Minnesota, where he took charge of a fiber plant. He there invented and had patented several valuable processes for manufacturing vulcanized fiber ware. In 1902 the firm of Carson, Rowell & Company was organized by J. A. Carson, D. G. Rowell, A. J. Hawes and Mr. Whipple, and on October 13, 1905, the firm was incorporated by the same officers, with Mr. Hawes, president; J. A. Carson, vice-president and general manager; Mr. Rowell, secretary and treasurer, and Mr. Whipple, superintendent. This company manufactures crucible copper carbon metals, are the only manufacturers who make babbitt metal in the form of a round bar, and are the only manufacturers of crucible carbon babbitt metals in the United States. Their metals, through a special process owned by the company and invented by Mr. Whipple, are made with the idea of lasting longer, running cooler, showing a lower coefficient of friction and requiring less oil than any other known forms of babbitt metal, and this state of perfection has only been reached through years of experiment backed by trained knowledge in the art of metallurgy. The company does a business that aggregates on an average of $125,000 annually, the plant covers about a half-block and three skilled mechanics and a stenographer are employed. The product of this firm is disposed of principally to large jobbers, furnishing the babbitt metals for all of the United States Steel Company's mines, and marketing its goods in nearly every state in the Union. The metal is made in different grades, known as Marine, Special Genuine, Aurora, Niagara, National, Navy, Agricultural and Commercial Copper Carbon Metals, and also hardware metal, which the company guarantees as perfectly clean and thoroughly refined. The product of this company has been on the market for years, has been thoroughly tested on all kinds of machinery, and its excellence has been fully established by the satisfaction given to large consumers.

In September, 1880, Mr. Whipple was married to Agnes May Wilder, who was born in Vermont, stepdaughter of Daniel Jones, and they have had three children: Wilder, assistant superintendent of an electric plant at Seattle, Washington; George, a ranch owner of Tacoa, Washington, who died at the age of twenty-six years of typhoid fever; and Florence, who is attending school. Mr. Whipple is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Woodmen.

NELS NELSON, a well-known farmer and stock raiser of Cicero township, who owns 235 acres of fine farming land and was the first man to introduce thoroughbred Guernsey cattle in this township, was born January 23, 1863, in Denmark, and is a son of Nels and Uhonna (Franson or Hanson) Nelson. The father of our subject was a cooper by trade, and lost his life by drowning at the age of forty-eight years. His children were: James, of Maine township, Outagamie county; Nels; Hans, of Appleton; Anna, of Maine township; Ove Emil, a resident of Richmond, California; Frank Peter, of Milwaukee; and Sena, of Osborn township. Of these James was the first to come to America, was later followed by Hans, Anna coming third, Nels next, and Emil followed him, and finally Frank, Sena and Mrs. Nelson came together. Nels Nelson came to this country in 1886, settling in Appleton, near which city he worked on a farm for two years, and then located in Cicero township, buying a farm of eighty acres, which consisted of wild land and slashes. He built a log barn, which is still standing, and later purchased 155 acres of wild land, on which still stand the original house and barn, and he now has his entire property in a fine state of cultivation. On September 8, 1909, Mr. Nelson was married to Miss Luella Shepherd, who was born in Maine township, November 16, 1885, daughter of Henry and Margaret (Penwarden) Shepherd, early settlers of Maine township and to this union there has been born one child: Doris Irene, born March 5, 1910.

JULIUS E. HAHN, who is cultivating the old Hahn homestead in Center township, is one of the progressive, intelligent farmers of Outagamie county, and has been a lifelong resident of Wisconsin. He is a son of Rudwick Hahn, who came to the United States as a small boy, all alone, his parents having died in Germany, and after landing at New York, came to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he remained six years, working by the day. He then went to Dodge county, where he was employed by the month for sixteen years, and while there was married to Lena Krueger, daughter of John Krueger. In 1847 Mr. Hahn came to Center township and purchased a farm, and five years later bought the farm which is now being operated by Julius E. Hahn, and here continued to live until his death, February 14, 1911, one of the prominent agriculturists of Center township. Mr. Hahn was one of the self-made men of this section, having started out in life with no advantages, whether of a financial or educational nature, and through his own perseverance and energy worked his way to the front rank of successful men of his township. Mrs. Hahn died in 1881, having been the mother of four children.

Julius E. Hahn was born October 6, 1850, in Dodge county, Wisconsin, and was fifteen years old when he came to the farm on which he now resides. He received most of his education in the district schools of Dodge county, but also attended a few years in Center township, and he is possessed of an education far above the ordinary, his schooling having been added to by much reading and close observation. At the age of eighteen years he bought a farm in Center township, to which he moved, and there carried on operations for three years, but eventually returned to the home farm, of which he took charge, and here he has continued to reside to the present time. In 1872 he was married to Elizabeth Nieman, who was born June 30, 1855, in Buffalo, New York, daughter of Fred Nieman and Lena (Kliss) Hahn, the former a Civil War veteran who brought his family to Center township in 1867. Mr. and Mrs. Hahn have had five children, namely: Frieda A., born in 1874, who died in 1880; William, born in 1886, who died in 1897; Louis F., born in 1877, who married Anna Schultz and has three children; Mary, born in 1879, who married Charles Krueger; and Helen, born in 1885, who married Frank Schroeder and has two children. Mr. and Mrs. Hahn belong to St. Matthew's German Lutheran Church. In political matters he is independent.

LEWIS MENNING, who is the owner of the old Menning homestead farm in Greenville township, and secretary of the Twin Hickory Cheese Factory, a well-known business industry of this section, was born May 5, 1879, on the farm which he is now cultivating, and is a son of Christ and Sophia (Sough) Menning. Christ Menning was born in Germany and came to the United States when a young man, first locating in New York State for about ten years and then coming west to Wisconsin and settling in Greenville township, where he was engaged in agricultural pursuits until his retirement. He is now living on North Division street, Appleton. He became a well-known and successful farmer and was prominent in educational affairs in his township, serving for a number of years as a member of the school board. Lewis Menning was one of a family of three children and was educated in the district schools of this neighborhood, also spending three and one-half years in the Appleton schools. As a boy and young man he worked on the old homestead, and at the time of his father's retirement he took charge of the farm, renting it until 1911, when he became owner by purchase. He engages in general farming and dairy work, and has been successful in his ventures, having improved his property until it is one of the very valuable ones of this locality. He is also interested in the Twin Hickory Cheese Factory, and is at present secretary of this concern, which has a large output and the product of which meets with a ready sale in the Appleton markets. On April 29, 1908, Mr. Menning was married to Miss Ella Grutzmacher; daughter of Carl Grutzmacher, of Greenville township. She was born at Greenville, Wisconsin, and has been the mother of two children: Orrin, born April 13, 1909, died April 19, 1909, and Percy, born November 19, 1910.

WILLIAM RELEAN, born October 9, 1847, in Mechlenberg, Germany, is one of the most prosperous agriculturists of Dale township, where he owns 240 acres in sections 36 and 25. He is a son of Christian and Sophia (Schultz) Relean, who came to America in 1856, locating in Outagamie county, Wisconsin. Here they bought forty acres in Greenville township, building on it a log house, and later a log stable. To the original purchase, the father added until he owned nearly 200 acres at the time of his death, which occurred in 1896, when he was eighty-four years old. His wife died in 1888, aged seventy-four years. They had seven children, of whom William Relean was the second, and he and a brother, Fredrick, are the only survivors. When he was twenty-one years old, he commenced farming for himself on a portion of his present farm. To this property, comprising 160 acres, he gradually added until he now owns 240 acres, 200 acres of which is under cultivation. He carries on general farming and stock raising, marketing dairy products, hogs, cattle, sugar beets and potatoes. His preference is for graded Holstein and Durham cattle, of which he milks twenty-three, and he raises Poland China hogs. In 1895, Mr. Relean built his modern house, 44x44, with a wing, 16x30 feet, containing fourteen rooms. The barn, which is 50x128 feet, with a good basement, was built by him in 1892. His water is supplied by two drilled wells, pumped by windmills. On January 17, 1874, Mr. Relean married Regina Sieger, born July 1, 1856, second of five children born to her parents, Michael and Elizabeth Sieger, natives of Germany. These parents came to America in 1847, locating first near Milwaukee, but later coming to Winnebago county. In 1857 they bought land, which they sold in 1874, to come to Clayton township, the same county, and there they died, the father in the fall of 1894, aged seventy-four years, and the mother in 1904, aged about seventy-three years. Eight children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Relean, namely: Frederick, William and John, all of whom died in 1881 with diphtheria, aged three, five and six years; Paulina, wife of Everette Hackett, resides in the town of Greenville, where Mr. Hackett is employed in a cheese factory; Carl, unmarried, resides at home, being in the United States mail service; Alma, who died in childhood; Ella, unmarried, resides at home; and Elizabeth, also unmarried and residing at home. During the Civil War, Mr. Relean was not found lacking in patriotism, for he enlisted on March 14, 1865, in Company D, Twenty-second Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, being assigned to camp duty at Madison. He is now a member of Hortonville Post, G. A. R. In politics he is a Republican. He and his family are members of the Lutheran Church of Dale. Loyal as a soldier, Mr. Relean has been equally faithful as a private citizen, and his honesty and unflagging efforts have been rewarded by a gratifying prosperity.

HENRY J. OELKE, one of prosperous agriculturists of Outagamie county, now residing on the property once owned by his father, in section 23, Dale township, was born in Winnebago county, Wisconsin, June 24, 1879. He is a son of Julius and Matilda (Kleberg) Oelke, natives of Germany and Winnebago county, Wisconsin, respectively, who were married in the latter county and lived there until 1898, when removal was made to Outagamie county. Here the father purchased the farm now occupied by the son, and made it his home until his retirement in 1905. Since that year the father has lived in Dale, being now fifty-six years old, while his wife is fifty years of age. Henry J. Oelke was the second of three children born to his parents. He remained at home until his marriage, which occurred in 1906, when he was united with Miss Ella Schartau, born September 4, 1885, a daughter of William and Sophia Schartau, natives of Germany. They were married in Wisconsin, and are now living in Outagamie county, the father being seventy-three years old, and the mother sixty-four years of age. Mrs. Oelke was the seventh in a family of twelve children. Mr. and Mrs. Oelke are the parents of two children: Orla and Vora. Mr. Oelke purchased the homestead from his father, and owns 220 acres of rich land, mostly all under cultivation. He carries on general farming and stock raising, marketing dairy products, hogs, cattle, grain and potatoes, milking about twenty cows the year around. His preference is for graded Holstein and Duroc-Jersey hogs. His substantial barn is 40x92 feet, built in 1898 and kept up to modern requirements. The house was built in 1899, contains eleven rooms, closets and is fitted throughout with modern conveniences. There is another frame barn on the property, 98x36 feet, built in 1900, as well as numerous outbuildings for sheltering of stock, grain and machinery. In politics Mr. Oelke is a Republican. He and his wife are consistent members of the Lutheran Church. Having grown up amid healthy agricultural surroundings, Mr. Oelke understands his business in every detail, and has thus been enabled to carry it on profitably and creditably.

CHARLES PREISLER. Prominent among the agriculturists of Dale township, Outagamie county, may be mentioned Charles Preisler, who is operating a farm of 120 acres in sections 10 and 11. He is a native of Illinois, born July 19, 1858, a son of Charles and Mary A. (Meyers) Preisler, natives of Germany, who were married in the United States and first settled in Illinois, from whence they moved to Missouri, where Mr. Preisler died. The family came to Wisconsin in 1873, and settled in Ozaukee county, where Mrs. Preisler still lives, being seventy-two years of age. Charles Preisler was the second of his parents' eleven children, and after leaving home he began working at the mason trade, but later engaged in railroading. Eventually he turned his attention to farming, and rented a tract in section 15, Dale township, on which he lived about twenty-three years, after which he purchased the place he now owns, moving to it in the spring of 1909. On September 26, 1892, Mr. Preisler was married to Sophia Gmeiner, born November 15, 1860, daughter of Joseph and Mary (Hoffman) Gmeiner. Mrs. Preisler's parents were born in Germany, and after their marriage in Wisconsin settled in Dale township, where Mr. Gmeiner was engaged in farming until his removal to the village of Dale, where he died at the age of seventy-seven years. His widow survives, having attained the age of eighty-two years. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Preisler: Anna, single and residing at home; Stephen, of Dale township, who is married and has one child; and Waldemer and Reuben, residing at home. Mr. Preisler is a Republican in politics, and he and his family attend the Lutheran Church. He has his farm in excellent condition, sixty-five acres being under cultivation, carries on general farming, and markets dairy products, hogs, cattle, grain, sugar beets and potatoes.

PLOGER BROTHERS. Prominent among the agriculturists of Seymour township, Outagamie county, may be mentioned the Ploger brothers, William F. and Henry F., farmers and stock raisers, who own 280 acres of valuable land situated in section 18. They are sons of William and Mary (Reiboldt) Ploger. The grandparents of the Ploger brothers were Frederick and Fredericka (Crouse) Ploeger, who came to the United States from Germany in 1856 with their family, consisting of August, who is now deceased; Ferdinand, Frederick and William. They settled in Greenville, Outagamie county, Wisconsin, where Frederick Ploeger died in 1875 at the age of seventy-nine years, and his wife in 1872, when seventy-two years old. William Ploeger was born in Germany, April 15, 1838, and during the Civil War enlisted in Company K, Second Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry. On the army records his name was misspelled, becoming Ploger, and it has been so spelled by the family ever since. Mary (Reiboldt) Ploger was born January 17, 1845, at Mecklenburg, Germany, daughter of John and Christina (Nemann) Reiboldt, natives of Germany, who came to the United States in 1867, settling in Center, Outagamie county, where Mr. Rieboldt died in 1872, aged sixty-five years, and his widow in 1900, when seventy-four years of age. They had the following children: Mary, who married Mr. Ploger; Dorothea, who died aged twenty years; Christina, who married Fred Baker; John; Caroline, who married William Sittes; Fred, who died in Germany; Joachim; Fred (II.), who died in Germany; Christian, and Anna, who is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Ploger were married October 5, 1867, and came to Seymour township April 3, 1873, driven in by ox-team, to 160 acres of wild land on section 19. There was not a stick cut on the place, and their first task was to build a log cabin for their own protection and comfort and a temporary stable to shield their animals. They began clearing the land for crops, and as the boys grew up they did their share of the farm work, and now this property is one of the finest in Outagamie county. The log cabin has been replaced by a large eleven-room house, built sixteen years ago. In 1900 the big 40x98 feet barn was built; and in 1909 the wagon and tool shed, 36x50 feet, was erected. The tired, dusty team of oxen which brought the family to Seymour township were a poor means of locomotion as compared with the high-power five-passenger Buick automobile which is now the family means of conveyance. Mrs. Ploger was always a lover of her home, and she managed to keep her boys together throughout their youth and young manhood. William and Henry took charge of the farm in November, 1906, and here they have interested themselves particularly in the breeding of fine stock. They have the distinction of raising one of the finest teams in the country, valued at $1,000, being ot an exact weight, 1,710 pounds each, with their halters. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Ploger were as follows: Agnes, born July 24, 1868, who married John Johnson; Otto, born October 10, 1889, who died April 7, 1899; George, born September 27, 1872, who died June 17, 1892; Arnold, born September 24, 1874, who married Lizzie Green; Mary, born October 13, 1876, who lives at home with her brothers; Bertha, born February 20, 1879, who married Charles Shepherd; William F., born September 19, 1881; and Henry, born April 15, 1884. Neither William nor Henry have married.

WESLEY B. WILLIAMS. The average Wisconsin farmer, be he enterprising and energetic, is usually loath to transfer the control of his operations to other hands, even when he has reached an age that men in other lines of industry would consider advanced years, but when he finally does relinquish his hold on active labor and retires to his residence in the city, he makes one of the substantial, solid citizens of his new community, and as such is a welcome addition. Wesley B. Williams, a highly esteemed retired farmer of Bovina township, now living in Shiocton, Wisconsin, was born June 16, 1841, in Freedom, Portage county, Ohio, a son of Thomas G. and Eunice P. (Clark) Williams, natives of Ohio, in which state the mother died, the father coming to Wisconsin about 1868 and dying in Outagamie county. Wesley B. Williams secured his education in the public schools of Ohio, and attended Hiram College for three years, being a warm friend of its president, James A. Garfield, who was later to become president of the United States. He graduated from college at the age of twenty years and came west to Wisconsin, having stopped a short time in Illinois prior to locating at Eureka, Winnebago county. He became head sawyer in a sawmill at that place, where he rermained for several years, and then engaged in the lumber business, but eventually engaged in farming, purchasing eighty acres, on which was erected the first basement barn to be built in this community. Mr. Williams continued to farm with great success until 1907, when he retired, at this time being the owner of 800 acres of fine land in Bovina township. Since his retirement Mr. Williams has been living in Shiocton. On July 4, 1864, Mr. Williams was married to Caroline D. Tyler, who was born October 28, 1842, daughter of Nelson and Lydia (Sherman) Tyler, natives of New York State, who came to Wisconsin in 1859 and settled in Outagamie county, where both died. Mr. Tyler was an agriculturist all of his life. To Mr. and Mrs. Williams there were born seven children: Jennie P., who married A. J. Francis and died July 4, 1898, leaving no children; Wesley B., Jr., who married Lettie Van Alstine, has two children; two children who died in infancy; Earl J., who married Edith Kranzusch, has one child; Norman G.; and Maude E., who married Alvin Krause, of New London. Mr. Williams is a member of the Masonic order, and his political belief is that of the Republican party. Norman G. Williams received his education in the public schools of Shiocton and graduated from the Oshkosh State Normal school in 1898, after which he spent a year in Seattle, Washington, where for about six months he was engaged as a department manager in a department store. Returning to Shiocton in 1900, he purchased a one-half interest in the Boynton Nurseries, and three years later bought out his partner, since which time he has been sole owner of this large business, now known as the Shiocton Nurseries. He is also engaged in the meat market business with his brother, Earl J., also in the Christmas tree and decorating business, the firm shipping large numbers of trees and other evergreens during the holiday seasons. In 1902 Mr. Williams was married to Grace M. Boynton, who was born October 10, 1881, daughter of William G. and Frances (Manning) Boynton, natives of Outagamie county, who are now living at Gig Harbor, Washington. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Williams: Wayne J. and Earl B. Like his father, Mr. Williams is a Republican in politics.

FREEMAN 0. TOWN, president of the village board of Shiocton, Wisconsin, was born in Royalton, Waupaca county, Wisconsin. Mr. Town was married in 1904 to Miss Eva Demming, of New London, Wisconsin, and to this union there have been born two children: Josephine and Edna May.

ANSEL BAILEY BRIGGS was born at Lisbon, St. Lawrence county, New York, in 1829. He came west with his father in 1845, and settled near Waupun, Wisconsin. In 1849 Daniel W. Briggs, with his wife and two sons, Ansel Bailey, Robert, and his daughter Sarah, later Mrs. W. W. Willson, located in Appleton. Ansel Bailey Briggs assisted in erecting Lawrence College, and while attending that institution met Miss Ruth Kinney Millard, a classmate, whom he married in 1861. Four children were born to them: Daniel Judson, Charles Robert, Marion Josephine and Maude Millard. The first son, Daniel Judson, died in infancy. Ansel Bailey Briggs was a manufacturer of sash and doors, and was one of the first, if not the first, to export these products. He retired from business after his plant burned the second time in 1888. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and of the Masonic and Odd Fellow orders. His wife died in 1894. Charles Robert Briggs, his son, was married at Louisville, Kentucky, in 1891 to Mary Hyde Bell. They have two sons, Charles Robert, Jr., born in Decatur, Ill., in 1892, now a student of the College of Engineering at the University of Cincinnati, and a graduate of Howe School, Howe, Indiana; and Wallace Millard Briggs, born in Decatur, Illinois, in 1897. Charles R. Briggs lives in Marietta, Ohio, is in the sash and door business as salesman for John A. Gauger & Company, of Chicago, in Ohio, West Virginia and Virginia. He is a member of the Marietta Country Club, Masonic Club, Knights Templar and a vestryman of St. Luke's Episcopal Church of Marietta. Maude Millard Briggs, daughter of Ansel Bailey and Ruth Millard Briggs, was married in 1898 to Dr. William Henry Meeker, a prominent dentist of Appleton, and now practicing his profession in that city. They with Marion Josephine Briggs, live in the old home at 700 Lawrence street.

AUGUSTUS L. MURPHY, one of the leading business citizens of Hortonville, Wisconsin, who is secretary of the Farmers' Home Mutual Insurance Company, one of the largest organizations of its kind in the country, was born October 23, 1848, in Jefferson county, New York, the only surviving child of the eight born to Adam and Josephine P. (Vebber) Murphy. Adam Murphy was of Irish descent, and was left an orphan at an early age, being reared by a Holland family of the Mohawk Valley. Augustus L. Murphy received his education in the common schools. When twenty years of age he started out to make his own way in the world, and in the spring of 1869 arrived in Outagamie county, where he began working on a farm. During the winter of that year he met with an accident, cutting his foot severely with an axe, and in the spring of 1870 he gave up farming and entered a cheese factory in Greenville township, of which he eventually became the owner, operating it until 1897, when he rented it and came to Hortonville to become secretary of the insurance company. This large concern has $4,687,743 in risks, and its business dealings have been so satisfactory as to practically drive the old line -companies from the field. On taking the position he now holds Mr. Murphy introduced new business methods in the office, the system being now so perfected that at a moment's notice he can give a detailed account of all business transactions from the time he took up his duties to the present day. He is a member of the Odd Fellows, is secretary of the Equitable Fraternal Union No. 10, and is independent in politics. With his family he attends church. In 1872 Mr. Murphy was married to Matilda; Jack, daughter of Hiram and Mary (Hunter) Jack, the former born in New Brunswick in 1819, a son of a native of Maine of Irish descent, and Mrs. Jack a native of Scotland, who came to the United States at the age of two years. They were married in 1841 and came to Outagamie county thirteen years later, purchasing eighty acres of wild land in Greenville township, two miles east of Hortonville. During the first few years, when the wild land was being cleared, Hiram worked nights in a mill in Hortonville, walking to and fro from work, while his family was engaged in clearing the land. Mrs. Murphy can remember many interesting reminiscences of these early times and many of them have to deal with the hardships and privations endured by the early settlers, but she also remembers that the sufferings of the pioneers only brought them closer together and that the brotherly feeling existing between the families in those days was far beyond anything that has been brought by the growth and development of the country. What belonged to one family at that time was gladly shared, those who had cows distributing the milk among their less fortunate neighbors until the supply was gone, and those who butchered dividing readily their supply of fresh meat among those who had none. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Murphy: Chester A., born in 1874, now employed in the paper mill at Rothschild, Wisconsin; Mrs. Maud Evans, of New York State; Charles E., married and living in Tacoma, Washington, where he is in the employ of an express company as local agent; and Mrs. Bessie Brown, of Santa Barbara, California.

FERDINAND W. GOSSE, farmer and stock raiser of Cicero township, whose fine farm of eighty acres, located in section 22, shows the skilled management of its operator, was born March 18, 1844, near Berlin, Germany, and is a son of Fred and Dorothea (Breitzk) Gosse, farming people of the. Fatherland. Mr. Gosse has two brothers, Charles and Frank, and a sister, Amelia. Fred Gosse died in Germany in 1854, and in 1871 the mother brought her family to the United States, settling in Ellington township, where Ferdinand W. Gosse worked in the lumber woods for three years, thereby earning enough money to invest in a piece of timber land in Cicero township, which he has since converted into his present excellent farm. In 1874 he built a log shanty, in which he lived alone for five months, and then married Rebecca Kittner, and the young couple began to make a comfortable home for themselves in the wild, uncultivated country. A new house was built, 16x22 feet, then a barn 36x70 feet was erected, and eventually a basement was put under the latter. When the farm had been put on a paying basis, Mr. Gosse decided he should have a better home, and subsequently he enlarged his residence to nine rooms and made it modern in every respect. Other buildings on this fine property are a substantial granary, a wagon shed 25x50 feet, a chicken house 14x22 feet, and a hog barn 30x56 feet, the latter built in 1910. In addition to engaging in a general line of farming, Mr. Gosse raises good cattle, hogs and horses, and is known to be an expert judge of live stock. The valuable property which he now owns has come to him as a result of years of industrious labor, and he takes pardonable pride in the fact that he is a successful self-made man. Mr. and Mrs. Gosse have had nine children: Anna, Lena, Ida, Bertha, Eddie, Wilma, Robert, Arnold and Stella, of whom Lena is deceased.

CHARLES H. MORY. In every community in Wisconsin are men who have risen above their fellows in business and political life, not because they have had better advantages, but because their natural abilities created opportunities of which they were quick to take advantage. In a section like Outagamie county, where good and reliable men are easily found, he who is given preferment among his fellows has indeed attained honor, for he has proven himself a person whom any man might trust. Charles H. Mory, farmer, stock raiser, land owner and prominent citizen of Cicero township for many years, who has spent his entire life within the confines of Outagamie county, where he has been identified with the growth and development of the community in which he lived, and who has been elected to several positions of honor and trust, was born January 27, 1854, in Greenville township, Outagamie county, son of Julius Francis and Fredericka (Wolfrum) Mory, who were born in Germany. Julius F. Mory came to the United States in 1849, settling in Greenville township, and purchased an eighty-acre farm, his wife and stepdaughter following him here in 1853. He continued to live on this property until 1876, when he died and was buried in the Ellington Cemetery. Mr. Mory was married to Fredericka Wolfrum, the widow of Carl Oschatz, a native of Germany who died in Milwaukee, and she died July 11, 1910, being buried in Appleton, where she removed in 1887. They had the following children: Mrs. Caroline Hilfert; Charles H.; Frank J.; Edward, of Appleton; Albert F., of San Antonio, Texas; and Mrs. Ida P. Nicklaus, of Appleton. Charles H. Mory received his education in the district schools in the vicinity of the homestead in Greenville township, and his boyhood was spent much the same as that of other farmers' youths of that day. On January 25, 1882, he was married to Miss Rosa Breitrick, who was born in Ellington, Wisconsin, August 19, 1857, daughter of Charles and Wilhelmina (Herman) Breitrick, natives of Saxony, Prussia. Charles Breitrick was educated in Germany, where he was reared on a farm, served three years in the German army, and came to the United States, where he settled in Milwaukee, and was there married. They then moved to Waupaca county, where Mr. Breitrick worked on a farm for eight months, then spent five years on a wild farm in Ellington, Wisconsin, and from that time until his death, April 23, 1891, he was engaged in farming in the township of Ellington. His wife died March 27, 1880, having been the mother of five children, namely: Albert; Minnie, who married F. E. Saecker, of Appleton; Rosa, who married Mr. Mory; Caroline, who married William Lohrenz, of Appleton; and Charles, the owner of the old homestead farm in Ellington township. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Mory made their home with Mr. Mory's parents for about two years, and then purchased the present home farm, which he has developed into one of the finest in Cicero township. When Mr. Mory first located on this property it was only partly cleared for cultivation, and the buildings consisted of a log house 16x28 feet and two log barns, 30x60 feet and 25x56 feet, respectively, in size. The old weatherbeaten log home has been replaced by a modern structure of eleven rooms and all conveniences; there is a basement barn, 36x70 feet, with 46x70 feet floor space, and the other buildings are substantial in build and of relatively corresponding size. In addition to carrying on general farming and raising large, prosperous crops, Mr. Mory engages in cattle raising, specializing in the Guernsey breed, and owning a registered thoroughbred sire. He and Mrs. Mory are members of the Evangelical Association in Cicero township, in which he served as Sunday School superintendent for a long period of years. In political matters he acts with the Republican party, of which he has always been an ardent supporter, and he has served as school director of district No. 2 for several years, and as town clerk for six years, from 1896 until 1902. Mr. and Mrs. Mory have had the following children: Lenora W., born June 19, 1883, married William Witthuhn and lives in Maine township; Esther J., born June 10, 1886, married Ernest Witthuhn and lives in Cicero township; Lillian A., born September 4, 1888; Clara C., born January 2, 1891; Leonard Franklin, born June 20, 1894; Carlton, born May 14, 1897, died at birth; Wilmer C., born December 25, 1899; and Alvin Julius, born March 25, 1901.

OTTO BRASS, junior member of the firm of Hahn & Company, of Cicero, Wisconsin, one of the well-known cheesemaking concerns of Outagamie county, was born September 27, 1868, in Sheboygan county, Wisconsin, a son of Cornelius and Fredericka (Strassberger) Brass. Mr. Brass' parents were born in Germany, from which country his father came to the United States at the age of twenty years, settling in Sheyboygan county, Wisconsin, where he met and married Fredericka Strassberger, who had come here with her parents when two years old. They at once settled down to agricultural pursuits, which Mr. Brass followed throughout his life, his death occurring in 1876. His widow, who survives him, is seventy-six years of age. They had nine children, as follows: Bertha, Herman, Julius, Otto, Lena, Emma, Gustave, Ida and Cornelius, of whom Ida is deceased, and Emma is the wife of Charles Hahn, Mr. Brass' business partner. Otto Brass received his education in the schools of Sheboygan county, and there learned the cheesemaking business, which he followed for two years before coming to Cicero, in 1894, to form a partnership with Mr. Hahn, his brother-in-law. They now have a business which has increased its output from 3,000 pounds to from 12,000 to 15,000 pounds daily, do a large business in cream, and also have a farm of 200 acres under cultivation. Their first store, a structure 24x30 feet, was erected in 1895, but the business has increased to such an extent that numerous additions have been made and other buildings built to accommodate the large trade now handled by the partners. Their farm is equipped with fine, substantial buildings, and the partners are known as excellent farlmers and substantial, reliable business men. Mr. Brass was married December 8, 1895, in Outagamie county, to Edith Keilem, who was born in Eau Claire county, Wisconsin, May 21, 1874, daughter of Matthew and Maggie (Kuhn) Keilem, natives of Germany, who came to the United States as children. Mr. Keilem died in 1908, aged sixty-two years, while his widow still survives, having attained the age of sixty-two years. Mr. and Mrs. Brass have had the following children: Herbert, born September 26, 1896; Edward, born September 24, 1900; and Viola, born June 21, 1903.

WILLIAM SCHROEDER, who is carrying on farming and stock raising operations on a well-improved farm in section 31, Cicero township, was born in Germany, January 25, 1871, and is a son of Fred and Henrietta (Gast) Schroeder. Fred Schroeder was born in Pomerania, Germany, from which country he came to the United States with his wife and three children, August, William and Gusta, in 1881, coming direct to Appleton, where he spent the remainder of his life and died in 1900, aged seventy-six years. His widow, who still survives, is seventy-six years old, and a faithful member of the Lutheran Church, of which her husband was also a member. William Schroeder grew up in Appleton, and at the age of twelve years began working in a stave manufacturing plant. continuing there six years, and then becoming employed by Captain Welcome Hyde, with whom he remained until coming to Cicero township in 1897. Here he purchased eighty acres of land, of which twenty were cleared, and a frame house and log barn were situated on the place. He now has the land well improved, and las added to and completed the house and built a basement barn, 38x70 feet. He raises Guernsey grade cattle and Duroc hogs, and has been very successful in both farming and cattle raising. In 1895, Mr. Schroeder was married at Neenah, Wisconsin, to Miss Clara Cummings, who was born in Chicago, Illinois, daughter of Benjamin Cummings, a cooper by trade and a veteran of the Civil War, who died at Menasha, Wisconsin. Mr. and Mrs. Schroeder have had two children: Arthur Myron, born May 7, 1897, in Appleton, Wisconsin; and Irene, born February 15, 1902, in Cicero.

JOHN CASEY. In naming the representative agriculturists of Ellington township, mention should be made of John Casey, an intelligent farmer of this section, who in addition to carrying on operations on 160 acres of land and engaging in stock raising, is serving his third year as superintendent of roads. He is a son of John Casey, a native of the Emerald Isle, who came to the United States when a young man and settled in Black Creek township, where he bought land and continued to live until his death in 1903. His widow, who prior to her marriage with Mr. Casey was Miss Elizabeth O'Brien, was also born in Ireland, and now resides in the village of Stephensville. John Casey, of this sketch, was born in Black Creek township, Outagamie county, May 29, 1872, and he received his education in the district schools of that locality. He worked on his father's farm until starting out on his own account for five years, after which he rented property on which to carry on his operations. At the end of this period he purchased a farm in Ellington township, but after four years sold that land and bought his present farm, a tract of 160 acres of excellent land, where he has been engaged in general and dairy farming and stock raising since 1906. He has made numerous improvements on his property, has equipped it with modern buildings and conveniences, and has always been an adherent of scientific farming and the use of modern machinery and methods. On April 26, 1899, Mr. Casey was united in marriage with Miss Maggie Wittlin, born August 29, 1877, daughter of John and Katherine Wittlin, and they have had a family of three sons and two daughters: Marion, born June 14, 1900; Clarence, June 9, 1903; Leo, August 8, 1905; Margaret, January 18, 1908; and Raymond, March 30, 1911. Mr. and Mrs. Casey are members of St. Patrick's Catholic Church at Stephensville. He is independent in his political views, and has been elected for three years to the office of superintendent of roads.

JOHN HERMAN, a representative agriculturist of Ellington township, who after years of hard work has eventually won success in his chosen field of agriculture, is one of the progressive men of his section and the owner of an excellent property. Mr. Herman is a native of the Buckeye State, where he was born in 1854, a son of Casper and Josephine Herman, natives of the Austrian province of Bohemia, who first settled in Ohio on coming to the United States in 1853, and later, in 1855, removed to Outagamie county, Wisconsin, and settled on the present farm of John Herman in Ellington township. Here the father died in 1890, while the mother suivived until 1902. Of their six children three are still living. John Herman received his education in the district schools in the vicinity of his native place, and he was reared to the life of an agriculturist. He started to work for his father as soon as he was old enough to do a fair share, and when his father retired from active life he continued to work for him until he had accumulated enough money to buy the property. He is engaged in general farming and dairy work, and by constant and arduous labor has made his properties one of the finest of its size in this part of the township. It is well and neatly fenced, finely graded, has good pasture land and is well equipped with modern conveniences and substantial buildings in a state of excellent repair. Although he has not found time to engage in matters of a public nature, he is serving his township in another way, for the advancement of the community depends upon the development of the land, and he who brings a portion of the country into a better state of cultivation is doing as much of a service as he who spends long periods in places of public preferment. Mr. Herman has never married. He is a consistent member of the Catholic Church at Greenville, and has done his share in contributing to church and charitable movements.

LOUIS JACQUOT, one of Hortonville's prominent and influential citizens, who has been engaged in the hotel and livery business here for nearly a quarter of a century, was born in Cape Vincent, Jefferson county, New York, August 25, 1839, one of the seven children of Francis and Blin (Miller) Jacquot. Francis Jacquot was a wine grower in the suburbs of Paris, France, and came to America in 1826, locating in Pleasant Valley, New York, where he engaged in farming and died when his son Louis was still very young. His widow sold out sixteen years after his death and came west to Greenville township, Outagamie county, Wisconsin, in 1856, buying eighty acres of land in Hortonia township, which she gave to her son Louis, and here she passed the remainder of her life. Louis Jacquot received a common school education and at the age of seventeen years started out to make his own way in the world, having learned the carpenter's and cabinetmaker's trades. He also engaged in farming, and in February, 1865, enlisted in Company A., Forty-seventh Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, as a private, the regiment being sent to Tennessee to do guard duty, and Mr. Jacquot received his honorable discharge in September, 1865, having risen to the rank of sergeant and acting as orderly sergeant. After the war he returned home and entered a mercantile business with W. D. White at Hortonville, but after five years closed out and went on the road for the Odd Fellows, moving his family to Appleton in order that his children might have better advantages for an education, but in 1872 he moved back to Hortonville and engaged in contracting and building, and while thus engaged put in several thousand cords of stone from the quarries north of town. Since 1887 he has been engaged in the hotel and livery business, and his hostelry is well and favorably known to the traveling public. In politics he is a Democrat, and while he has never aspired to public preferment, he served in Hortonia township as justice of the peace for twenty or twenty-five years. He organized and was the first president of the village of Hortonville, which office he retained for two terms. Mr. Jacquot is remarkably well versed in law, and while he never sought to be admitted to the bar he is counsel for a number of business firms. Fraternally he is connected with the Royal Arch Masons, being a past master of the Blue Lodge, and also has held membership in the Odd Fellows. In 1858 Mr. Jacquot was married to Clara C. Wood, daughter of Clark Wood, who came to Outagamie county from New York in 1854, and to this union there were born the following children: Charles H., a traveling man of Minneapolis, Minnesota; Clarissa M., who married W. M. Hollenback, a newspaper man of New London, Wisconsin; John L., owner of the Appleton Cold Storage and of several cheese factories, and who manufactured the largest cheese ever made, it weighing 4,400 pounds; Edwin J., who is in the real estate and insurance business at Hortonville; Jennie V., who died September 28, 1908, the wife of Charles Benjamin; and Hattie E., the widow of John A. Printup. Mr. Jacquot's first wife died in 1903, and he was married (second) May 5, 1909, to Mrs. Lucinda P. (Whitman) McMurdo, the widow of John M. McMurdo, Jr. Mr. Jacquot has thirteen grandchildren, six boys and seven girls, and is great-grandfather of one.

ELIAB FARNAM, one of the honored pioneers of Hortonville, Wisconsin, now living retired after many years spent in agricultural pursuits, is highly esteemed as a veteran of the great Civil War. He was born at Attica, Wyoming county, New York, July 28, 1836, and is a son of Eliab Farnam, who was born December 3, 1796, in New York State, his parents coming from Connecticut. In 1849 Eliab Farnam, the father, brought his family west to Outagamie county, Wisconsin, settling on forty acres of land at a time when he not only lacked any worldly possessions, but was even in debt for part of the hauling from Green Bay. He found work at rail splitting, and by the spring of 1850 had two acres of his land cleared and put into potatoes and corn. During the summer he cut down pine trees and made 12,000 shingles, which he floated down to Oshkosh, and walked to that point to dispose of them for $24. This sum he invested in needed food, which was sent up the river by boat and dumped on the bank, from whence the whole family assisted in carrying it to the little log home. During the winter of 1850-51 Mr. Farnam cut 100,000 feet of logs, one-half of which he had to give to a neighbor for hauling them to the river bank, where he sold it, Mr. Farnam realizing $200 for his share. He purchased a yoke of oxen for $60, and three cows for $12 each. With the new means for clearing, the land was rapidly put under cultivation, and at the time of his death, June 11, 1873, Mr. Farnam saw that his years of labor had developed a finely conditioned and fertile property. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Sarah Peck, was of Connecticut descent, and died February 15, 1873. One of the brothers of this sturdy old pioneer was a civil engineer and helped to build the first railroad into Chicago, later taking the contract to build the Rock Island Railroad from Chicago to Rock Island, a work which was completed within one year.

Eliab Farnam, the son, received a common school education in New York, and after coming to Wisconsin attended district school for two months when he was eighteen years of age. He always remained on the home farm, which was added to from time to time and at the death of his parents he fell heir to the land. In 1858, Mr. Farnam was married to Miss Sophia Diener, who was born on the ocean en route to this country, and she died March 4, 1876. On January 4, 1879, Mr. Farnam was married (second) to Amelia Grunert, daughter of Ernest Grunert, a German miller, who on coming to the United States refused offers of work in Milwaukee and located in the town of Ellington, Outagamie county, where he engaged in farming until his death, March 25, 1907, being buried in Stephensville Cemetery. His wife, Henrietta (Krause) Grunert. whose parents were pioneers, died in 1894. Mr. and Mrs. Farnam had four children: Mrs. Myrtle Vogel, residing on the homestead, is the mother of three children; Ernest is a resident of California; Mrs. Louisa Lansing is living on a farm in Peck, Wisconsin; and Edna is residing at home. On September 9, 1861, Mr. Farnam enlisted in the First Wisconsin Cavalry, Company G., from which he was discharged on account of disability, August 7, 1862. He reenlisted September 28, 1864, in Company A, First Wisconsin Cavalry, and was honorably discharged July 19, 1865. During the latter enlistment the regiment was sent to Nashville, Tennessee, and then back to Louisville, Kentucky, where it was veteranized and detailed to scout duty in Kentucky with Wilson's Cavalry Corps. It then went into winter quarters at Gravel Springs, and in the spring of 1865 went through Alabama, helping to capture Montgomery, and took part in the battle of West Point, this being the last engagement of the war. On the nineteenth of April the news of Lee's surrender reached the regiment, and it went to Macon, Georgia, where the regiment's horses were exchanged for mules, which were ridden to Nashville, and the First was mustered out at Edgefield, now East Nashville. During the stay at Macon the regiment was sent to try and capture Jefferson Davis, and no doubt would have accomplished this had not the Michigan regiment gained their information and, cutting in ahead of the First on another road, secured the fugitive and the bounty. On his return from the war Mr. Farnam returned to his farming activities and was so engaged until his retirement, April 1, 1907, since which time he has been living in Hortonville. In politics he is a Republican, and he walked fifty miles to cast his first vote for Abraham Lincoln in 1860. He served district No. 6 of Ellington for twelve years as school treasurer. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and his wife of the Ladies' Relief Corps, and she is also an active worker in Methodist Church circles, assistant Sunday School superintendent and a teacher. Mr. Farnam has been an active Christian temperance worker. Although the greater part of his time was given to farming, during the latter years of his life he was interested in stock breeding, taking numerous prizes with his fine Jersey cattle and Chester White hogs.

JOHN LOWE, superintendent of the Appleton Coated Paper Company, one of Appleton's important industries, was born in England, in 1874, a son of Peter and Ellen (Robinson) Lowe; both of whom spent their lives in the old country. Mr. Lowe's education was secured in the English schools, and he first located in Appleton in June, 1894, being employed by the Telulah Paper Mill for about seven years and then entering the employ of the street car company, with which he was connected for four years. At this time he went to Kaukauna and became connected with the C. S. Boyd Paper Company, and in 1907, when the Appleton Coated Paper Company was organized, he returned to this city and entered their employ, being advanced to the position of superintendent in April, 1910. Mr. Lowe has had a wide and varied experience in his line of work, and in his official capacity is greatly advancing the interests of his company. In 1898, Mr. Lowe was united in marriage with Miss Jennie Powers, of Appleton, daughter of William Powers, and they have had a family of two children: Stanley, who is eight years old; and Loraine, aged five. Mr. and Mrs. Lowe are consistent members of St. Mary's congregation of the Roman Catholic Church. He is connected fraternally with the Knights of Columbus and the Catholic Order of Foresters.

GEORGE G. WEIHING, who is carrying on farming on the old Weihing family homestead in Center township, is ranked among the substantial agriculturists of this section, where he has also for some years been actively interested in matters of a public nature. He is a son of John Weihing, a native of Germany, who came to this country as a small boy with his father, also named John, a German carpenter who settled in Milwaukee. John Weihing learned the carpenter trade from his father, and followed that occupation in Milwaukee county until the family removed to Center township, Mr. Weihing purchasing a tract of farming land here on which he carried on farming until his death, in 1887, at the age of forty-six years. Mr. Weihing married Helen Schwalbach, who died in 1905, at the age of fifty-three years, and they had a family of ten children, of whom six now survive, namely: Mary, Sophia, George, Annie, Ella and Henry. George G. Weihing was born March 27, 1876, on the farm which he now cultivates, and his education was obtained in the district schools, after leaving which he started to work for his mother. He remained at home until he was twenty-five years old, at which time he went to work as agent for J. F. Schalbach, selling farming machinery, but after two years spent in this kind of work rented a farm in Center township and operated it for two years. He then purchased the old family homestead, which he is now operating as a general and dairy farm. He is well and favorably known in the vicinity of his home, and he has been twice elected a member of the board of school directors. On April 24, 1902, Mr. Weihing was married to Alvina Peters, daughter of Frederick and Elnora Peters, who came from Germany to the United States in 1865, settling in New York, from whence they came to Center township and here Mr. Peters died in 1896 and his widow in 1908. Mr. and Mrs. Weihing are consistent members of the German Lutheran Church of Ellington township.

ALEXANDER CONKEY, store keeper and time clerk for the Combined Locks Paper Company, in their mill at Combined Locks, Wisconsin, of which place he is acting as postmaster, is a Canadian by nativity, having been born in Ontario, July 18, 1863. His parents, Robert and Jane (Wiley) Conkey, natives of Ireland, were married in Canada, where Mrs. Conkey still resides at the age of eighty years, her husband having died there in 1909, when eighty-eight years of age. They had a. family of fourteen children, of whom Alexander was the ninth in order of birth. He received a good public school education, after which he took a course in telegraphy at Janesville, Wisconsin, and when twenty-five years of age was employed as operator at Minocqua, Wisconsin, on the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad. He was there for one month and then returned to Canada for a short time, after which he came to Bear Creek, Wisconsin, where he was employed as operator for about three months before being assigned to the office of operator and agent at Combined Locks, in January, 1890. He acted in that capacity for something over four years, when he was tendered the position of shipping and receiving clerk for the company with which he is now connected, and since that time has filled various offices in its mills. He is widely known in the paper trade in this part of Wisconsin and has made numerous friends during his long and faithful service. Mr. Conkey is a member of the Masonic order, belonging to Kaukauna Lodge No. 233. In politics a Republican, he served on the school board for some time, and during President Harrison's first administration he was appointed as the first postmaster at Combined Locks, a position which he held for eight years. In 1909 he received his present appointment, and his efficiency in handling the duties, together with his courtesy of manner, have made him an ideal official. He and his family are members of the Presbyterian Church of Kimberly. In 1888 Mr. Conkey was married to Miss Isabella Edwards, who was born May 12, 1866, the eldest of the five children born to William and Mary (Patterson) Edwards, natives of Ontario, Canada, and Scotland, respectively, who were married at the former place and spent the remainder of their lives there, the father dying in 1902, aged fifty-seven years. Mrs. Edwards still resides in Ontario and has reached the age of seventy years. Mr. and Mrs. Conkey have had three children: Mildred, who married John N. Cleland, living in Combined Locks, was educated in the public schools and spent one year in high school, then receiving special instruction in vocal and instrumental music; Wellington and Harry, both attending the Little Chute High school.

JOSEPH J. SCHINDLER, an industrious, well-to-do farmer of Buchanan township, was born in Outagamie county, Wisconsin, August 25, 1861, and is now operating a farm of forty acres located in section 28. He is a son of Gregory and Rosina Schindler, natives of Austria, who were married in that country and came to America during the '50s. On first coming here they settled in Menasha, later moved to Black Creek township, but eventually went to Appleton, where they purchased a farm of 160 acres located at East Menasha, Winnebago county. There they spent the remainder of their lives and both are buried in St. Mary's cemetery at Menasha.This worthy couple had a family of seven children, of whom Joseph J. was the youngest. At the time of his father's death he took charge of the homestead farm which he operated for about ten years and in the fall of 1898 bought his present property. He has his land all in a high state of cultivation and fenced with barbed wire, and he carries on general farming and markets dairy products and cabbages and some cattle and milks five graded Holstein cows.He also engages to some extent in horse breeding, keeping principally the French Coach breed. He is a Democrat in his political views, and with his family attends the Presbyterian Church at Kimberly. On August 14, 1890, Mr. Schindler was united in marriage with Miss Catherine Williams, who was born April 6, 1869, the seventh of the ten children born to David P. and Margaret (Jones) Williams, who came to America from Wales as young people and were married at Oshkosh, Wisconsin. Later they settled at Neenah, Winnebago county, on a farm, and there lived during the remainder of their lives, both being buried in the Oak Hill Cemetery at Neenah. Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Schindler, namely: Margaret Rose, Rachel Cecelia, Esther Mary Jane, David Gregory, Franklin Thomas, Grace Nancy and Willard John Andrew.

FREDERICK M. ABRAHAM, one of the successful farmers and stock raisers of Dale township, who is now operating 103 acres situated in section 24, was born at Nekimi, Winnebago county, Wisconsin, March 9, 1870. His parents, John and Amelia (Haberberg) Abraham, were natives of Germany, in which country they were married, and came to the United States in 1868, settling in Winnebago county, in Nekimi township. They engaged in farming there until 1881, in which year they came to Outagamie county, settling on eighty acres of partly improved land in Dale township, one-half mile north of Medina, where Mr. Abraham died April 4, 1898, aged fifty-eight years, being buried in West Medina Cemetery. Mrs. Abraham now lives at the home of her daughter, Hannah, in Dale township, and is sixty-three years of age. Of the eleven children born to this couple, Frederick M. Abraham was the third in order of birth, and he has always resided on the home place. He was married November 25, 1898, to Miss Mina Haas, daughter of Andrew and Catherine (Marks) Haas, the former born in Baden and the latter in Hessen, Germany. They came to America as children and were married in Greenville township where they are still living, engaged in agricultural pursuits, the father being seventy-six and the mother seventy years old. Mr. Haas enlisted in 1864 in Company A, Fiftieth Wisconsin Volunteers, and was connected with that company until the close of the war. Mrs. Abraham was born December 2, 1867, the third born of a family of five children. She and Mr. Abraham have had four children: Franklin T., Ruth E., Albert and Ruby M., the latter two of whom died in infancy. Mr. Abraham carries on general farming and stock raising, markets dairy products, hogs, cattle, sugar beets and potatoes, and feeds his hay and grain except barley. He has seventy acres under the plow, all fenced with barbed and woven wire, and has his land in a high state of cultivation. In politics he is a Republican, and he and Mrs. Abraham and their children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Medina. Both are firm believers in the benefits to be accrued from life insurance and each holds a policy for $1,000 in the Equitable Assurance Society of Niew York.

EDWARD R. BOWERMAN, one of the leading business citizens of Shiocton, Wisconsin, and proprietor of the Shiocton Telephone Company, was born December 8, 1864, at Clifton, Winnebago county, Wisconsin, a son of Israel and Mary (Foster) Bowerman, natives of this State. The parents of Mr. Bowerman came to Outagamie county in 1873 and settled in Bovina township, where the father died in 1893, Mrs. Bowerman having passed away twenty years before when thirty-four years of age. Israel Bowerman was a millwright by trade, and followed that occupation during his youth, but later on learned the jewelry business, in which he was engaged during the remainder of of his life. Edward R. Bowerman was the third of his parents' eight children and his education was secured in the public schools. At the age of thirteen years he commenced working for himself and during the years that followed he was engaged in various occupations until 1902, when he established the Shiocton Telephone Company, buying out the Hortonville Telephone Company, which consisted of fourteen telephones and a line between Hortonville and Shiocton. He has increased the business to such an extent that there are now over 500 telephones, 100 miles of toll lines and three exchanges are operated, one each at Shiocton, Black Creek and Seymour. Connection is made with the Bell organization at Seymour and Hortonville, and the service is rapid and efficient. Mr. Bowerman is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and is a Republican in politics, although he has not found time to engage actively in public matters.

In 1882, Mr. Bowerman was married to Miss Harriet Nagreen, who was born October 22, 1886, daughter of Joseph and Sarah Nagreen, natives of Austria and Pennsylvania, respectively. They came to Wisconsin in 1866 and settled in Hortonville, and are now residents of Appleton, the father being eighty-six and the mother seventy-six years old. Joseph Nagreen was a furniture dealer and undertaker, occupations which he followed throughout a long career, his retirement occurring in 1898. In 1861 he enlisted in Company F, Thirteenth Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and when his service had expired he reenlisted in the same regiment and served until the close of the war. He was a brav